f ifoarjT of gfltt-^iTflianb §htaxQ 



No. II 




CHURCH'S PHILIP'S WAR 



Part I 



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Eije iii0tottj 



King Philipvs War 

By BENJAMIN CHURCH 

WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES 

By HENRY MARTTN DEXTER 







JOHN KIMBALL WIGGIN 



MDCCCLXV 



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Xo. 



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irti.10 ?i?untirct( ant JFifto ©opics, Small Quarto 
2rijtvtjJ=filir, l^pyal ©uarto 



Press ol" John Wilson and Son 



JOHN GORHAM PALFREY, D.D., LL.D., 

WHO ADJJS THE MINUTE AND PATIENT ACCURACY OF THE ANTK^UAKV TO llli: 
BROAD AND PHII.OSOPHICAI. INSIGHT OF THE HISTORIAN: 

AND WHO HAS, MORE FAITHFULLY THAN ANY OTHER WRITER. CONCEIVED 

AND DEFINED THE REAL POSITION OCCUPIED BY THE 

ABORIGINES OF NEW ENGLAND IN THE 

CIVIL AND SOCIAL SCALE : 

Efiis CFUition of a i}omdij Imt intialualilf ^rart. 

HAVING LARGE REFERENCE TO THEM. 

Is, hv Pcrjii/ssiflu. most rcspedfi/Ily I)i scribed. 



^f^-^ 



PREFATORY NOTE. 




HE need of the literal reprint of so valuable a 
contribution to the history of New England 
as Church's "Entertaining Passages re- 
lating TO Philip's War," has been widely 
felt; and the more, because the re-issue of 1772, from 
which all later editions have been copied, was defective in 
some important particulars affe6ling the use of the work 
as an historical authority. Two instances of this may 
be here particularized; viz., where (page 18) the words 
occurring on page 10, "and of the black Rocks to the 
Southward of them," offering an important hint of the 
exa6t locality of the " pease-field fight," w^ere dropped out 
altogether; and where (page 30) the words occurring on 
page 17, "in about a INIonths time," were reprinted "in 
about three months' time," thus seeming to hint an expedi- 
tion into the Nipnuik country in March, 1676, referred to 
by no other writer. The endeavor has accordingly been 



P R E F A T O R V NOT E. 

made to put the purchaser of this edition in possession of 
as exa6t a reproduction of the original of 1716, as it has 
been possible for modern antique types and skill to do; 
the minuteness of the imitation having been designed to 
be extended to every misprint, mispun6tuation, and even 
inverted comma, — of which the word " discocovered " 
(page 31, line 11 from the top), the word PI month (page 
140, line 8 from the bottom), and very many other seem- 
ing blunders of the printers of this edition, will be found 
to be only faithful illustrations. 

In the Notes, the endeavor has been made to straighten 
the involved and crooked chronology from other sources; 
to identify the exa6t localities made for ever classic by 
their association with this rude warfare; to efive some 
account, from contemporary records, of the various a6tors; 
and, generall}^, to shed all possible light upon the narrative. 

Familiar with most of the country traversed over by 
the story, from a childhood that was fascinated by the 
graphic simplicity of Church's description of his cam- 
paigns, the Editor indulges the hope that he may have 
done something to aid future readers of these " Entertain- 
ing Passages " to comprehend them in their exactness of 
time and place and circumstance. 

The original, from which this reprint is made. — now 
a very rare volume, — was printed in small quarto, pp. 120, 
in Boston, in 17 16, by B. Green. A second edition, 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

itself now becoming rare, was published fifty-six years 
after at Newport, R.I., in 1772, by Solomon Southwick, 
in small 8vo, pp. 199. It is made clear from the Diary* 
of Rev. Ezra Stiles, D.D., (then Pastor of the Second 
Congregational Church in Newport), that he aided 
Southwick, and really edited the volume. 

The following extra6ts bear upon the subject; viz, — 

" 1771- Dec. 1 8 Conedting the press for Col. Church's 

Hist, of K. Philip's War in 1675. 

" 177^' Dec. 19 Reviewing Col. Benj. Church's History of 

K. Philip's War, 1676, at the request of the printer ; — adding English 
or present Names of places written in Indian names in the Original. 
Mr. Southwick is printing a Second Edition ; first Edit. 171S [6"/c]. 

" 1772- Apr. 9 Finished writing the Life of Col. Benja- 
min Church, to be affixed to the new Edition of his History of the 
Indian war, called K. Philip's War, now jDrinting. He was born 1639, 
and died at Little Compton, Janry. 171I, .^^t. 78. 

" 1772' Apr. 10 Inspecting the Press." 

Dr. Stiles appended to the volume, also, an " Ode 
Heroica," which [A^. E. Hist, and Gen. Reg., xi. 155] was 
composed by Benjamin Church of Boston, "Vendue- 
master," son of the old Colonel's son Edward, who was 
also a " Vendue-master," — as that age styled the useful 
person whom we call an Auctioneer, — and was father of 
Dr. Benjamin, of sad Tory memory. He not only glori- 

* This Diary is now in the Library Stiles was President at the time of 
of Yale College, of which Rev. Dr. his death. 
B ix 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

fied his grandfather in a tongue unknown to the brave old 
warrior (although, as he wrote Dr. Stiles, " almost too 
old for such juvenile attempts; being upwards of 67"), 
but furnished the Do6lor with the materials for the biog- 
raphy of the Colonel. 

The glorification was as follows: — 

"ODE HEROIC A, 

" [a Nepote Herois composita] 
" BlOGRAPHIAE PRAECEDENTI AFFIGENDA SIT. 

" "1^ TUNC permitte Nepos Lecftor, magnalia Avi ejus, 
i- ^ Et vitam ut breviter caneret, quoq ; pauca loquendo, 
Traduce de veteri, celebrata et, versibus, ex quo 
Magnanimusq ; Heros frondebat : deinde locoque : 
Quo fuit intrepidus Phoenix, memorandus et ortus ! 
Agricola ecce Pater manuum gaudebat in omni 
Tumve labore suo, nutritus frugibus Arvi ! 
Mater pauperibus curas, casusq ; relaxans. 
Omnibus affli6lis passim mater fuit alma ! 
Numinis arbitrioq ; bono, sine murmure mentis, 
Acquievere, suis contenti sortibus ambo — 
Cordibus elatis, gratiq ; fuere Parentes, 
Filius ut talis mortalibus hisce daretur ! 
Qiii patriaeq ; suae perluxit gloria longe. 
Donee ei'at villus truculentae mortis ab idlu ! 
Duxburiae di(5tum est, Genioq ; fuisse beatum 
Oppidum, et exultans, tanto quod munere Marti s 
Distincflum fuerat ! Vicinis majus ab illo ! 
Historicus supra probiter canit arma virumq ; 
Qiiiq ; erat in pugna multis, magnisq ; periclis 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

Expositus ! Natos nemoris fuscosve secutus 
Armipotens ; sylvas, Dumosq ; arbustaq ; densa 
Pervolitans, nigros scloppo ejus perdidit Angues 
Monstraq ; quos natura parens crudelia dixit ! 
Vicftoriisq ; suis pacem stabilivit in Orbis 
Terrarum occasu — jam, jam sub vitibus omnis 
Hie sedeat salvus — terrore absente Mavortis ! 
Mortuus est Heros ! Nomen sed vivet in aevum — 
Spiritus aseendit Coelos, Jesuq ; triumphans ; 
Dum latet in tumulo corpus cum pulvere mixtum ! 

Sic cecinU Nepos Benj. Church, Sen." 

This edition was also adorned with what purported to 
be portraits, on copper, of Colonel Church, and of King 
Philip, both from the graver of Paul Revere ; of 
which more will be said in another place. 

The third edition of this winsome narrative was edited, 
fifty-three years later, by Mr. Samuel Gardner Drake, 
and was the first contribution of that since accomplished 
archaeologist to this department of Aboriginal research; 
in which, without injustice to others, it may safely be 
said that he has no superior. Travelling through the Old 
Colony in the summer of 1824, he, for the first time, saw 
\^JV.£. Hist, and Gen. Reg., xvii. 202], and became pos- 
sessor of, a copy of Southwick's reprint; and, circulating 
proposals, he obtained nearly a thousand subscribers for 
a new issue. He published in i2mo (Boston: Howe and 
Norton, 14, State Street, 1825), pp. 304; prefixing eight 
pages of Index, and two pages of Introduction, and adding 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

an Appendix of forty pages, comprising a brief sketch of 
the settlement of this country, of the Indian wars, &c., &c. 
It was mainly a reprint of Southwick's edition, — the editor 
having then never seen the original, — with the omission 
of the " Ode Heroica," and the addition of a few foot- 
notes. It was embellished with a fancy portrait of King 
Philip, decidedly more prepossessing in appearance, and 
quite as authentic in chara6ter, as that of Paul Revere 
of a half-century before. 

The success of this effort was so marked as to induce 
Mr. Drake to prepare and issue a second edition (the 
fourth of the work), which he did, early in 1827, from 
stereotype plates; being among the first fruits of the ste- 
reotype press in Boston. This, also, was in i2mo, pp. 
360. He added many more notes, and gave an Introduc- 
tion of five pages, an Index of six pages, and an Appendix 
of sixty-eight pages, of the same general chara6ter as that 
of the previous edition, but rewritten and enlarged. The 
old head, purporting to be a likeness of Church, was 
re-engraved for this issue, and other plates were added. 

All the (nominally new) editions of this work, from 
that time to the present, have been re-issues of this last; 
the plates having long since passed out of Mr. Drake's 
hands, and having been used by various publishers. 

The present is, therefore, the fourth reprint (fifth 
edition) of these " Entertaining Passages," and the first 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

from the original, — as well as the first which has not 
avowedly sought to amend the text. 

The map has been adapted from the State map, by the 
Editor, with great care, from his own personal knowledge 
of the ground; and he believes it to be a thoroughly accu- 
rate guide to all those localities which it purports to point 
out. 

The dates have been suffered to stand in Old Style, as 
written. 

The Publisher has sought to produce this copy, so far 
as possible, m. facsimile of the original, as well as in literal 
exa6tness; and the headings, initial letters, &c., &c., have 
been accordingly engraved for that purpose. 

It only remains, here, that just thanks be given to all 
who have aided the Editor in his labor : among whom 
he would gratefully mention the Hon. John Russell 
Bartlett, Secretary of State of Rhode Island; his 
Honor, Judge William R. Staples, of Providence; 
General G. M. Fessenden, of Warren, R. L; Richard 
Sherman, Esq., of Portsmouth, R. I. ; Mr. Henry 
M. Tompkins, the Town Clerk of Little Compton, 
R. I.; Hon. Williams Latham, of Bridgewater, Mass.; 
Samuel F. Haven, Esq., Librarian of the American 
Antiquarian Society in Worcester, Mass. ; Rev. John 
Langdon Sibley, Librarian of Harvard College ; and 
Mr. George H. Taber, of Fairhaven, Mass. Two gen- 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

tlemen deserve more special mention for the unwearied 
pains they have taken to aid the Editor in some portions 
of the w^orkj viz., his friend and kinsman, Mr. Franklin 
B. Dexter, now Tutor in Yale College, to whom he owes 
the extra6ls from the Diary of Dr. Stiles, the identifi- 
cation of the site of John Cook's house in Cushnet, and 
other kindred helps; and the Hon. J. Hammond Trum- 
bull, Secretary of State of Conne6ticut, to whose disinter- 
ested and indefatigable aid much of what may be thought 
to be of special value in the work will be largely due. 
The Editor knows nothing about the Indian tongue; and 
the reader is desired to take notice here, once for all, that 
for all the interesting and valuable suggestions having 
reference to that, which are scattered through the book, 
his thanks will be wholly due to the learning and gen- 
erosity of that eminent savan. 

It has not been found possible — without too great 
enlargement of the volume — to insert herein the Second 
Part of the original work, giving " a further account of 
the Actions in the more later Wars against the Common 
Enemy and Indian Rebels in the Eastern Parts, under the 
Command of the aforesaid Capt. Benj. Church; " which 
makes sixty-six of the solidest quarto pages. That is in 
preparation, and will follow as a separate issue. 

H. M. D. 

Hillside, Roxbury, 
15th July, 1865. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 




N his preface to thefe "Entertaining Paffages," 
Colonel Church makes the apologetic remark, 
that " every particle of hiftorical truth is pre- 
cious." That remark has been conftantly in 
mind in the preparation of what follows, having refer- 
ence to events in the hiflory of this limple-hearted, yet 
noble-hearted man. It would be more exa6t to ftyle what 
is here offered " Materials toward a Memoir," than fuch 
a Memoir itfelf. Moft of the official records in which 
various a6tions of his bufy life would naturally leave their 
footmarks, have been fearched, and their various references 
to his career have been gathered together and arranged 
chronologically here; fo as to put the reader in poffeffion 
of thefe fragmentary, yet faithful, evidences of what he 
was. The man himfelf has exhaled; but fome rude im- 
preffion of him remains in them, which may ferve as a 
matrix in which imagination may fhape fome image; 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

which, if far from being a reproduction of the perfon 
whom his cotemporaries knew, mufl yet have some fac- 
fimile lineaments. The humble office of the editor is to 
furnifh the mould; leaving to the reader the re-creative 
work. 

Benjamin Church was a fon of Richard. Richard 
came to Maffachufetts probably in the fleet with Gov. 
Winthrop;* was a carpenter by trade; 19 061. 1630, 
was propounded to be a freeman in the Maffachufetts 
Colony; in 1630, was at Weffaguflet and Plymouth; 2 
Jan. 163! was freeman of Plymouth; 16 Feb. 163! hired 
William Baker to faw timber into boards for him; was 
"rated for public ufe " £1 i6s. in March following, and 
£1 75. the next year; married Elizabeth, daughter of 
Richard Warren, in 1636; was often a member of the 
"Grand Enqueft," and was occafionally made referee; 
ferved as fergeant in the Pequotwar; with John Tompfon 
helped build the firft meeting-houfe ( as fuch ) in Ply- 
mouth about 1637; lived at Eel-river; 9 April, 1649, fold 
his eftate there to Robert Bartlet for £25 ; was in Charlef- 
town in 1653, but finally fettled down in Hingham, where 
he made his will 25 Dec. 1668, and died two days after, at 
Dedham, leaving at leaft nine children.f 



* Savage's Geu. Dia. i : 3S6; Win- N.E. Hiji. & Gen. Reg. xi : 154; Plym. 
for's Duxbiiry, 245; Deane's Scitu- Col. licc.i: 6, 8, 11, xii: 165, &c. &c. 
ate, 234; Mitchell's Bridge-water, 363; f Church Ipeaks {^B. C. D.\: 91] of 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

Benjamin was born at Plymouth in 1639, and was bred 
to his fathers trade. No other circumftance of his early 
life has found record. 26 Dec. 1667, — when at the age of 
twenty feven or eight, — he married Alice, fecond daugh- 
ter of Conftant and Elizabeth ( Collier ) Southworth, of 
Duxbury; who was then not far from twenty-one, having 
been born in 1646. It is prefumed that their early married 
life was pafled in Duxbury, though it is probable that he 
was temporarily relident in various portions of the Colony, 
in the purfuit of his vocation. His firfl appearance upon 
the Plymouth Colony Records is 25 061. 1668, when [P. 
C. R. vii: 150] he is named as on a trial jury in the 
cafe of Jofias Winflow vs. Kenelm, and in that of John 
Doged. 

I yune^ 1669, lefs than fix months after his father's death, 
the Court granted him " land att Taunton River " which 
William Pabodie had taken up and then furrendered, [/*. 
C. R. y: 20] "for full fatisfa6tion for all the right his 
father, Richard Church, deceafed, hath to land in this 
CoUonie." 

7 March 1670 \_P. C. R. vii: 163], he was one of a petit 
jury at Plymouth for the trial of feveral a6lions. 29 May, 
1670, [P. C. R. v: 275], his name appears upon the lift of 



Sarah, wife of James Burroughs, of publiflied lift of Richard's children which 
Briftol, tailor, as his lifter, though no I have feen. [iV. E. Hijl. and Gen. 
fuch name appears upon the fulleft Reg. xi : 154.] 
c xvii 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

freemen of " Duxburrow," then tranfcribed by Secretary 
Morton. 

5 June, 1 67 1 \P. C. R. v: 54], he was Conflable of 
" Duxburro." 

30 O^ober, 1672 [P. C. R. vii: 174], he was one of a 
trial jury at Plymouth, for the fecuring of juftice in 
feveral criminal cafes. 

4 y^uly, 1673 \_P. C. R. vii: 181], he was one of a trial 
jury at Plymouth for eight civil and criminal cafes. He 
alio made return [P. C. R. v: 126], with John Rogers, 
Daniell Wilcockes, Conflant Southworth, William Pa- 
bodie and Edward Gray, that, purfuant to the order of the 
Court, they had bounded out " the fouthfyde of thofe lands 
formerly graunted vnto the inhabitants of Plymouth at 
Punckateefett^'' &c. At the fame time [P. C. R. v: 126], 
liberty was granted him with John Tompfon, by the Court 
to purchafe land of " Tufpaquine, the blacke fachem, and 
William his Son, for the inhabitants and propriators of the 
towne of Middleberry," &c. The proprietors were to have 
until the laft of the November following, to repay Church 
and Tompfon, and take the land; but it appears SJbid^ 14^]? 
that they failed to do fo, and that the Court, 3 June, 1674, 
granted Church and Tompfon " one third p* of the faid 
land, for theire cecuritie and evidence." 23 July, 1673 
^Proprietor's Records Saconef\ he met with the newly 
organized Company to purchafe and fettle the Saconet 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

lands; appearing in the right of Richard Bifhop and 
Richard Beare. Sometime in this year his oldeft fon 
Thomas was born. 

lo April, 1674 \P. R. S\ the Saconet company met 
at Duxbury, and Church drew the lots numbered 19 and 
29. He proceeded during the fummer following to clear 
and ere6t buildings upon lot No. 19 (fee note 21 pq/l^. 

2 March, 16'j'^g [P. C. R. vii: 195], he was on a trial jury 
at Plymouth, fhowing that his removal to the very outikirts 
of the Colony was not defigned, by him or by the Colonifts, 
to diffociate him from their conftant fervice. Church's 
own account of himfelf in connection with the outbreak of 
the war which now began to defolate the land feems to 
begin about 15 June, 1675 [note \\, poJl\, but the " Brieff 
Narrative of the beginning and progreffe of the pTent 
trouble between vs and the Indians," fubmitted to the 
Commiffioners of the United Colonies, by the Ply- 
mouth Commiffioners, in the November following, and 
which bears the marks of having been carefully drawn, 
fays \P. C. R. x: '^d'^^, "on the 7"" June, Mr. Benjamine 
Church being on Rhod Ifland; Weetamoe and fome of her 
Cheiffe men told him that Phillip Intended a warr fpeedily 
with the Englifh," &c. It would feem to have been about 
15 June that he had an interview with AwaJJionks and 
Weetamoe, as narrated in his own account, and went to 
Plymouth to fee the Governor. The Punkatees fight was 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

9 July; 19 July the Pocaffet Expedition began: in the laft 
of that month, Philip got acrofs Tiiicut river in the night, 
and fled for the Nipimik country. 27 06lober [P. C. R. 
vii: 196], thefe warlike proceedings were interfperfed with 
a civil fuit againft Church, of Richard French of Marfh- 
field. Executor of the eftate of Richard Beare, claiming 
damages of \os^ in an a6lion of debt, concerning which 
the record is, " the jury find for the plaintiffe the coft of 
the fuite." The fecond week in December, Church ftarts 
for the war again as " a Reformado " with Gen. Winflow, 
and on the 19th of that month was wounded in the 
famous Narraganfett fwamp fight, and carried over to 
Rhode-Ifland to be cured. 

27 January^ 1676 (note 140, pojT)^ he flarted with the 
army for the Nipjnuk country; 29 Feb. (note i^z^pojl), he 
feems to have met with the Plymouth Council of War, at 
Marfhfield; 11-13 March (note 159,/^), arrived at Capt. 
Almy's, on Rhode-Ifland, with his wife and fon Thomas; 
12 May, his fon Conftant was born; 6 June, he arrived 
at Plymouth by way of Wood's Hole; foon went back 
the fame way, faw the Saconet Indians on the rocks, and 
procured a formal meeting with AwaJItonks, refulting in a 
treaty, and, 25 June, difpatched Peter to Plymouth with 
the "Articles"; met Maj. Bradford and his army, re- 
turned to Plymouth, and went to meet AwaJJwnks at Mat- 
tapoifett^ 8 July; was commillioned, and went out to 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 
» 

capture the Monpon/ets, lo July; 24 July, had his com- 
miffion enlarged, and ftarted to guard the carts to Taun- 
ton, whence he went to AcnJJinet^ and captured many 
prifoners, and returned to Plymouth by way of Sippican ; 
30 July, flarted for Bridgewater, chafed Philip over into 
the fwamps in Norton and Rehoboth, and took many prif- 
oners, with whom he got fafe back to Plymouth, 4 Au- 
guft; 7 Auguft, he "rallied" for Dartmouth, and by 10 
Auguft ftarted for Pocaffet woods, went over to the ifland, 
and down to Maj. Sanford's to fee his wife, and next 
morning killed Philip in the fwamp fouth of Mount-Hope, 
and got back to Plymouth on the 17th; early in Septem- 
ber, he fet his fuccefsful trap for Ti/paqicin, and foon 
ftarted out once more after Annawon^ whom he took on 
the night of 11 September. 17 October, the Maflachufetts 
General Court wrote to Plymouth [^Afa/s. Col. Rec. v: 126] 
aflcing to be afllfted againft the Eaftern Indians " with fome 
Englifh, & alfo fome of 3'our Indians, and Capt. Cluirch, 
whom we have fpoken with here & finde him ready to 
ferve God and the country, &c."; i November, he was 
appointed [P. C. R.v\ 215] by Plymouth Court, with 
William Pabodie and Nathaniel Thomas, to lay out lands 
granted to David and Thomas Lake near Saconet and Pun- 
katea/l\ alfo, with the fame, to lay out fome lands in aid of 
a ferry at Pocaffet; while he and John Simmons are granted 
\^Ibid. 216] a leafe for pafturage at Pocaffet. 4 November 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

[/*. C. R. xi: 242], the Court ordered as follows: " Cap- 
taine Beniamen Church haueing; for and in the behalfe of 
the Collonie, engaged to feuerall Indians; about fiue or 
six; That incase they did carry well they fhould abide in 
this Jurifdi6tion; and not fold to any fforraigne p''tes; ac- 
cordingly this Court doth confeirme the faid engagement 
and doth hereby tollarate theire ftay as aforfaid; notwith- 
ftanding any law of this Collonie to the contrary; except- 
ing; if any of them fhould appeer to haue had a hand in 
any horred murder of any of the Englifh p^'ticularly ex- 
cepting one Croffman; whoe is accufed to haue had a 
fpeciall hand in the crewell murder of M"" Hezekiah Wil- 
lett." 

15 yanuary, 1677, Capt. Church was commiffioned again 
by the Plymouth government, and went out again and 
[p. 181,^(7/?] took "divers parties of Indians." 6 March 
[/*. C. R. v: 225], the Plymouth Court granted leave to 
eight of Church's Indian foldiers to fettle at Saconet^ he 
fupplying them with land, on condition that they hold 
themfelves ready for military fervice under him, " hee, 
fatisfying the Indians, to haue the whole prophett of fuch 
an adventure," 7 June \P. C. R. v: 234], he is author- 
ized to a6f as a magiftrate to iffue warrants, «&c., at Saco- 
net and Pocajjfet ; 13 July [Ibid. 242], he is recognized by 
the Court as agent of the widow of Daniel Haward, for 
the management of the lands of her late hufband; 30 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

06lober \Ibid. 246; vii: 208], he was on a trial jury at 
Plymouth. 

5 March, 167^, he was appointed by the Court \P. C. R. 
v: 252], with John Richmond of Taunton, to divide fome 
land at Saconet belonging to children of the late John 
Irifh; 5 July \Ibid. 265], he was empowered, by fpecial 
order, to adminifter to John Irifh the oath to ferve as con- 
ftable at Saconet. 

8 March, 167I \P. C. R. vi: 7] he was re-appointed to 
be a magiftrate for Saconet and PocaJ/ct. 

4 March, 16 jg {Briftol County {Ma/s.) Deeds, ii: 144], 
he buys of Arthur Hathaway of Dartmouth, for £16, one 
fhare in Punkateajl neck, with one fhare of the Court grant 
of which faid neck was a part; fame date \Ibid. ii: 146], he 
buys a limilar fhare of Edward Gray of Plymouth, for £12. 

I January, i6|f SJbid. ii: 143], he bought a fimilar fhare 
of Richard Wright, tailor, of New Plymouth, for 40^. 
Sometime before March of this year, with feven others 
{Proceedings of Mafs. Hijl. Soc, Sept. 1857, 238], he be- 
came a purchafer of Pocajfet lands, and agreed to endeavor 
the well fettling of a plantation there, and to "joine with 
Succonnitt Proprietors in the calling of a Gospell Mineter 
& for his incouragfement as to his outward fubliftence 
&c."; 7 July \P. C. R. vi: 43], he was appointed, with 
Nathaniel Thomas and William Pabodie, " to bound out 
Tatamanucke' s thoufand acres of land att or about Saco- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

nett"; 14 Sept. [BriJIol, R.-I., Town Records^ i: 26], he 
figned and fealed the " Grand Articles " for the fettlement 
of Briftol, R.-I. 

I March, 168^ [P. C. R. vi: 58], with Nathaniel Thomas 
and Edward Gray, he petitioned to have the lines run 
between their Pocajfet purchafe and the " freemen's land " 
at Fall River, and the Court ordered William Pabodie to 
do it; 7 July, 1681 \P. C. R. vi: 69], he was authorized 
by the Court " to cutt and cleare " a more dire6l way from 
Mount-Hope to Bofton, there being "great need" of one; 
at the fame Court [P. C. R. vii: 241], he, with others, by 
N. Thomas, their attorney, fued David Lake for £500, for 
interrupting them from quiet and peaceable poffeffion of 
their Pocajfet lands ; i Sept. \B. T. R.'v. 46], the firfl pro- 
prietors of the Mount-Hope purchafe met (76 in number, 
" Capt. Benjamin Church" heading the lift), and agreed 
that the name of the town fhould be Briftol; 10 Nov. \B. 
T. R.'w 49], with N. Byfield and Sergeant John Cary, he 
was appointed to make a rate upon the new town. 

7 March, i68i \P. C. R. vii: 247], he, with others, by 
N. Thomas, attorney, fued William Earle of Dartmouth 
for forcibly hindering the running of the boundary line of 
the Pocajfet purchafe; 22 May, 1682 \JB. T. R. i: 49], he 
was chofen Deputy to reprefent Briftol in the Colony 
Court, and firft Sele6tman for the year enfuing; 7 July 
\_P. C. R. vi: 93], he was commiffioned as a magiltrate. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

and authorized to folemnize marriages; 27 061. [P. C. R. 
vii: 257], he made an official return to the Court covering 
the teftimony of Wayewett (^Awa/Iwjzks's hufband) and 
three other Saconet Indians, that to their knowledge the 
little ifland of Che/fawamicke (Hog Ifland) belonged to 
Maffafoit and his fon Wamfiitta. 

28 May^ 1683 \B. T. R. i: 51], he was re-ele6led Dep- 
uty? 5 J^ly \J^' ^' D. ii: 146], with Wm. Pabodie of 
Little Compton, he agrees that the 23d lot at Saconet 
fhould be his; 7 July \P. C. R. vii: 263], John Saffin, mer- 
chant, fues him for £100, for " daming a certain water- 
courfe into a coue on PoppafquafJi necke"; 24 061. \^B. T. 
R. i: 54], he agrees with the voters of Briftol to make 
three wolf-pits in a month's time, and, with others, was 
clothed " with full power in the towne's behalf in refer- 
ence to rates now due from Mr. J. Saffin"; 31 061. [P. C. 
R. vii: 269], Saffin complained to the Court of him and 
his aflbciate raters of damage of £24 for unjuft affeffiiient, 
but the Court found for defendants, and affeffed Saffin £4 
53-. cofls of Court; fame date, fame Saffin fued Church for 
£80, for the old caufe of " daming " his creek, and the 
jury found for Saffin £3 and cofts. 

3 March, i68| \B. T. R.'w 43], he agrees with Nathaniel 
Byfield to maintain a fence of 393 rods in length, between 
their farms, each to build and keep in repair 1962 rods; 
9 Feb. 1684 \B. CD. i: 311], he bu3's of John Walley 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

and others, for £io, certain houfe-lots, &c., &c., in Briftol; 
20 Feb. [Ibid. 309], he buys of the fame parties, for £87, 
feveral houfe-lots and other lands, with tV of ^ mill, and yV 
of the " ferry farm," in Briftol ; 26 March \BriJlol Births^ 
i: 56], his then only daughter, Elizabeth, was born; 21 May 
[B. T. R. i: 55], he was re-chofen Deputy, and elected 
third Sele6lman; 16 Sept. \Ibid. 57], with Capt. Walley, 
he was chofen "for the uling endeavors to bring £5, from 
next 06tober Court of the Cape money for the Incourage- 
ment of a School-mafter "; 13 November \B. CD. i: 50], 
he efre6ted the divifion of the Haward land in Sacenet^ to 
which he had been appointed by the Court; 28 Novem- 
ber [B. C. D.'w 181], he fells, for £45, to Rowland Rob- 
infon of Newport the 24th lot at Saconet, and 40 acres at 
Tyon/unbe. 

23 yime, 1685 [B. T. R. i: 62], he "dift)urfed" 10s. to 
help make up £5, to pay for the freight of the goods of 
"Mr. Cobbit, the fchoolmafter "; 22 September \_Ibid. 6t,\ 
he was chofen one of three " raters," and one of a Town 
Council of five, " to join with the Commiffion officers ol 
this town by way of ordering concerns in any exegences 
relating to meletia affairs." 

17 May, 1686 \_Ibid. 68], he was chofen firft Sele6lman; 
I July {Brijiol Births, &c. i: 18], his third fon, Nathaniel, 
was born (who died 29 Feb. following) ; 9 November [B. 
T. R.'w 70], he engaged "to deliver in four cords of fire- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

wood for the Rev. Mr. Lee," to help make 42 cords; 18 
November [B. C. D. ii: 271], he fells 20 acres of land at 
Saconel, for £11, to William Pabodie. 

II February, i68f [B. C. D. iii: 290], he buys ofW. Pa- 
bodie and W. South worth of Saco7tet an i8-acre lot, for 
£13; 4 May \B. T. R. i: 72], he was chofen the firfl of 
four Sele6tmen at Briftol; 8 May \_Rev. Dr. Shepard'^s 
Two Di/cour/cs, 10], he became one of the original 
eight members of the Firfl Congregational Church in 
Briftol. 

23 yamiary, i68|- [B. C. D. iii: 370], he buys of Seth 
Arnold of Duxbury, one-half of the '^'^^ lot in Ptinkateajl 
neck; 19 February \^Ibid, ii: 145], he exchanged with John 
Roufe of Marfhfield the 29''' lot (which was the fecond he 
originally drew) at Saconet for the 18''' (which adjoined 
the 19"", the firft which he originally drew, and on which 
he had built his houfe there); 21 May 1688 \B. T. R.'w 
73], he was chofen again the firft of four Selectmen at 
Briftol; 16 July \B. C. D. v. 91], he buys for £100, a 
whole fhare of land in Little Compton, of Jofiah Cook and 
Jofeph Harding of Eaflham; 29 September \Ibid. 97], "for 
the love, goodwill and alTedlion which I have and beare 
toward my loving friend and Brother-in-law James Bur- 
roughs of Briftol, Tailor, and Sarah, his now wife (being 
my lifter) " he gave his " home-lot " on the corner of Hope 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

and Queen Sts. in Briftol,* being 131 ft. by 59 ft, with other 
lands enumerated; 17 06lober \Ibid. vii: 572], for £33, he 
fold to James Peckham, of Little Compton, lands in that 
town, and fame date [Ibid, iii: 326], bought of faid Peck- 
ham for £13, two lots in faid town; 21 November \_Ibid. 
i: 338], he bought for £6, of Samuel Sanford of Portf- 
mouth, land at Little Compton; 28 November [Ibid, i; 
75], he exchanged certain lots in Little Compton for cer- 
tain other lots there owned by John Cufhen of Scituate; 
6 December [Ibid, i: 75], he fold for £90, lands in Little 
Compton to Peter Tailer of Newport; 26 December, [Ibid. 
82], for £24, he fold land at Little Compton to Mathew 
Howard of that town. 

24 January., i68f [Ibid. 81], for £16, he fold to James Cafe 
and Anna his wife, of Little Compton, 40 acres of land in 
that town; 6 February [Ibid, ix: 173], he fells, for 425-. a 
ferry lot at PocaJ/et to William Wodel; 6 September 
[E7itertai7ii7ig Paffages, &c. 56], he was commiffioned Ma- 
jor, and Commander-in-Chief, of Plymouth forces for the 
firft Eaftern Expedition; 7 September, 1689 [B. CD. iii: 
368], he buys of William Fobes, for £10, a lot in Little 
Compton; 18 September [^. P. 59], received his infhruc- 
tions from the Commiffioners of the United Colonies, and 

* Rev. Dr. Shepard fajs, in a note corner of Thames and Conflitution 

to his Truo Dtfcourfes, (p. 51) " tradi- ftreets, the ftone chimney of which 

tion fays that the old Talbee houfe, in only remains (1S57), was built by Col. 

this town, [Briftol] ftanding near to the Church." 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

ftarted for Cafco ; 2 1 September \Original letter of Churchy 
m Mafs. State Paper Offi,ce\^ had an engagement with the 
enemy, in which eleven of his foldiers were killed and ten 
wounded; 13 November \Willis's Hijl. Portland 280], he 
had a Council of war at Falmouth, foon after which he 
returned home; 25 December \P. C. R. vi: 228], a com- 
mittee was appointed by the Colony to fettle with him and 
others " the charges of the warr, &c." and the Court 
ordered him 40^. a week and £10, over, belides what he 
might receive " from the Bay." 

6 February^ i6|f \E. P. 65], he wrote to the Governor 
and Council of MalTachufetts appealing on behalf of the 
poor inhabitants of Maine; 10 May, 1690 \B. C. D. ii: 6G\^ 
for £7, he fells to Edward Gray of Little Compton land in 
Sapoivit neck in faid town; 30 May [Ibid. 147], he buys of 
Captain Chriftopher Almy of Rhode Ifland, for £11 los., 
four thirtieths of lands left by the purchafers o{ PocaJ/ett, at 
Fall-river, for erecting a mill or mills; 2 September \E. P. 
69J, was Commiffioned for the fecond Eaftern Expedition; 9 
September [Ibid. 70], received his inftru6lions, and ftarted; 
was back to Briftol in three or four weeks ; 4 November 
[P. C. R. vi: 255], was appointed by the Court to take 
charge of a contribution propofed in the County of Briftol 
for the relief " of ye town of Wells & parts adjacent; " 27 
November [E. P. 77], wrote from Briftol to " the Eaftern 
parts;" 2 December [B. C. D. iii: 369; v: 521], ex- 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

changed with W. Pabodie of Little Compton two lots in 
faid town. 

8 yu7ie, 1 69 1 \B. CD. i : 199], he fells to Nathaniel 
Byfield, for £50, one lixteenth part of PoppafqtiaJJi neck, 
being 43 acres more or lefs; 28 Auguft [Ibid, i: iii], he 
buys of his brother Caleb Church of Watertown, " mill- 
wright," for £100, 132-30*'''' of Pocajfett purchafe, being 30 
rods in breadth, " and containes y" river commonly called 
y" Fall-river & y*" benefit of y® ftream, and y^ ftrip of land 
defigned for y^ ufe of a mill, or mills, with y^ \ part of y^ 
fawmill, &c. &c."; 23 September \Ibid. ii: 257], he buys 
for £70, of N. Thomas, of Marfhfield, lands at Saconet. 

25 ytily.1 1692 \E. P. 82], he was commiffioned for the 
third Eaftern Expedition; 11 Auguft, had his inftru6tions, 
and ftarted for Penobfcot, — did what fervice he could 
and returned. 

6 March., 1693 \B. C. D. vii: 154], he fells, for £21, to 
Samuel Crandall land at Little Compton; 23 May \_Idid. y: 
11], he buys of W. Wodel, of Portfmouth, for £3, lands in 
Fall-river; i Auguft \Ibid. ii: 149], he buys of Thomas 
Burge of Little Compton, for £7 105., a meadow lot of 3 
acres in that town; fame date [Ibid, ii: 142], he fells to 
faid Burge for £15, 40 rods fquare of land in the fame 
town. 

29 January, 169I [Ibid, i : 282], he fells, for £34, to Daniel 
Eaton of Little Compton one fhare of the undivided lands 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

in that town; i6 February \Ibid.\\\\ 397], he buys of 
Benjamin Woodworth of Little Compton, for £10, mea- 
dow lots in that town; 20 April, 1694 \Ibid. vi: 177], 
he buys of Gerfhom Wodel of PocaJ/et, for £3, lands at 
Fall-river; 23 July [B, T. R.'w 92], " Major Church " was 
chofen by the town of Briftol the firft of its 5 affefTors; 30 
July \B. C. D.'w 97], he bought back, for £50, his " home- 
lot" in Briftol which he had fold (29 Sept. 1688) to his 
brother-in-law, James Burroughs; 6 September [Ibid. 385], 
he buys of Ifrael Hubbard and Jonathan Dodfon of Scitu- 
ate, for £150, one "great lot" in Freetown, " being the 
fecond lot from y" Fall-river." 

29 December, 1695 [Ibid, ii: 21], he fells to Jofeph Ta- 
ber of Tiverton 80 acres at Nomquid, with a grift mill, and 
alfo 39 acres in Punkateajl neck, with other lots, for £360, 
faid Tabor agreeing to maintain the grift-mill, as Church 
had done, with the agents of the proprietors of Saconet. 

23 March, 1696 [B. T. R. i: 96], Major Church was 
chofen Moderator of Briftol town-meeting, — the laft time 
his name is mentioned on the records of that town, indicat- 
ing his removal very foon after to Fall-river; 2 May [^. C. 
D. i: 290], he depofed that in 1680 he faw Hugh Wood- 
berry fencing " the nth lot of y*' freeman's land," &c., in 
Freetown; 27 July [Ibid, ii: 217], he fells, for £18, to John 
Palmer, carpenter, of Little Compton, 40 acres of land in 
that town; 3 Auguft [E. P. 87], he was commiflioned to 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

go on the fourth Expedition eaft; 12 Auguft \Ibid. 88], 
had his inftru6lions, and went out, returning in the Au- 
tumn. 

18 January, m% \B. C. D. iv: 390], Major Church " late 
of Briflol now of Tiverton"* — fhowing that he had now 
become a refident of Fall-river — " for natural love " gives 
to his fon Thomas, of Briftol, feveral parcels of land, with 
a houfe, &c.; 5 September, 1700 \Ibid. iii: 183], he buys 
of Jofeph Church of Little Compton for £100, feveral lots 
of land at Saconet Point; 20 December [Ibid, iii: 291], he 
buys of Latham Clark, of Newport, for £140, a whole half 
fhare of the freeman's lot at Freetown. 

7 March, 170^ \Ibid. iv: 29], he with others, deeds land 
in Little Compton to William Hiliard; 10 December, 1701 
[Ibid, v: 161], he buys of Henry Head of Little Compton, 
for £10, land in that town. 

27 March, 1702 [Ibid, iv: 17], " in confideration of nat- 
ural love and affe6lion," he deeds to his fon Edward large 
tra6ls of land in Briftol, " his houfe on Hope St. & Queen 
St.," &c. &c.; 7 06lober [Ibid, iv: 37], he buys of John 
Bayley of Newport, for £40, certain lands in Little Comp- 

* " His (Col. Church's) dwelling- Annawon St., near Pond St., from 50 

houfe ftood between the prefent dwell- to 75 ft. from the former. The late 

ing-houfe of Col. Richard Borden, and extenfion of the Old Colony and Fall 

that of his brother Jeflferfon, and re- River R. R. to Newport, pafles diredtlj 

mained till within 40 years." Fowler's through the premifes. [iJ/6'. letter from 

Hiji. Sketch of Fall River, p. 19 [A. D. Hon. Jefferfon Borden.] 
1841]. This was on the fouth fide of 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

ton; 30 06lober [Ibid. 100], he buys, for £4 10s. of D. 
Wilcocks of Portfmouth, John Woodman of Little Comp- 
ton, and Thomas and Roger Cory of Tiverton, lands at 
Fall-river. 

12 Jamiary^ i7o| \Ibid. 67], "Lieut. Col. Church of Tiv- 
erton, i.e. Fall River, for £3, buys of Conllant Southworth 
^ part of land for a Mill at Fall-river, with ^ of faid Fall- 
river; 16 January \Ibid. 99], he buys of Job Almy, of Tiv- 
erton, for £7 10^., "one fhare at Fall-river for a mill, &c." 

5 February^ lyof [-^- ^-99]? Col. Church w^rote to Gov- 
ernor Dudley, offering a plan for a fifth Expedition eaft; 18 
March, he was commiffioned; 4 May, received his inflruc- 
tions, and fpent moft of the fummer on this bufinefs; 29 
Nov. [i Mafs. Hijt. Coll. ix: 205 j, a Congregational 
Church was formed in Little Compton which he is believed 
to have aided to eftablilh, and of which he remained a 
confiftent member to his death. 

20 November^ 1705 \Little Compton Town Records i.]. 
Col. Church firft appears as if a refident for the fecond time 
in Little Compton, confenting to changes in the roads for 
common convenience; 11 April \B. C, D. iv: 415], he 
deeds to his fon Thomas a part of his Little Compton 
lands, with 10 cows, 100 fheep, &c.; 20 July \Ibid. v: 100], 
he deeds to " my onely natural daughter Elizabeth Rofbo- 
tham, and to my fon-in-law Capt. Jofeph Rolbotham (her 
now hufband) of Briftol," lands in that town. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

5 yune, 1706 \_L. C. T. R. i], he was chofen Reprefenta- 
tive of Little Compton for the year enfuing. 

3 February, lyof [^. C. D. v: 142], "for love, &c." he 
deeds to his fon Charles the iSth and 19th lots at Little 
Compton (that on which he built in 1674, with that adjoin- 
ing it, which, in 1688, he had fecured by exchange with 
John Roufe), with the buildings, &c. &C.5 12 April, 1707 
S^Ibid. v: 214], " for love " &c. he deeds to his fon Conftant 
(after his own deceafe), the mill fhares and mills in Tiver- 
ton, with lands in Freetown; 26 April \B. C. D.w 162], 
" for love " &c. he deeds to his fon Thomas of Briflol, his 
houfe * (after his deceafe and that of his wife), called " the 
little farm," containing 120 acres, with other lands; 7 Au- 
guft \L. C. T. R. i.], he married at Little Compton, William 
Cuthbert and Mary Head; 18 September \_L. C. T. R. i], 
the town voted him £18 7^-. out of the town rate for his 
fervices as Reprefentative. 

17 March, 1708 [Z. C. T. R. i.], he married Edward 
Southworth and Mary Fobes; 24 March \_B. C. D. v: 
343], he fold for £30, to Henry Wood, of Newport, land 
at Little Compton; May, 1708 [L. C. T. R. i.], he married 

* When he went back to Little Com- The fpot is now owned bj Mr. George 

pton in 1705, or thereabouts, he built on H. Peckham. It is a little S. of W. 

the lots which he had long owned juft from the two _ Windmills which ftand 

fouth of Avjayhojiks's | mile fquare of near together on the road from Saconet 

referved territory [fee note 12 fojl^. Point to Tiverton, and is perhaps i| 

His houfe flood back in the field; and miles S. W. in a ftraight line, from the 

the well, and traces of the cellar remain. Common. 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

John Irifh and (his fifter) Prifcilla Church; 23 June [B. C. 
D. v: 471; vii: 241], he exchanged with Thomas Burge 
of Little Compton lands valued at £40; 22 December [Z. 
C. T. R. i.], he married Amos Sheffield and Sarah . 

29 y^anuary, lyof \^B. C. D. v: 463], he buys of John 
Irifh, for £15, meadow land in Little Compton; 4 April, 
1709 [B. C. D.v. 488], at the inftance of the government, 
he exchanged fome lands in Little Compton, to accommo- 
date the Indians; 6 September [Z. C. T. R. i.], he was 
chofen in Little Compton to the Grand Jury. 

4 ymtuary, 17 10 [Z. C. T. R. i.], he married John Bailey 

and Lydia ; 16 May [/did.], he was chofen Repre- 

fentative of the town in the next General Court ; 28 
September [/did.], he married William Shaw and Content 
Irifh. 

24 December, 17 11 [/(5/<^.], he was allowed £13 \s. for 
his fervices as Reprefentative. 

25 December, 1712 \^B. C.D.xn: 462], "for love," &c. he 
deeds land in Freetown to his daughter and her hufband, 
Capt. Jofeph Rofbotham; and, fame date, [Ibid. 463] for 
£100, to the fame parties more land in Freetown. 

24 January, 17 if \L. C. T. R. i], he married Samuel 

Tompkins and Sarah ; 23 February [B. C. D.xn: 

583], for £15, he fold to his fon Thomas, of Little Comp- 
ton, lands in Tiverton; 18 March, 1713 [Z. C. T. R. i.], he 
was chofen moderator of the town meeting in Little 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

Compton; 25 September \Ibid\ he married William 
Briggs, jun., and Deborah Church; 16 November \_Ibid\ 
he married Jonathan Blackman and Sarah . 

14 January, 17 1| [B. C. D. vii: 480], "for love" &c., he 
deeds feveral valuable tracts of land in Little Compton; 
25 March, 17 14 \^Ibid. viii: 583], he buys, for £^'Ty 155. 
lands in Tiverton of Samuel and Mary Snell; 31 March 
\Ibid. viii: 582], he fells, for £24, to William Wilbor, 
lands in Little Compton; 18 November [Ibid. 583], for 
£32 los. he fells to Richard Ward and Lion Arnold of 
Newport, lands in Pocajfet. 

14 Aprils 1 7 15 \^Ibid. ix: 738], w^ith Conftant, he fells 
land in Freetow^n to Thomas Turner; 7 June \Ibid. 451], 
for £*6, he fells his fon Thomas land in Little Compton; i 
November [Z. C. T. R. i.],.he married Peter Taylor and 
Hannah Wood. During this year alfo he doubtlefs dila- 
ted to his fon Thomas his " Entertaining Paflages." 

8 April, 17 16 [Ibid.^, he married Samuel Coe and Mary 
Chadw^ick; 13 May \_Ibid.^, he married Jonathan Hilliard 
and Abigail Wilbor. 

3 March, i7iy [^B. C. D.x.: 637], he gave lands in Free- 
town to his fon Conftant, referving the right to improve 
them during his life; 20 June, 17 17 [Z. C. T. R. i.], he 
married William Wilbor and Efther Burges; 11 Septem- 
ber \^BriJlol Marriages, &c. ii: 23], "Mr. John Sampfon 
and Mrs. Elizabeth Rofbotham of this town (Briftol) were 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 



joined in marriage by Benjamin Church, Efq."; 13 Novem- 
ber [L. C. T. R. i.], he married (his laft couple) Thomas 
Tibbets and Elizabeth Wood. 



The account which was given by Dr. Stiles, on the au- 
thority of a member of the family, of the old Colonel's 
death, is as follows : — " the morning before his death, he 
went about two miles on horfeback to vifit his only [fur- 
viving?] lifter, Mrs. Irifh, to fympathize with her on the 
death of her only child. After a friendly and pious vifit, 
in a moving and affe6ling manner, he took his leave of her, 
and faid, ' It was a laft farewell ; Telling her, he was per- 
fuaded he fhould never fee her more; but hoped to meet 
her in heaven.' Returning homeward, he had not rode 
above half a mile before his horfe Humbled, and threw him 
over his head: And the Colonel being exceeding fat and 
heavy, fell with fuch force that a blood veffel was broken, 
and the blood gufhed out of his mouth like a torrent. His 
wife was foon brought to him; he tried but was unable to 
fpeak to her, and died in about twelve hours. He was car- 
ried to the grave in great funeral pomp, and was buried 
under arms, and with military honours." 



His monument — a huge flat flone laid horizontally over 
the grave, fupported by ftones under each fide and end, 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

in the graveyard adjoining the Congregational Church in 
Little Compton — ftill bears the following infcription : — 

" Here lyetli interred the [body] 

of the Honourable 

Col. Benjamin Church, Esq, 

who departed this life, January 

the 17, lyig, in y" 78 yeare of 

his age." 

The Probate Record of his Eftate, is as follows : — 

The fifth day of March Administration Granted to Madam Allice 
Church on the Estate of ColP Benja Church deceased 

[Bristol Co. Probate Records, iii : 363.] 



A true Inventory of Estate both Reall & Personall left by the 
Hon"^" ColP Benja" Church Esq"' Late of Little Compton dec"* Taken 
by us the subscribers the 5*^day tleb''^ 171 7-18 

To his Sword and Belt 05 00 00 

To a Cane & Gloves 00 12 00 

To Wearing Appai^ell 28 15 op 

To 2 Gold Rings i? & 3 pair of Buttons i? 10: o all . 02 10 00 

To one pair of Plate Buckles 00 15 00 

To one Tanker one cup one Porringer & 2 salt 
sellars plate and seven spoons all w^eighing 42 

Ounces 25 00 00 

To a Case of knives & forks 00 08 00 

To Sundry Books 02 00 00 

To land in Tiverton one Six Score acre lot & half 

being 18 a" [acres] 180 00 00 

To Two Gunns 03 00 00 

xxxviii 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

To one Bed 3 Blankets one Rug curtains and Vallence 

& two Pillows and Bedstead &c 24 oo oo 

To one other Bed Bedstead and 4 Blankets or Cover- 
lids Two Pillows and Curtains I S 00 00 

To one other Bed Bedstead Bolster & 3 Blankets . 1 2 00 00 

To 14 pair of Sheets 21 00 00 

To nine Pillow cases • 01 16 cx) 

To two Doz of napkins & Towels 03 12 00 

To 4 Table Cloathes 02 00 00 

To three Tables 03 10 00 

To one Cubboard 03 00 00 

To six Chests 02 02 00 

To seven Turkey worked chairs 04 02 00 

To 16 Wooden Chairs 02 08 00 

Puter To 21 plates i 17 o To 7 platters 3' all 04 17 00 

To II Basons i 13 00 & 3 Chamber Potts S* ... 02 01 00 

Tinn To one Collender one Cauldion & on Tea pott all . 00 03 00 

Brass To one Chaffing Dish & one warmingpan . . . . 01 10 00 

To two Kettles and one Bellmettell skillet . . . . 06 00 00 

Iron To three Potts and one Kettle 01 10 00 

To one spit 3 Andirons two pair of Tongs one fire 
shove two Trammels one hook and one frying pan 

all 02 02 00 

To 8 Keelers S pails 3 Piggins 3 Trayes & one Sugar 

Box all 02 15 00 

To 5 Cheese fatts one churn & 3 Cedar Tubs all . . 02 04 00 

To one Mealtrough & Corrill &: one Trav all . . . 00 06 00 
To 3 Bags i2f to Earthenware 6' & 13 Glass Bottles 

4' all 01 02 00 

To two Ropes 6' to 5 old Sythes 5' To 3 old Iron 

hopps & 3 Iron Boxes 8^ all 00 19 00 

To a Bettle and w'edges 6' & 3 Sythe Snaths 3' all . 00 09 00 

To 3 hones 6' one Bill hooke & 4 Axes 11' all . . . 00 17 00 
To Iron ftetters horse traces one Coller Harnes & old 

Iron 001400 

xxxix 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

One Hmmer & one square oo 08 oo 

One old Tennant Saw 2 pair of sheers & 2 p'' of Stel- 

liards 00 oS 00 

To one girdle 3 Stirupp Irons & one Lanthorn all . 00 04 00 

To three Riddle Sives 3' & 14 old Cask — i 08' all . 01 11 00 

To 25 bushells of salt 3' 15' & 2 Cheese pi'csses 8' all 04 03 00 

To 2 pair of Spinning Wheels and one pair of Cards 00 10 00 

To 2 Barrills of Beef one Barrill of Pork . . . . 05 00 00 

To nine Cows 54 00 00 

To 4 heifers 20 00 00 

To a pair of Oxen 14 00 00 

To a pair of Steers 12 00 00 

To one Bull 02 10 00 

To Seven Two Year old Cattle 21 00 00 

To a cart and Wheels 2 Yoaks 2 Chains & Clevis & 

pin 04 10 00 

Two Iron Barrs and one Sledge 01 00 00 

To Yarn and flax 03 15 00 

To about 25" weight of Cheese 04 00 00 

To 13 Bushels of Barley 02 00 00 

To 2 old Barrills and Some Beanes 00 10 00 

To Twenty Bushells of Oates 02 10 00 

To about 40 Bushells of Indian corn 08 00 00 

To one Tubb & Pork 04 00 00 

To 2 Barrills of Cider if & three empty Cask 6' . . 01 06 00 

To one sorild horfs 1 2 00 00 

To one black horfs 16 00 00 

To the Collafh with the Horfs saddle & Brydle &c . 12 00 00 

To one Bay mare 18 00 00 

To 2 old ploughs and one Brake 01 05 00 

To ten yearling Catde 15 00 00 

To 5 Swine 02 10 00 

To a looking Glass and hour Glass 00 08 06 

To 3 Scivers one pair of tongs & pair of Bellows all . 00 05 06 

To one pair of holdsters & an old Portmantle . . . 00 1 2 00 

xl 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

To about 15 pound of Butter 00 10 00 

To a Negro man Clothing and bedding &c . . . . 60 00 00 

To a Negro woman clothing & Bedding &c . . . 40 00 00 

To a Servant Boy called William Hood 10 00 00 

To John Tomlin 03 00 00 

To three rakes and Two pitch forks 00 06 00 

To an Iron Bark 01 10 00 

To a score of Sheep 06 16 00 

To a Clasp Stale pan a pair of Specticles & Inkhorn 00 09 00 

To Silver and Gold Buttons 02 02 06 

To Cash 02 18 06 

To his Right in a Small lott of land Tiverton . . . 05 00 00 

This Inventory was taken the day and year 
above written by us JOHN WOOD ^ 

THOMAS GREY > Prifers 

WILLIAAI PABODIE ) 

[Bristol Co. Probate Records, iii : 381, 382.] 



To all People to whom these presents Shall come Know Yee that 
we who are the Children of our Hon*"* ftather ColP Benjamin Church 
late of Little Compton in the County of Bristol in the Province of the 
Mafsachuset Bay in New England dec^ Who Dyed Intestate And 
that the law of this Province doth Provide that all Just Debts & funerall 
Charges shall be payd out of the Personal) Estate which will be a great 
Damage to our Hon^*^ Mother Mrs Allice Church who is Administra- 
trix to said Estate 

These are therefore to give full power and lawfull Authority to our 
above named Mother as Administratrix to our above s*^ Hon^** flathers 
Estate To Bargain Sell Alin & Dispose of all our Right Title Claime 
or Demand of one Six Score acre lot and one halfe in the Township of 
Tiverton in pocafet Purchafs the whole lot being the fourteen in num- 
ber and the half lot being the Thirteenth lot in number which lot and 
half being mentioned in the Inventory of our s** tlathers estate and is 
F xli 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

I append here fuch few fcattering genealogical fa6ls in 
reo^ard to the defcendants of Colonel Church as have come 
incidentally to my notice, — as materials for whoever may, 
at any future time, attempt to catalogue the complete 
defcent from him. 

BENJAMIN CHURCH,^ b. at Plymouth, 1639, m. 26 Dec. 1667, 
Alice South worth (b. Duxbury 1646, d. Little Compton 5 Mar. 
171I, get. 73), d. 17 Jan. i7if, at Little Compton, R.-L set. 78. They 
had (i) Thomas,- b. Duxbury, 1674, d. Little Compton, 13 Mar. 1746, 
ajt. 73; (2) Constant,'^ b. Portsmouth, R.-L 12 May, 1676, d. 26 Mar. 
1726? [A\ E. Hist. & Gen Reg. xi : 155.] (3) Benjamin,'' b. 1678 ; 
(4) Edward,^ b. 1680; (5) Charles," b. 1682, d. Bristol Jan. 1747; (6) 
Elizabeth,' b. 26 Mar. 1684; (7) Nathaniel,* b. i July 1686, d. 29 Feb. 
1687 ; (8) Martha." 

THOMAS CHURCH,-' m. first, 21 Feb. 169I, Sarah Hayman, 
had (i) Sarah,'" b. 15 Jan. 1700, d. 29 Aug. 1701 ; (2) Elizabeth," b. 
9 Sept. 1703, d. 37 Sept. 1702; (3) Thomas,'- b. 30 Aug. 1704, d. 
young; m. second, 16 April 1712 Edith, 2d dau. and 4th child of John 
and Hannah [Timberlake] Woodman [b. 7 Sept. 1685, d. 3 June 
1718], had (4) Elizabeth'■^ b. 10 Jan. 1713 ; (5) Hannah" b. 33 Sept. 
1714; (6) Priscilla,'^ b. 6 Jan. 1717, d. 15 Mar. 1744; (7) Thomas'" b. 

May 1718, d. 31 Aug. 1718; m. 1719 third., Sarah ? had (8) 

Thomas,'^ b. 31 May, 1730, d. 4 July, 1730; (9) Sarah,'* b. 15 May, 
1731 ; (10) Thomas,^" b. 13 July, 1733, d. 5 061. 1733; (11) Benja- 
min,-" b. 9 Sept. 1733, d. 37 Sept. 1733 ; (13) Mary,-^ b. 3 Jan. 1735 ; 
(13) Thomas,^- b. i Sept. 1737; (14) Benjamin,^ b. 10 Jan. 1733, d. 
4 Aug. 1749 ; (15) Mercy,-'* b. 18 Sept. 1734. 

CONSTANT CHURCH.^ [I have seen no trace of his family, if 
he had any.] 

BENJAMIN CHURCH." [It is said died unmarried.] 

EDWARD CHURCH Mived in Boston, where, before 1764, he had 
a place of business as vendue-master, on Newbury Street, " two doors 

south of the sign of the Lamb." He m. Elizabeth ? who d. 18 

xliv 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

April, 1766, £Et. 27. He had an only son Benjamin,^ who was proba- 
bly also a vendue-master, and the father of two sons (one of whom was 
Dr. Benjamin Church, of Tory memory in the Revolution), and a daugh- 
ter who m. Mr. Fleming, a stationer. 

CHARLES CHURCH « was High Sheriff of the County, and Rep- 
resentative to the General Court; m. 20 May, 1708, Mrs. Hannah 
Paine of Bristol, had (i) Constant,^ b. 12 Dec. 1708 ; (2) Elizabeth,=^ 
b. 24 Dec. 1710; (3) Hannah,-^ b. 20 Feb. 171^, d. Jan. 174I. 

ELIZABETH CHURCH,^ m. first, 1700? Capt. Joseph Ros- 
BOTHAM of Bristol, had (i) Benjamin,^® b. 21 Dec. 1701 ; (2) Alice,'^ 
b, 26 Aug. 1704 ; (3) Elizabeth,^^ b, 9 Sept. 1708 ; (4) Hannah,'^ b. 20 
June, 171 1 ; m. second, 11 Sept. 171 7, Mr. John Sampson, of Bristol, 
[d. 12 Jan. i73f]; had (5) John'^ and (6) Elizabeth,''-* (twins) b. 20 
Jan. 171I; (7) John,^ b. (at New Haven) 31 May, 1723; m. thirds 
18 June, 1739, Capt. Samuel Woodbury. 

NATHANIEL CHURCH,** [died an infant.] 

MARTHA CHURCH ^ [I find no trace of her except her signa- 
ture to the document accompanying the settlement of her father's 
estate.] 

SARAH CHURCH,i» m. 29 Apr. 1742, Samuel Bailey of Little 
Compton, had (i) William,'^'^ b. 25 Aug. 1742, m. 4 Mar. 1770, Sarah 
Briggs, d. 17 Feb. 1825 ; (2) Samuel,^^ b. 3 Jan. 1744, m. Elizabeth 
Church ; (3) Francis,^ b. 4 Oa. 1745 ; (4) Ruth,^^ ^ 24 Apr. 1747, d. 
6 Dec. 1771 ; (5) Sarah,*" b. 23 Sept. 1749, m. i Mar. 1772, John Man- 
chester ; (6) George,*^ b. 29 Apr. 1751, d. 27 Mar. 1764 ; (7) Hannah,*^ 
b. 25 July, 1760. 

MARY CHURCH,^^ m. 31 Mar. 1748, Aaron Wilbor [3d son 
and 6th child of John, who was 2d son and 3d child of William, an origi- 
nal settler], had (i) Sarah,*^ b. 25 Dec. 1748; (2) Benjamin,** b. 22 
oa. 1750 ; (3) Aaron,*'' b. June, 1753 ; (4) Francis,*** b. 4 Aug. 1755, d. 
15 June, 1844; (5) Thomas,*^ b. 23 Sept. 1756, d. 13 Sept. 1840; (6) 
John,*-^ b. 4 May, 1762. 

THOMAS CHURCH,22 m. first, 31 Jan. 1748, Ruth Bailey 
[youngest dau. and child of William, and so youngest sister of the hus- 
band of Sarah,'« b. 3 Aug. 1727, d. 31 Jan. 1771], had (i) Constant,*" 

xlv 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

b. 9 May, 1748; (3) Sarah,^« b. 13 Feb. 1750, d. 17 Nov. 1750; (3) 
Sarah,^ b. 34 May, 1751 ; (4) Elizabeth,^- ^^ 25 Dec. 1753 ; (5) Benja- 
min ; ^ (6) Mercy ,« b. Mar. 1756, d. 31 Mar. 1837 ? (7) Thomas,^^ b. 26 
Nov. 1757; (8) Obadiah,^" b. 21 Apr. 1759; (9) William,^^ b. 7 May, 
1761 ; (10) Charles,^* b. 10 Mar. 1763 ; (11) Francis,^^ b. 19 Dec. 1764 ; 
(13) Thomas,«'^ b. 3 Mar. 1767; (13) Ruth,«i b. 5 Dec. 1768; (14) 
Mary 5"^ b. 30 Jan. 1771, d. i Feb. 1771 ; m. second, Mary Richmond, 
[b. 36 Dec. 1735, 2d dau. and 8th child of William, oldest son of Sylves- 
ter] ; had (15) George,*^ b. 30 May, 1773 ; (16) Gamaliel,'^ b. i Mar. 
1775 ; (17) Mary,<« b. 13 Feb. 1777, d. 17 July, 1777. 

MERCY CHURCH,^* m. 3 Feb. 1754, Perez Richmond [4th son 
and 5th child of William, d. 1801], had (i) Sarah,*^b. 24 Aug. 1756 ; m. 
27 Apr. 1776, Job Clapp ; (2) Ruth,*^^ b. 6 Sept. 1758 ; (3) Elizabeth,'^ 
b. 9 Mar. 1760; (4) Thomas,''^ b. 5 Mar. 1764; (5) Benjamin,™ b. 11 
July, 1765 ; (6) Anna,'i b. 34 Mar. 1767 ; (7) Mary ,^2 b. 5 Apr. 1770; 
(8) Charles,''^ b. 9 July, 1773 ; (9) Hannah,^" b. 17 Dec. 1775. 

CONSTANT CHURCH,''^ m. 20 June, 1771, Kezia Briggs [3d 
dau. and child of Jeremiah, who was 4th son and child of Job, who was 
4th son and 7th child of William, b. 13 Oft. 1751, d. 17 Dec. 1818.], had 
(i) Ruth,^^ b. 19 Dec. 1771 ; (2) Sarah,^" b. 29 May, 1774; (3) Jere- 
miah Briggs,^^ b. 33 Jan. 1776; (4) Benjamin,'* b. 23 Jan. 1778, d. 20 
Sept. 1778; (5) Kezia," b. 14 Mar. 1780; (6) Charles,** b. 16 Mar. 
17S2, d. 14 Sept. 1805 ; (7) Betsey ,«i b. 17 Sept. 1784; (8) Anna,**- b. 
II Feb. 1787; (9) Constantine,*''' b. 5 Jan. 1789, d. i Nov. 1826; (10) 
Hannah, « b. 9 Oa. 1781, d. 2 Sept. 1828 ; (11) William, »^ b. 37 Apr. 
1795, d. 14 oa. 1796. 

ELIZABETH CHURCH,^- m. 33 Oct. 1774, Samuel Bailey [b. 
3 Jan. 1744, was 2d son and child of Samuel, who m. Sarah'*], had 
(i) Sarah,»« b. 31 Mar. 1775 ; (2) Cornelius,*^ b. 8 Oa. 1776 ; (3) Ben- 
jamin,«« b. 18 Aug. 1780; (4) Ruth,*" b. 26 Feb. 1782; (5) Thomas,^ 
(6) Samuel,"! (twins), b. 6 May, 1785 ; (7) George,"- b. 26 April, 1788 ; 
(8) Charles,"'^ b. 5 Apr. 1790; (9) Hannah,"* b. i June, 1794. 

CONSTANT CHURCH,^'« of Bristol, m. 35 Jan. 173I, Mary Rey- 
nolds, of Bristol, had (i) Peter,"' b. i Dec. 1737; (2) Mary,''^ b. 2 
Apr. 1740; (3) Charles,"^ b. 5 Nov. 1743. 

xlvi 



INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR. 

PETER CHURCH 9^ [as the records seem to say] m. 22 Mar. 1764, 

Mrs. Sarah Pales, of Bristol, and, for second wife, Hannah ? 

had (i) George,** b. i Apr., 1771 ; (2) William,"" b. 5 Apr. 1776; (3) 
Peter,^'* b. 26 Apr. 1791 ; (4) Hannah,'"^ b. 13 Sept, 1792. 

This Peter^'^ I suppose to be the Col. Peter, now living in Bristol, 
whose son, Captain Benjamin, corfimanding a company in the Sth Mich- 
igan V. M., was killed by a shot through the head, 16 June, 1862, while 
gallantly leading a charge upon the rebels, in the battle of James Island. 
\_Stone''s R.-I. in the Rebellion^ 298.] 

xlvii 




INTRODUCTORY NOTE. 




T had been intended to give, in this place, a 
full ftatiftical ftatement of the condition of 
New England in population, refources, towns, 
churches, minifters &c., &c., at the date of the 
breaking- out of thofe hoftilities which are commonly 
known as Philip's War; and to add a careful eftimate 
of the caufes of that ftrife, and the efFe6ls of it upon 
the Colonies. But the neceffary length of fuch a ftate- 
ment and eftimate, and the unexpe6led voluminoufnefs 
of the preceding biographical matter, compels the referva- 
tion of that hiftorical introdu6lion until the iffue of that 
remaining portion of thefe " Entertaining PafTages," which 
has efpecial reference to the Eaftern Expeditions; when it 
will be given as preliminary to thofe brief ftatements which 
may be further needful to make clear the caufes and ilTues 
of thofe later confli6ls. 

r, xlix 



INTRODUCTORY NOTE. 

Meanwhile, the reader who delires to perufe thefe ex- 
ploits and experiences of Captain Church, with the rnoft 
intelligent comprehenlion of their relation to the general 
matters of the war, and the condition of the country at that 
date, is refpe6tfully referred to the third volume of Dr. 
Palfrey's " Hiflory of New England," where [pp. 132-239], 
he will find the moft lucid, careful and truthful expolition 
of the fubje6t, which has yet been given to the prefs. 




Entertaining Paflages 

Relating to 

m)iW& WAR 

WHICH 

Began in the Month of Junc, 1675. 

AS ALSO OF 

EXPEDITIONS 

More lately made 

Againft the Common Enemy, and ^lltriail Rebels, 
in the Eaftern Parts of ^etO=([^nglantl : 

WITH 

Some Account of the Divine Providence 

TOWARDS 

Ben). Church Efqr ; 

By t. C ~^~ 

BOSTON: Printed by B. Green, in the Year, i 7 i 6. 



f 



TO TH E 



READER 



TH E fitbj eH: of this following Narrative offer- 
ing itfelf to your friendly Perufal ; relates to 
the Former ajid Later Wars of New-Eng- 
land, which I my f elf was not a little concerned 
in : For iii the Year, 1675. that tmhappy 
and bloody Indian War broke out in Plymouth Colony, where 
I was then buildiftg, and beginni?tg a Plantation, at a Place 
called by the Indians Sekonit; and fine e by the Englifh, Lit- 
tle Compton. / was the firfl Englifh Man that built up07t 
that Neck, which was full of In6ii2ins. My head and hands 
were full about Settling a New Plantation, where nothing 
was brought to ; no preparation of Dwelling Houfe, or Out- 
Houfing or Fencing made. Horfes and Cattel were to be 
provided, Groiuid to be clear' d aftd broken up ; and the utter- 

moft 



TO THE READER. 

mojl caution to be u/ed, to keep my felf free from off eliding 
fny Indian Neighbours all round about me. While I was 
thus bufily Employed, and all my Time and Strength laid 
out in this Laborious Undertaking ; I Received a Commiffion 
from the Government to engage in their Defence. And with 
my Commiffion I received another heart inclining me to put 
forth my Strength in Military Service. And through the 
Grace ofGODI ivas Spirited for that work., and Direc- 
tion in it was renewed to tne day by day. And althd' many 
of the Anions that I was concerned in, ivere very Difficult 
and Dangerous ; yet my felf and thofe that went with me 
Voluntarily in the Service, had our Lives, for the moff part, 
wonderfully preferved, by the over-ruling Hand of the Al- 
mighty, from firff to laff ; zvhich doth aloud befpeak our 
Praifes : And to declare His Wonderful Works, is our 
Lndifpenffble Duty. I was ever very fenfible of my ozvn 
Littlenefs and Unfitnefs, to be imployed in fuch Great 
Services ; but calling to mind that GOD is STRONG, / 
Endeavoured to put all my Confidence in Him, and by His 
Almighty Power zvas carried through every difficult Aflio7i : 
and my dcfire is that His Name may have the Praife. 

Lt was ever my Intent having laid my felf under a Solemn 
promife, that the many and Repeated Favours ofGOD to 
my felf and thofe with me in the Service, might be publiffied 
for Generations to come. And now my great Age requiring 
my D if miff 071 from Service in the Militia, and to put off my 
Armour ; I am willing that the Great and Glorious works 

of 



TO THE READER. 

of Almighty GOD, to us Childre^i of Meii^JJiould appear 
to the World ; and having my Minutes by me ; my Son has 
taken the care and pains to Colleft from them, the Infuing 
Narrative of many paffages relatijig to the Former and 
L ater Wars ; which I have had the perufal of and fi7id 
nothing a-mifs, as to the Truth of it ; and with as little 
Reflection upon any particular perfo7i as might be, either 
alive or dead. , 

And feeing every particle of hiflorical Truth is precious ; 
I hope the Reader will pafs a favourable Ce^ifure upon an 
Old Sozildier, telling of the ma7ty Ran-Counters he has had, 
and yet is come off alive. It is a pleafure to Remember what 
a great Number of Families in this and the Neighbouring 
Provinces in New-England did during the War, enjoy a 
great meafure of L iberty and Peace by the hazardous Sta- 
tions and Marches of thofe Engaged in Military Exercifes, 
who were a Wall unto them on this flde and on thatflde. I 
defire Prayers that I may be enabled Well to accompli/Ji my 
Spiritual Warfare, and that I may be more than Conquer- 
otir through JESUS CHRIST loving of me. 

Benjamin Church. 



[ I ] 



Entertaining Paflages 

Relating to 

^|)lltp'6 WAR^ which began in the Year, 1675, 



With the Proceedings of 



Benj. Cliurcli Efqr; 

IN the Year 1674, Mr. Benjamin Church oi Duxbury"^ 
being providentially at Plymouth in the time of the 
Court,^ fell into acquaintance with Capt. John 
Almy'^ of Rhode- IJla7id. Capt. Almy with great im- 
portunity invited him to ride with him, and view 
that part of Plymouth Colony that lay next to Rhode-IJlandy 



1 See Introdudlion, for fome account 
of the origin of this ftruggle. 

2 See Introdudlorj Memoir, for fadts 
in the early life of Mr. Church. 

3 The "Court of His Majeftie" met 
at Plymouth 4 March, 3 June, 7 July, 
and 27 Odlober, in 1674. {^Plymouth 
Colony Records, vol. v.] 

* John Almy was in Plymouth, in 
1643 ; married Mary, daughter of James 
Cole ; removed to Portfmouth, R.-I. ; 
loft a horfe in the fervice of the Rhode- 
Ifland Colony by " making great expedi- 
tion " in watching a Dutch man-of-war, 
for which in 1666 he was paid £7 ; 23 



July, 1667, was appointed "Lieftenant" 
of a "troope of horfe"; 24 July, 1671, 
was a witnefs of the articles of agree- 
ment made between the Court of New 
Plymouth and Awafhonks, Squaw- 
Sachem of Sogkonate; 14 June, 1676, 
was appointed, with Mr. Thomas Bor- 
den, to take an inventory of goods of 
Thomas Lawton ; died before Nov. 
1676, at which time Plymouth Court 
gave his widow power to adminifter on 
his eftate within the Colony jurifdiAion. 
[Savage's Gen. Did. i : 45 ; Rhode-IJl- 
and Colonial Records, ii : 184, 214, 
544; Plym. Col. Rec. v: 75, 212.] 



[ I ] 



known then by their Indian Names oiPocaJfet^ & Sogko7tate!^ 
Among other arguments to perfwade him, he told him, the 
Soil was very rich, and the Situation pleafant. Perfwades 
him by all means, to purchafe of the Company fome of the 
Court grant rights J He accepted his invitation, views the 



s Now mainly Tiverton, R.-I. ; in- 
cluding the eaftern ihore of Mount- 
Hope bay from ^uequechan river (Fall 
River) on the north to Pachet brook on 
the fouth. As to the meaning of the 
name Pocajfet, Mr. Trumbull fays, 
"A half-dozen good enough etymolo- 
gies prefent themfelves ; but as I do not 
know which is right, and have not 
much confidence in either, I let the 
name pafs." 

® Extending from Pachet brook to the 
ocean ; now mainly Little Compton, 
R.-I. Dr. Ulher Parfons fays the word 
Sogkonate is compounded of Seki^ 
" black," kojik, " goofe," and the fyl- 
lable et as a locative ; thus Scki-konk-et, 
Scconknet, Secoiiet, — equivalent to 
" black-goofe-place." \^India?i Names 
of Places in R.-I. p. 5.] But Mr. 
Trumbull fays: — "If hotick means 
goofe, why fhould an Indian prefix the 
adjedlive black, as defcriptive of the 
only goofe he knew anything about.'' 
Then Sucki does not mean ' black,' 
but 'purple,' i.e., black inclining to 
blue, as we fee it in the inner margin of 
a quahaug fhell. Then, again, the In- 
dian never made ufe of what we call 
names of places, but dej'cribed his lo- 
calities ; never calling a given fituation 
' black-filh ' or ' black-goofe,' and 
muft have violated the genius of his 
language to have done fo. Then, 



further, Sucki-honck, or its plural, Sucki- 
honck-aog, (for it is hardly probable that 
one black goofe would defignate the 
place,) can hardly have been twifted 
into Sogkonate or Saconet, or (as Pref- 
ident Stiles writes and marks the name 
in 1760) Sattconcf." "As to the real 
meaning of the word," Mr. T. adds, 
"I am troubled by the embarras de 
richejfes. It might mean Sokkaiiun-et, 
— ' the conquered territory ' ; or Sovjan- 
okquan-et, — 'at the fouth point'; or 
Sowanolikit \^Eliot, Gen. xxiv. 62 ; 
Jofh. XV. 19], — 'the fouth country'; 
either of which might eafily be corrupt- 
ed into Sauconet. And fo on." 

■^ It was a common provifion in the 
indentures of fervants in the Plymouth 
Colony, that they fliould have land af- 
figned them when their term of fervice 
expired. In 1633-4, '^"d for fuch ufe 
was fet apart in Scituate. In 1636 the 
amount of five acres was fixed upon 
as that which they were to receive. 4 
June, 1661, liberty was granted to thofe 
who were formerly fervants, who have 
land due them by covenant, to nominate 
fome perfons to be deputed in their be- 
half to purchafe a parcel of land for 
their accommodation at Saconet. Fur- 
ther order to fecure the right of thefe 
perfons to take up land at Saconet was 
made by the Court, 7 June, 1665. 4 
July, 1673, the following Court order was 



[ I ] 

Country, & was pleafed with it; makes a purchafe,^ fettled 



pafled : — " Whereas there is a tradte of 
land graunted to the old fervants, or fuch 
of them as are not elfewhere fuppljed, 
Ijing att Saconett, the Court doe de- 
termine the bounds thereof to be from 
the bounds of the graunt made to Plym- 
outh att Punckateefett and the bounds 
of Dartmouth, and foe all lands fouth- 
erly Iving between that and the fea ; the 
Court haue likewife giuen them order, 
or fuch as thej Ihall appoint, to make 
purchafe thereof in theire behalfe as oc- 
cation fhall require, and that all fuch 
p'fons as haue right vnto the faid graunt 
as old fervants att Saconett fhall make 
their appeerance att Plymouth on the 
twenty fecond of this p'fent July, then 
and theire to make out theire right, and 
alfoe pay fuch disburfments as fhall nef- 
fefarily be required, or otherwife loofe 
theire right." 

Agreeably to this order the following 
29 perfons appeared at Plymouth, on 



faid 22 July, viz : Jofiah Winflow, 
Efq. ; Mr. Conftant Southworth ; Dan- 
iel Willcox; Hugh Cole (in right of 
James Cole, fen.) ; Nicolas Wade and 
John Cufliing, both in right of faid 
Nicolas Wade ; Thomas Williams ; 
Benjamitt Church (in right of Richard 
Bifhop and alfo in right of Richard 
Beare) ; John Roufe, jr. (in right of 
Samuel Chandler) ; William Sherman, 
fen. ; Jofeph Church (in right of John 
Smalley, and alfo in right of George 
Vicory) ; John Rogers, jun. (in right 
of William Tubbs) ; William Merrick ; 
Martha Dean (in right of Joseph Bee- 
die) ; Simon Roufe (in right of John 
Roufe, fen.) ; William Pabodie (in right 
of Abraham Samfon) ; Edward Fobes 
(in right of John Fobes) ; John Irilb, 
jun. (in right of John Irifh, fen.) ; 
Peter Colomore ; Daniel Hayward (in 
right of John HayAvard, fen.) ; Jofiah 
Cook ; John Wafhburne, fen., " as a 



^ Firft iffued in 1716, and probably 
dictated by Col. Church to his fon 
Thomas not long before that time, it 
will not feem furprifing that flight in- 
accuracies fliould occafionally be found 
in this narrative of what took place 
more than 40 years before. There is 
fome evident confufion here. The orig- 
inal MS. Proprietors' Records prove 
that Church had bought the rights of 
Richard Bilhop and Richard Beare to 
Saconet previous to 22 July, 1673 ; a 
courfe which he here feems to reprefent 
himfelf as taking in the following year. 



on Capt. Almy's urgency. Unlefs the 
meeting of court to which he refers (fee 
note 3) was the firft for that year, he 
muft not only have purchafed thefe 
rights, but have received his aflignment 
of lots No. 19 and No. 29, before the 
viewing the country here referred to. 
I think, in point of fatJt, he bought 
the rights on fpeculation, and went down 
with Capt. Almy to look at his two 
lots, and liked them fo well as to con- 
clude to fettle upon them; but became 
confufed in his memory of the order of 
events. 



[ I ] 

a Farm, found the Gentlemen of the Ifland^ very Civil & 
obliging. And being himfelf a Perfon of uncommon 



freeman " ; Thomas Pope ; John Rich- 
mond (in right of John Price) ; Walter 
Woodworth (in right of Thomas Si- 
mons) ; Nathaniel Thomas (in right of 
Nicolas Preflong) ; Ephraim Tinkham ; 
Thomas Pinfon; and William Shirt- 
life. They "proved their rights," and 
agreed, — 

1. That all were equal proprietors 
of the granted premifes, " that is to fay, 
to have and pay alike, according to 
each man's proportion." 

2. That all lands on their grant at 
Saconet that fliall any way become 
alienated from the Indians, and appro- 
priated to the EnglilTi, " fhall belong and 
be to the aforefaid proprietors." 

3. That one equal (hare (hall be ap- 
propriated " to the ufe of the miniftry, 
and fo to remain fucceflively forever." 

4. That no perfon fhall appropriate 
to himfelf more than tivo /hares at Sa- 
conet, on penalty of forfeiture to the 
company of all fuch overplus. 

5. That no proprietor Iball alienate 
any of his land to one " not related to 
him by affinity or blood," without con- 
fent of the major part of the company, 
or their committee. 

6. That any proprietor not paying, 
by the laft of Oftober next, for his part 
of what might have been purchafed by 
the laft of September next, with his 
proportion of charges, fhall forfeit his 
fhare to the other proprietors. 



7. That at any meeting of the com- 
pany duly warned, the major part of 
them that fhall appear fhall have full 
power to adl for all, except to difpofe 
of any of the lands. 

8. That William Pabodie fhall be 
their clerk. 

9. That Mr. Conftant Southworth, 
William Pabodie, and Nathaniel Thom- 
as, fhall be a committee to adl for them 
in purchafing of the Indians, calling 
meetings, " and fuch other occafions as 
may concern." 

Having now authority to extinguifh 
the Indians' titles at Saconet, the Com- 
mittee proceeded to the work; 31 July, 
purchafing of Awafhonks, Squaw-Sa- 
chem, for £75, the land from Pachet 
brook on the north, to a landing-place 
called Toot/ios, and a white-oak tree in 
Tompe fwamp (in the range of what is 
now called Taylor's Lane — fee map), 
on the Ibuth ; with a depth, from the bay 
on the weft, of one mile inland. There 
feems, however, to have been a queftion 
of ownerfhip long unfettled among the 
Indians ; for in 1662 \^Plym. Col. Rec. iv : 
16] Tatacomuncah, and a Squaw-Sa- 
chem called Namumpam (Weetamoe, 
of Pocaffet) came to Plymouth with 
complaints againft Wamfutta, for fell- 
ing Saconet neck, which was claimed 
by them. So, to make a fure thing of 
it, the Committee, i Nov. 1673, re- 
purchafed of Mamanuah (who could 



9 The ifland of Rhode-Ifland; in plain fight acrofs the " Eaft PafTage." 

4 



[ ^ ] 

Activity and Induftry, he foon ere6led two buildings upon 
his Farm, and gain'd a good acquaintance with the 
Natives: got much into their favour, and was in a Httle 
time in great efleem among them. 

The next Spring advancing,^*^ while Mr. Church was dili- 
gently Settling his new Farm, flocking, leafing & difpofing 
of his Affairs, and had a fine profpeft of doing no fmall 
things; and hoping that his good fuccefs would be inviting 
unto other good Men to become his Neighbours; Behold! 
the rumour of a War between the EngliJJi and the Na- 
tives gave check to his proje6ls. People began to be very 
jealous of the Indimis, and indeed they had no fmall reafon 
to fufpe6t that they had form'd a defign of War upon the 
E^igliJJi}^ Mr. Church had it daily fuggefled to him that 
the Indians were plotting a bloody defign. That Philip 
the great Mount-hope Sachem was Leader therein: and 
fo it prov'd, he was fending his MefTengers to all [2] the 

fhow an agreement, of date ii Mar. the whole number. Benjamin Church 

1672, from his brothers Ofomehew and drew Nos. 19 and 29. \^Plym. Col, 

Pofotoquo, and from Pacuftcheft, Num- Rcc. i: 23, 44; iii : 316; iv: 97; v: 

pouce, and Joham, who were " nearly 125. Original MS. Records of the 

related," empowering him to fell), Ofo- Proprietors of Saconet.~\ 

mehew, Suckqua, and Anumpafh, for ^'^ The fpring of 1675, foon after 

£35, the fame territory, with a fmall the murder of Saflamon. 

addition. n The many friendly and Chriftian 

10 April, 1674, the company met Indians in their intercourfe with their 

at Duxbury, divided this land into 32 favage acquaintances came to the knowl- 

ftiares, and drew lots for them. There edge of many fufpicious circumftances, 

were 29 proprietors ; Benjamin Church and it was their teftimony as well as 

and his brother Jofeph had each a double what the fettlers themfelves obferved, 

right, and the loth lot was agreed upon which now began to excite their solici- 

as to be "the minifter's lot"; making tude for the future. 



[ 2 ] 

Neighbouring Sachems, to ingage them in a Confederacy 
with him in the War. 

Among the reft he fent Six Men to AwaJ]io7iks Squaw- 
Sachem of the Sogkonate Indians/^ to engage her in his 
Interefts: AwaJIionks fo far Hftened unto them as to call 
her Subje6ls together, to make a great Dance, which is 
the cuftom of that Nation when they advife about Mo- 
mentous Aftairs. But what does Awajlw^iks do, but fends 
away two of her Men that well underftood the EngliJJi 
Language {Sajfamon and George^^ by Name) to invite Mr. 



i'^ A-i-vaJkotiks firft appears 24 July, 
1671, when Ihe agrees with Plymouth 
Court to fubmit herfelf and her people, 
and to give up their arms. In Auguft 
following (he affixed her mark to a letter 
written to Gov. Prince in reference to 
this agreement. 20 June, 1672, Ihe 
agreed to fet off fome land in mortgage 
to Plymouth Court, in fatisfa<5lion of a 
debt due to Mr. John Almj. 7 May, 
1673, fhe is named among Sachems to 
be treated with by the Rhode-Illand 
Affembly " to confult and agree of fome 
way to prevent the extreme excefs of 
the Indians' drunkennefs." 31 July, 
1673, fhe fold a large portion of the ter- 
ritory claimed by her, to the committee 
of Saconet proprietors. 7 July, 1674, 
fhe is complained of at Plymouth Court 
by Mamanuah, " Chieffe propriator of 
the lands of Saconett," for " forcably 
detaining" fome of his land, and hinder- 
ing him from giving pofTefTion of it to 
the Englifli to whom he had fold the 
fame ; and their refpedtive rights to the 
land were made the fubjeifl of jury trial. 



to her difcomfiture. 29 May, 1675, 
fhe had three quarters of a mile fquare 
fet off to her by the Saconet proprietors, 
on the fhore immediately fouth of the 
fouth line of their firfl: purchafe. In 
July, 1683, Ihe, her daughter Betty, and 
her fon Peter, were examined at Plym- 
outh Court on fufpicion of having 
murdered a child of faid Betty; but 
were difmiffed for want of proof. Her 
husband's name was Wetvayevjttt. She 
had, befides Peter and Betty above 
named, a fon, William Mommyneivit, 
who "was put to Grammar fchool and 
learned Latin, defigned for college, but 
was feized with the palfy." [Drake's 
Book of the Indians, 250; I Mafs. 
Hijl. Coll. x: 114; R.-I. Col. Rec. ii : 
4S7; Plym. Col. Rec. v: 75; vi : 113; 
vii : 191. AIS. Rec. Prop. Saconet.'] 

^^ Sajfamoti (^Saujaman) was one of 
the forty-tAvo Saconet Indians, who, 24 
July, 167 1, figned a paper approving the 
lubmifTion which Azvajhonks had made. 
George proved himfelf a friend to the 
Englifh. [Drake's Indian Biog., 250.] 



[ 2 ] 



Church to the Dance. Mr. Church upon the Invitation, 
immediately^* takes with him Charles Hazelto7t^^ his Ten- 
nants Son, who well underflood the Indiaii Language, and 
rid down to the Place appointed: Where they found 
hundreds of Ijidians gathered together from all Parts of 
her Dominion. AwaJIionks her felf in a foaming Sweat was 
leading the Dance. But fhe was no fooner fenfible of Mr. 
Churches arrival, but fhe broke off, fat down, calls her 
Nobles round her, orders Mr. Church to be invited into 
her prefence. Complements being paft, and each one tak- 
ing Seats. She told him. King Philip had fent Six Men 
of his with two of her People that had been over at 
Mount-hope}'^ to draw her into a confederacy with him in 



1* It would feem to be fettled bj what 
follows, that this was in the early part of 
the week preceding the firft outbreak, 
which would afTign it to 14-17 June, 
1675. Blifs {_HtJi. Rehoboth, 75] fays 
it was on the 15th. 

15 I find no trace of this name in the 
Plymouth Colony at this date. There 
was a Charles Hazelton at Ipfwich, 
1661-6. Probably this "Tennant" 
might have come from Rhode-Illand. 
A "Charles Haftleton" was Grand 
Juror at a Qiiarter Seflions held at Roch- 
efter, for Rhode-Illand and Providence 
Plantations, in September, 1688. [Sav- 
age's Gen. Did. ii : 395 ; R.-I. Col. 
Rec. iii : 243.] 

1** Mount-Hope was the eafy and in- 
evitable Anglicifm of Alontop {Mon- 
taup), which was the Indian name of the 
hill on the eaftern fhore of what is 
now Briftol, R.-I., fronting Tiverton. 



Mount-Hope neck included the land 
running down into the bay, fhaped 
by Kikemuit river on the eaft and 
north, and Warren (or Sotvams') river 
on the weft; being fome nine miles in 
length by from two miles to one in 
width, including the prefent towns of 
Warren and Briftol, R.-I. On this 
neck were then three Indian villages, — 
Montaup., near the hill ; Kikemuit., 
around the fpring of that name ; and 
Sorvams, on the fpot where the village 
of Warren now ftands. Sotvams was 
the chief feat of MalTafoit ; Philip feems 
to have more identified himfelf with 
Montaup. [Feffenden's Warreti, R.-I. 
13. 27, 65.] 

The name Montop (^Montaup is better 
Indian), Mr. Trumbull fays, has pof- 
fibly loft an initial fyllable. Ontop, or 
Ontaup, in compound words, means 
" head," " fummit." If the name, as 



[ 2 ] 

a War with the Englifh. Defirlng him to give her his ad- 
vice in the cafe, and to tell her the Truth whether the 
Umpame^'^ Men (as Philip had told her) were gathering a 
great Army to invade Philips Country. He allured her 
he would tell her the Truth, and give her his befl advice. 
Then he told her twas but a few days fince he came from 
Plymouth^ and the EngliJJi were then making no Prepara- 
tions for War; That he was in Company with the Prin- 
cipal Gentlemen of the Government, who had no Dif- 
courfe at all about War; and he believ'd no tho'ts about 
it^^ He ask'd her whether fhe tho't he would have 
brought up his Goods to Settle in that Place, if he ap- 
prehended an entering into War with fo near a Neigh- 
bour. She feem'd to be fome-what convin'd by his talk, 
and faid fhe believ'd he fpoke the Truth. 

Then fhe called for the Mount-hope Men : Who made a 
formidable appearance, with their Faces Painted, and their 
Hair Trim'd up in Comb-fafhion, with their Powder- 



written, nearly reprefents the Indian, iscalledftillby the natives of il/<z^//^e." 

it is unqueftionablj derived from mooi^ [2 Mafs. Hijl. Coll. iii : 175.] 
"black" (or dark-colored), and otitup, i** This was true. The authorities 

"head"; inoo-ontop, "black head"; — were very flow to believe in the danger 

as rvompont-up (ufed by Eliot, with the of an Indian uprifing, even after they 

participial aflix, as in Levit. xix. 32), had been warned by friendly Indians, 

for " white head," " hoary head." One and were witnefs to fome of Philip's 

may readily fuppofe that, when this fufpicious movements. The Governor 

beautiful fummit was thickly wooded, ordered a military watch to be kept up 

this name would be a natural one among in every town, but took no other notice 

the Indians for it. of the condud; of the Indians, hoping 

^' " Umpaine, written Apautn in the that the ftorm would blow over, as it 

Colony Records, is the name of Plym- had feveral times done before. \_Gov^ 

outh in Church's Hiftory; and fo it ernors of New Plymouth., 182.] 



[3 ] 

horns, and Shot-bags at their backs; which among that 
Nation is the pofture and figure of preparednefs for War. 
She told Mr. Church, thefe were the Perfons that had 
brought her the Report of the EngliJJi preparation for 
War: And then told them what Mr. Church had faid in 
anfwer to it. 

Upon this began a warm talk among the Indians, but 
'twas foon quafh'd, and Awa/Jionks proceeded to tell Mr. 
Church, that Philips Meffage to her was, that unlefs fhe 
would forth-with enter into a confederacy with him in a 
War againfl the E^igliJIi, he would fend his Men over 
privately, to kill the EngliJJi Cattel, and burn their Houfes 
on that fide the River, which would provoke the EngliJJi 
to fall upon her, whom they would without doubt fup- [3] 
pofe the author of the Mifchief Mr. CJiurcJi told her 
he was forry to fee fo threatning an afpeft of Affairs; and 
fleping to the Mount-Jiopes, he felt of their bags, and find- 
ing them filled with Bullets, ask'd them what those Bul- 
lets were for: They fcoffingly reply'd to fhoot Pigeons 
with. 

Then Mr. CJiurcJi turn'd to AwaJJionJzs, and told her, 
if PJiilip were refolv'd to make War, her beft way would 
be to knock thofe Six Momit-Jiopes on the head, and fhelter 
her felf under the Prote6tion of the EngliJJi : upon which 
the Mount-Jwpes were for the prefent Dumb. But thofe 
two of AwaJJionJ^s Men who had been at Mount-Jiope ex- 
prefs'd themfelves in a furious manner againft his advice. 
2 9 



[3 ] 

And Little Eyes^^ one of the Queens Council joyn'd with 
them, and urged Mr. Church to go afide with him among 
the bufhes that he might have fome private Difcourfe 
with him, which other Indians immediately forbid being 
fenfible of his ill defign: but the Indians began to fide 
and grow very warm. Mr. Church with undaunted Cour- 
age told the Mou7tt-hopes they were bloody wretches, and 
thirfted after the blood of their EngliJJi Neighbours, who 
had never injur'd them, but had always abounded in their 
kindnefs to them. That for his own part, tho' he delired 
nothing more than Peace, yet if nothing but War would 
fatisfie them, he believed he fhould prove a fharp thorne in 
their fides; Bid the Company obferve thofe Men that 
were of fuch bloody dispofitions, whether Providence 
would fuffer them to Live to fee the event of the War, 
which others more Peaceably difpofed might do. 

Then he told AwaJJwnks he thought it might be moft 
advifable for her to fend to the Governour of Plymouth^ 
and fhelter her felf, and People under his Prote6tion. She 
lik'd his advice, and defired him to go on her behalf to 
the PlymotUh Government, which he confented to : And at 

1^ Little Eyes with his family deferted 1673, and Jofias Winflow was chofen 
the Saconets when they made friends his fucceflbr in the following June. He 
with Plymouth. He was taken prifoner was the only fon of the firft Governor 
during the progrefs of the war, when Winflow by his fecond marriage; in 
Capt. Church was urged to take revenge 1652, had military command in Marfh- 
for the hoftility here difplayed, but re- field ; 1658, was Major, then Command- 
plied that "it was not Englifhmen's falli- er; 1675, General-in-Chief againft 
ion to feek revenge," and gave him the Philip. \_Govs. New Plym. 175-196; 
fame good quarter with the reft. N. R. Hijl. and Gen. Reg. iv : 297.] 

'^'^ Gov. Prince died in the fpring of 



[3 ] 

parting advifed her what ever fhe did, not to defert the 
Englijli Interefl, to joyn with her Neighbours in a Rebel- 
lion which would certainly prove fatal to her. [He 
mov'd none of his Goods from his Houfe that there might 
not be the leaft umbrage from such an A6lion.] She 
thank'd him for his advice, and fent two of her Men to 
guard him to his Houfe ;^^ which when they came there, 
urged him to take care to fecure his Goods, which he re- 
fufed for the reafons before mentioned. But delired the 
Indiaiis^ that if what they feared, fhould happen, they 
would take care of what he left, and diredled them to a 
Place in the woods where they fhould difpofe them; 
which they faithfully obferved. 

He took his leave of his guard, and bid them tell their 
Miftrefs, if fhe continued fteady in her dependence on the 
Englijh, and kept within her own limits of Sogkonate^ he 
would fee her again quickly; and then haftned away to 
Pocajfet^ where he met with Peter Nunmdt^'^ the Husband 

21 Situated on lot No. 19, which was examination of the Proprietors' and 
629 rods fouth of Pachet brook; be- early town records, and of the original 
ing the farm in Little Compton now deeds from the Indians, I think that 
owned and occupied by Mr. John B. Awallionks's territories centered about 
Rowland, on the weft fide of the road, Tompe fwamp, — lying along the weft- 
— oppofite to the fchool-houfe, — nearly ern Ihore of the peninfula of Saconet, 
two miles fouth of the prefent Tiverton from the fouth fide of " Windmill hill " 
line. to what is now the Breakwater. 

22 It is difficult to make out the ex- 23 "YhAS Indian's name was Petono-Mo- 
a6l limits of the fmall Sachemdoms -wet, or Pe-tan-a-nuct, which the Eng- 
which divided between them what is lifh corrupted eafily into Pf^criVwwww//'. 
now Little Compton and Tiverton, 8 May, 1673, he, with two other In- 
R.-I. It is doubtful if thofe limits were dians, fold a lot of land in Swanfey to 
ever very well defined. But from an Nathaniel Paine and Hugh Cole, for 



[4] 



of the Queen of Pocaffet^'^ who was juft then come over 
in a Canoo from Motint-Jwpe. Peter told him that there 
would certainly be War; for PJiilip had held a [4] Dance 
of feveral Weeks continuance, and had entertain'd the 
Young Men from all Parts of the Country: And added 
that Philip expe6led to be fcnt for to Plymouth to be exam- 
ined about Safamoii^^'^^ death, who was Murder'd at AJfa- 



^35 S-^* ^Is was, about the fame time, 
a witnefs in regard to a land cafe on 
Taunton river. In Philip's war he for- 
fook his wife and fought with the Eng- 
Hfh. In 1676 (ordered by the Council, 
22 July, and confirmed by the Court, 
I November) he, with Numpas and 
Ifacke, was made infpeftor of Indian 
prifoners who had applied "for accept- 
ence to mercye " from " the weftermoft 
fyde of Sepecan Riuer, and foe weft- 
ward to Dartmouth bounds." He was 
then ftyled Sachem Bc7i Petananuctt. 
[Drake's Book of Ind. i8S; Plym. Col. 
Rec. v: 210, 215.] 

^* This was Weefamoe, (or Namiim- 
pam), who had been the wife of Philip's 
elder brother WamJ'ittta, or Alexander. 
The author of the Old Ifidian Chron- 
icle [p. 8] intimates that fhe believed 
her husband had been poifoned by the 
Englifh, and that this made her more 
willing to liften to Philip. In 0(5tober, 
1659, ^^ ■^^^s at Plymouth to fecure the 
third part of the pay for fome land which 
Alexander had fold ; and acknowledged 
the receipt of the fame. 3 June, 1662, 
fhe complained, at Plymouth, of fome 
infringement on her rights in Wamfut- 
ta's fale of Saconet. At the fame time 
advice was given to her and her huf- 



band, Alexander, (here called ^uiquc- 
quanchctt,) in reference to difficulties 
exifting between them and Philip in 
regard to the entertaining of fome Nar- 
raganfett Indians againft Philip's good- 
will. Weetamoe did not follow her fec- 
ond husband, as he appears to have ex- 
pe6ted fhe would, to the Englilb. She 
united her fortunes to thofe of Philip, 
and miferably perifhed, when her head 
was cut off and fet on a pole at Taun- 
ton. [Drake's Book of Ind. 187; Plym. 
Col. Rec. iv: 17, 24, 186.] 

^^ Saffanion (or Wujfaufmoti) was born 
in the neighborhood of Dorchefter, be- 
came a convert and was educated, and 
employed as a fchoolmafter at Natick, 
and is faid to have aided John Eliot in 
tranflating the Indian Bible. Aftef a 
time he left the Englilh and became 
Philip's fecretary, and, as fuch, privy to 
his defigns. Subfequently he returned 
to his Chriftian faith, and became teach- 
er to the Nemaskets, whofe chief, Wa- 
tufpaquin, gave him a houfe-lot in Af- 
fawompfett neck (Middleborough), with 
one alfo to his fon-in-law. He revealed 
Philip's plot to the government at Plym- 
outh, and not long after (29 Jan. 
1674-5) w^s found dead, under the ice 
on Affawompfett pond, with marks of 



[4] 



womJe^-Fonds ',^^ knowing himfelf guilty of contriving that 
Murder. The fame Pe/er told him that he faw Mr. James 
Brow7i^' of Swanzey^^ and Mr. Samuel Gortoii^ who was 
an Interpreter, and two other Men who brought a Letter 
from the Governour of Plymouth to Philip. He obferv'd 
to him further, that the Young Men were very eager to 
begin the War, and would fain have kill'd Mr. Brozvn, but 
Philip prevented it; telling them, that his Father had 
charged him to Ihew kindnefs to Mr. Brown.^ In fhort, 



violence. Three Indians were tried and 
executed for his murder, there being 
little doubt that it had occurred by 
Philip's command. [Mather's Rclatioji, 
74; Hubbard's Narrative., 14; N. E. 
Hiji. and Gen. Reg. xv : 43, 149.] 

'^ AJfawomffctt (^So-Mamfijit, Sotvam- 
fef) fo7id is, with its conne(5ling ponds, 
the largeft fheet of water in Plymouth 
County not merely, but in Maflachu- 
fetts ; being fome fix miles long by a 
width varying from four miles to a few 
rods. It lies partly in Rochefter, more in 
Middleborough, moft in the new town 
of Lakeville. Prefident Stiles, on the 
authority' of "Jonathan Butterworth, cet. 
63, of Rehoboth," in 1762, fays that 
" Aflawampfett is fo called from a place 
or patch of beech-trees, called in Indian 
fa-cvamfs; so AJ/a7vafnf/ctt, Satvainp- 
Jctt, both names of the fame place." 
But he adds, " Sotvampjit fignifies ' a 
/mall pond cticompajfcd ivith trees ' ; 
fovjamps.,'- beech-trees'" ; and putting both 
together, fignifies a pond of xvater -Mt'tk 
beech-trees groxvirtg around it." Mr. 
Trumbull comments, " I don't believe 
a word of this ; but as Prefident Stiles is 



refpedlable authority, and Butterworth 
can't be impeached, I give it, for what 
it is worth. Sozvams, Sotvamps (' Savj- 
hatnes bay.^ Winthrop's yourttal, ii : 
121, note) is the fignificant word; the 
ct marking the locative." 

2" James Brown was born probably in 
England; was the fon of John, eminent 
in the Colony, being feventeen years 
Affiftant and many years Commiflioner 
of the United Colonies. James was alfo 
Affiftant in various years from 1665 to 
1684. He died at Wannamoi/'ctt, in 
Swanfey, 29 Odt. 1710, aged 87, leav- 
ing two fons, James and Jabez, and one 
daughter, Dorothy Kent. [Baylies's 
Plym. Col. iv: iS; Blifs's Rehoboth, 

53> 75. 78.] 

28 Swanfey then included Somerfet, 
Mafs., and Barrington, R.-I., with a 
portion of Warren, R.-I., befides the 
prefent town of Swanfey. [Blifs's Re- 
hoboth, I.] 

29 The man of that name famous in 
the early controverfies of New Eng- 
land. 

*^ Mr. John Brown, father of this 
Mr. Brown, was a man of great kind- 



13 



[4] 

Philip was forc'd to promife them that on the next Lords- 
Day when the EngliJJt were gone to Meeting they fhould 
rifle their Houfes, and from that time forward kill their 
Cattel. 

Peter delir'd Mr. Church to go and fee his Wife, who 
was but up the hill;^^ he went and found but few of her 
People with her. She faid they were all gone, againft her 
Will to the Dances; and flie much fear'd there would be a 
War. Mr. Church advis'd her to go to the Ifland^^ and 
fecure her felf, and thofe that were with her; and fend to 
the Governour oi Plymouth who flie knew was her friend; 
and fo left her, refolving to haften to Plymouth, and wait 
on the Governour: and he was fo expeditious that he 
was with the Governour early next Morning,^ tho' he 
waited on fome of the Magifl;rates by the way, who 
were of the Council of War,^* and alio met him at the 

nefs of heart, a friend of toleration, ^- Rhode-Ifland. 

and the firft of the Plymouth magif- ^^ The diftance — making allowance 

trates who doubted the expediency of for the indiredlnefs of the Indian paths — 

coercing the people to fupport the min- could not have been lefs, probably, than 

iftry. Thefe qualities would naturally forty-two miles from Pocaflet, and nearly 

endear him to Maflafoit, to whom he fifty from Church's houfe at Saconet. 

was a neighbor, and lead that good old The date of his arrival was Wednefday, 

chief to give the charge which Philip i6 June, 1675. \_N. E. Hijl. and Gen. 

mentions, in reference to his family. Reg. -sx : 260.] 

Mr. James Brown, indeed, feems to ^ The Council of War was a body 
have inherited his father's difpofition, which was empowered to adl fpecially 
and it was at his urgent folicitation that on military queftions, and was compofed 
this letter was fent to promote peace, of the Governor and Affiftants ex officio., 
[Blifs's /?c//<J(!'(?/'//, 75.] and of others fpecially appointed. The 
3^ Tiverton heights, which the upper laft record of election previous to Phil- 
road to Fall River climbs almoft imme- ip's war was, 7 July, 1671, when Capt. 
diately after leaving the Stone bridge. Mathew Fuller, Leift. Ephraim Mor- 

14 



[4 ] 



Governours. He gave them an account of his obferva- 
tions and difcoveries, which confirmed their former intel- 
ligences, and haftned their preparation for Defence. 

Philip according to his promife to his People, permitted 
them to March out of the Neck^ on the next Lords- 
Day,^ when they plundred the neareft Houfes^" that the 
Inhabitants had deferted:^ but as yet offer'd no violence 
to the People, at left none were killed. However the 
alarm was given by their Numbers, and hoftile-Equipage, 
and by the Prey they made of what they could find in the 
forfaken Houfes. 

An exprefs came the fame day^ to the Governour, who 
immediately gave orders to the Captains of the Towns to 



ton, Enfign Mark Eames, Cornett Rob- 
ert Studfon, Mr. Jofias Winflow, fen., 
Sec. Nathaniel Morton, and Meffrs. 
James Walker, Thomas Huckens, and 
Ifacke Chettenden, were chofen by the 
Court, and fvvorn. \_Plym. Col. Rcc. v : 

73-] 

^ The narrow ftrip between Kike- 
muit and Warren rivers, by which the 
peninfula of Mount-Hope, or Pock- 
anocket, was joined to the main-land 
at Swanfey. 

36 20 June, 1675. [Trumbull's Hijl. 
Cotm. I : 327.] 

^ Thefe were probably the houfes 
which Judge Davis refers to where he 
fays, "There was a fettlement within 
Mount-Hope neck appertaining to 
Swanfey. It contained eighteen houfes, 
all deftroyed." [Davis's Morton's Me- 
morial, 463.] This was in the north- 
ern part of what is now Warren, R.-I. 



^ " Tenantlefs for the time, in con- 
fequence of their occupants being ab- 
fent at church." [Feflenden's Warren, 
66.] Mr. Drake fuggefts \_Notes on the 
Indian Wars in N. E., in N. E. Hi/I. 
and Gen. Reg. xv : 154], on the author- 
ity of Winflow's and Hinckley's Nar- 
rative of the Beffinning and Progrejs 
of the Prefent Troubles, that the people 
had deferted them through fear. 

^^ The melTenger reached Plymouth 
at " break of day," Monday morning. 
[Barry's Ma/s. i : 410.] Befides fend- 
ing expreffes to the Captains of the 
towns, the Court, on Tuefday, ifTued a 
proclamation for a faft on the next 
Thurfday. That proclamation was as 
follows [Blifs's Rehoboth, 79] : — 

" The Council of this Colony, taking 
"into their feriousconfideration the awe- 
" ful hand of God upon us, in permitting 
" the heathen to carry it with infolency 



15 



[4 ] 



March the greateft Part of their Companies, and to ran- 
dezvous at Taunton, on Moitday Night, where Major Brad- 
ford'^ was to receive them, and difpofe them under Capt. 
(now made Major) Cutwortk^^ of Situate. The Govern- 



" and rage againft us, appearing in their 
"great hoftile preparations, and alfo 
" fome outrageous carriages, as at other 
" times, fo in fpecial, the laft Lord's 
" day to fome of our neighbours at 
" Swanfej, to the apparent hazard if 
" not real lofs of the lives of fome al- 
" ready; do therefore judge it a folemn 
" duty, incumbent upon us all, to lay to 
" heart this difpenfation of God, and 
" do therefore commend it to all the 
" churches, minifters, and people of this 
" colony to fet apart the 24"" day of this 
" inftant, June, which is the 5"" day of 
" this week, wherein to humble our 
" felves before the Lord for all thofe 
" fins whereby we have provoked our 
" good God fadly to interrupt our peace 
" and comfort, and alfo humbly to feek 
" his face and favour in the gracious 
" continuance of our peace and privi- 
" leges, and that the Lord would be en- 
" treated to go forth with our forces, 
'* and blefs, fucceed and profper them, 
" delivering them from the hands of his 
" and our enemies, fubduing the heathen 
"before them, and returning them all 
" in fafety to their families and relations 
"again; and that God would prepare 
" all our hearts humbly to fubmit to his 
" good pleafure concerning us. 

" By orders of the Court of N. P. 
" Nathaniel Morton, Secretary. 
" Plymouth, June 22, 1675." 

Befides the 12 churches and min- 
ifters of the " Standing Order," there 



was then one Baptift church, formed in 
Rehoboth in 1663, of which Rev. John 
Myles was Paftor, to accommodate 
which with a place "where they might 
not prejudice any exifting church," 
they had been incorporated, in 1667, as 
the town of Swanfey. This, of courfe, 
was the neareft church to the fcene of 
the breaking out of Philip's war, and it 
was, doubtlefs, to their meeting-houfe 
— which ftood a few rods fouth of the 
fouth line of Rehoboth, on the road 
leading to the houfe of the late Mr. 
Squire Allen, about fifteen or twenty 
rods from the main road leading from 
Warren to Seekonk and Providence — 
that the fettlers had gone, on Lord's Day, 
June 20, when their houfes were plun- 
dered by the Indians in the firft allault. 
\_BaptiJt Memorial^ iv : 227.] 

*^ William Bradford^ fecond fon of 
Gov. William, of imperilhable mem- 
ory, was born 17 June, 1624, and was, 
next to Miles Standifh, a chief foldLer of 
the Colony. He was Afllftant Treafurer 
and Deputy Governor from 16S2 to 
16S6, and from 1689 to 1691, and in the 
latter year one of the Council of Mafla- 
chufetts. He married (i) Alice Rich- 
ards, (2) Widow Wifwall, (3) Widow 
Holmes ; lived in what is now Kingfton, 
on the fouth fide of Jones's river, and 
died 20 Feb. 1703-4, aged nearly So. 
{^N. E. Hiji. and Gen. Reg. iv : 45.] 

''I yatnes Cicdxvorth was in Scituate 
in 1634, lived for a time in Barnftable, 



16 



[5 ] 

our defired Mr. Church to give them his Company, and 
to ufe his intereft in their behalf with the Gentlemen of 
Rhode-I/land}"^ He comply'd with it, and they March'd 
the next day.^^ Major Bradford defired Mr. Church with 
a commanded party conlifting oi EngliJJi and fome Friend- 
I7idia7ts, to March in the Front at fome diftance from the 
Main body. Their orders were to keep fo far before, as 
not be in light of the Army. And fo they did, for by the 
way, they killed a Deer, [5] flead, roafted, and eat the 
moft of him before the Army came up with them. But 
the Plymouth Forces foon arriv'd at Swanzey, and were 



but returned to Scituate ; was Deputy 
for feveral years ; Captain of the mili- 
tia, 1652 ; Afliftant, 1656-8 ; was de- 
prived of his command and offices and 
diffranchifed, 1658-73, being a friend 
of toleration, and fo judged an "oppof- 
er of the Government." In 1674 he 
was chofen Affiftant, and in 1675 " Gen- 
eral and Commander in Chief" for 
Philip's war. In 1682 he went to Eng- 
land for the Colony, to obtain a new 
Charter, where he took the fmall-pox 
and died. He was " paft feventy " when 
he took the field at this time againft 
Philip. [Deane's Scituate, 245-251.] 

*^ To underftand this expreffion it is 
needful to remember that Rhode-Illand 
had been excluded from the Confederacy 
of the Colonies formed for mutual de- 
fence in 1643: "on account of her 
heretical toleration of religious freedom, 
and her open advocacy of liberty of con- 
fcience," fays the Editor of Eafton's 
Narrative ; "upon grounds which re- 

3 



fle6l no credit upon the Puritan con- 
federates," says Arnold ; " becaufe they 
had not been able to inftitute a govern- 
ment, fuch as could be relied on for the 
fulfilment of the ftipulations mutually 
made by the Four Colonies," with more 
juftice, fays Palfrey. Thus ftanding by 
themfelves, no claim for aid could be 
made upon her citizens, while the facft 
that their interefts were, in the refpe6ls 
now involved, one with thofe of the 
Confederacy, made it probable, that, if 
fuitably approached — by one of their 
friends, as Church was — they would 
furnifh fuch aid as might be in their 
power. Eafton fays that the Governor 
of Plymouth wrote them at this junc- 
ture, "to defier our Help with fum 
Boats if they had fuch Ocation, and for 
us to looke to our felfs." [Eafton's 
Narrative, vi, 16 ; Arnold's Hijl. 
Rhode- IJland, i: 115; Palfrey's HiJl. 
Nevj England, i : 629.] 
*3 Tuefday, 22 June, 1675. 



17 



[S ] 

polled at Major Browns and Mr. Miles's Garrifons*^ chiefly; 
and were there foon joyned*^ with thofe that came from 
Majffachufetts^ who had entred into a Confederacy with 
their Plymouth Brethren, againft the Perfidious Heathen. 

The Enemy who began their Hoflilities with plundring 
and deftroying Cattel, did not long content themfelves 
with that game. They thirfled for EngUJJi blood, and they 
foon broach'd it;*^ killing two Men in the way not far 



** Myles's Garrifon was the fortified 
houfe of the Rev. John Myles, paftor of 
the Baptifl: Church in Swanfey [fee note 
39, ante\ which is fuppofed to have 
ftood in what is now Barnejville, about 
75 rods a little north of due weft from 
Miles's bridge, which croffes Palmer 
(or Warren) river about three miles 
north of Warren, R.-I. Mr. Myles 
was put to fo much expenfe by the war, 
that, 25 Feb. 1679, it was voted by the 
town that "Mr. John Myles fhall have 
the houfe built for him to indemnify him 
for debts due him in the time of the In- 
dian war, in full of his demands," etc. 
\^MS. Haile Records, 42.] The po- 
lition of Maj. Brown's [fee note 27, antc\ 
garrifon has not been exadlly identified, 
but it is fuppoied to have been in the fame 
part of Swanfey with Myles's garrifon. 

*^ The Plymouth forces probably 
reached Swanfey on the afternoon of 
Tuefday, 22 June, or, at furtheft, on 
Wednefday, 23 June ; while the firft of 
the Maflachufetts forces left Bofton on 
Saturday, 26 June, and all of them ar- 
rived at Swanfey on Monday, 28 June. 
[FefTenden's Warren, 66, 69.] 

*•' The MafTachufetts forces, on this 



occafion, confifted of a troop of horfe 
under Capt. Thomas Prentice, one of 
foot imder Capt. Daniel Henchman, 
and one hundred and ten "volunteers" 
under Capt. Samuel Mofley. Mofley 
had been a " Privateer at Jamaica," 
and his " volunteers " included ten or 
twelve pirates under fentence of death, 
who were taken out of jail to join the 
command, and promifed life on good 
behavior. Three Chriftian Indians — 
James and Thomas ^uattnafokuit and 
Zechary Abram — were attached to 
Capt. Prentice's troop as guides. Sev- 
eral dogs — to be ufed in hunting the 
Indians — were with Mofley's company. 
[Drake's Hift. of BoJIoti, i : 402 ; N. E. 
Hijl. and Gen. Reg. xv : 262 ; Tranfac- 
tions Amer. Attiiquarian Society, ii : 
441.] 

*'' It is very difficult to harmonize the 
various conflicting authorities fo as to 
be certain when, or in what manner, the 
firft blood was drawn. Rev. Abiel 
Fiflier, in his hiftory of the Firft Baptift 
Church in Swanfey, fays that Eldad 
Kingfley — one of its members — was 
the firft man fiain, on Faft-day, the 24th, 
at Swanfey. The Breiff Narratiue 



[5 ] 

from Mr. Miles'?, Garrifon. And foon after, eight more 
at Mattapoifet'.^^ Upon whofe bodies they exercifed more 
than brutifh barbarities ; beheading, dif-membring and 
mangling them, and expofing them in the moft inhumane 
manner, which gafh'd and ghoftly obje6ts flruck a damp 
on all beholders. 

The Enemy flufh'd with thefe exploits, grew yet bolder, 
and skulking every where in the bufhes, fhot at all PafTen- 
gers, and kill'd many that ventured abroad. They came 
fo near as to fhoot down two Sentinels at Mr. Miles\ 



prefented by the Pl_vmouth Colony to 
the " Commiffioners of the United 
Colonies," which feems to have been 
prepared with minute care, mentions as 
the firft perfon killed, "on the 24"' 
Thomas layton was flaine att the fall 
Riuer." Hubbard and moft writers 
name the 24th, — Thurfday, the day of 
Faft. But the anonj'mous author of the 
Prejent State of Ncxv England -ivitk 
rcfpedl to the Indian War [p. 5] fays 
that " the firft that was killed was June 
23* " ; while Baylies {^Hijl. New Plym. 
Col. iii : 33] feems to fpecify the 22d. 
[See Blifs's Rehobotk, 80-84; Baftijl 
Memorial, iv : 232 ; Feflenden's War- 
ren, 68, 69; Eafton's Narrative, 17; 
Plym. Col. Rec. x : 364 ; Drake's Notes 
on the Indian Wars, in N. E. Hijl. and 
Gen. Reg. xv : 156, etc., for various 
particulars bearing on the queftion.] 
Niles \^HiJl. of Indian and French 
Wars, 3 Mafs. Hifl. Coll. vi : 178, etc.] 
careleflly defcribes all thefe occurrences 
as being in 1674, inftead of 1675. 

** Mattapoifet {Mattapoyfett , Mcta- 



poifet, Matapuyfi, Mattapoife), was the 
fmall peninfula running into Mount- 
Hope bay oppofite the fouthweftern ex- 
tremity of Somerfet, having Cole's river 
on the weft, and Lee's river on the eaft; 
now called Gardner's neck. Parfons 
{^Indian Names of Places in R.-I. 16] 
fays the word means " crying chief." 
Trumbull fays " it does not mean 'cry- 
ing chief.' The Indians never gave 
names of pctfons, or animate objci^s to 
places, unlefs with an adjeAive or verb 
compounded, to mark the relation of 
perfon to thing, e. g. a pond might be 
called ' a fifhing-place for pickerel,' or 
a hill ' the camping place of Sofo,' but 
never ' pickerel,' or ' Sofo.' Alctapoi- 
fet, or Matapyfl, feems to be identical 
with Matabefet {Mattapcafet, Mat- 
tabejick), the name of Middletown, 
Conn. This name looks like a deriva- 
tive of mattappu, ' he fits down ' or 
' refts,' and I know of no other word 
from which it can be derived. But I 
am by no means confident that it is 
from this." 



19 



[5 ] 



Garrifon, under the very Nofes of moll of our Forces. 
Thefe provocations drew out the refentments of fome*^ of 
Capt. Prentices^ Troop, v^ho defired they might have 
liberty to go out and feek the Enemy in their own quar- 
ters. Quarter Maflers Gill^^ & Belcher^'^ commanded the 
Parties drawn out, who earneftly delired Mr. Churches 
company: They provided him a Horfe and Furniture (his 
own being out of the way) he readily comply'd with their 
delires, and was foon Mounted. 

This party were no fooner over Miles'^ Bridge, but 
were fired on by an Ambufcado of about a dozen Indians^ 
as they were afterwards difcovered to be. When they 
drew off, the Pilot ^^ was Mortally wounded, Mr. Belcher 



*3 Hubbard fays " twelve of the 
Troop." \_Narrative, i8.] He fixes 
the time alfo as on the day of the arri- 
val of the troop, viz : Monday, 28 June. 

^ CaJ>f. Thomas Prentice was born 
in England in 1620-1 ; came over, 
1648-9; fettled in the eafterly part 
of Cambridge ; was chofen Lieut, of 
Troopers in 1656, and in 1662 Cap- 
tain ; was Deputy, 1672 ; was appointed 
to remove the Natick Indians to Deer 
Ifland, which he did; fucceeded Maj. 
Gookin as magiftrate to advife the 
Chriftian Indians; died 6 July, 1710. 
There is a tradition that he ferved un- 
der Cromwell. [Jackfon's H(/i. ofNc^v- 
t07i, 3S9, 469-475-] 

61 Mr. Drake fuppofes his Chriftian 
name to have been John. \_HiJl. Bojl. 
i : 403.] In which cafe he was prob- 
ably that John who lived on Milton hill, 
who joined the church in Dorchefter, 



1640, and petitioned for the incorpora- 
tion of Milton in 1662. He died in 
1678, and left a daughter, who married 
Rev. Jofeph Belcher, third minifter of 
Dedham. [////?. of Dorchejler, 120.] 

62 Mr. Drake \_HiJi. Boji. i: 403] 
fuppofes this to be Andrew Belcher 
(father of Gov. Jonathan), who was 
now a little more than 28 years of age. 

63 Hubbard fays, " killing one Wil- 
liam Hammond.'''' \^Narrative, 18.] 
This was probably " Wm. Hammon," 
whofe mark was aflixed as a witnefs to 
Philip's quitclaim of the " eight miles 
fquare " purchafe in Rehoboth, of date 
30 March, 1668; who was doubtlefs the 
fame " William Hamon " who had a 
daughter Elizabeth born at Rehoboth, 
24 Sept. 1661. Savage doubts, be- 
caufe " this man was of the troop of 
Capt. Prentifs, which muft, we fuppofe, 
have chiefly been compofed of volun- 



[5 ] 

received a fhot in his knee, and his Horfe was kill'd under 
him, Mr. Gill was ftruck with a Musket-ball on the fide of 
his belly; but being clad with a buff Coat^ and fome 
thicknefs of Paper under it, it never broke his skin. The 
Troopers were furprized to fee both their Commanders 
wounded, and wheel'd off. But Mr. Church perfwaded, at 
length ftorm'd and ftampt, and told them 'twas a fhame to 
run, and leave a wounded Man there to become a Prey to 
the barbarous Enemy. For the Pilot yet fat his Horfe, 
tho' fo maz'd with the Shot, as not to have fenfe to guide 
him. Mr. Gill feconded him, and offer'd, tho' much dif- 
enabled, to affift in bringing him off. Mr. Church asked 
a Stranger who gave them his company in that action, if 
he would go with him and fetch off the wounded Man: 
He readily confented, they with Mr. Gill went, but the 
wounded Man fainted and fell off his Horfe before they 
came to him ; but Mr. Church and the Stranger difmounted, 
took up the Man dead, and laid him before Mr. Gill on 

teers of Cambridge, and the neighbor- in Gardener's Pcquot Warycs as killed 

ing town of Dedham." But Jackfon in that war, was an anachroniftic ren- 

\^HiJl. Newt. 471] fays this Hammond, dering of this occurrence. But Gar- 

here killed, was "not of Cambridge," dener wrote in 1660, — fifteen years be- 

and Church fays he was the "pilot" of fore this Swanfey skirmilb. [Blifs's 

the party, (Mather [_Brief Hijiory, 4] Rekoboth, 66 ; Plym. Col. Rcc. viii : 52 ; 

fays "the Indians Ibot the Pilot who was Gen. Did. ii : 34S; 3 Mafs. Htjl. Coll. 

directing our Souldiers in their way to iii : 130, 157.] 

Philip's Country,") who would moft m u ^ ^-loCg military outer garment, 

naturally be not of the troop, but a refi- with ftiort fleeves, and laced tightly over 

dent of the neighborhood, familiar with the cheft, made of buffalo-skin, or other 

the wood-paths and the enemy. Savage thick and elaftic material, worn by fol- 

further fuggests that the ftory of " Wil- diers in the feventeenth century as a 

liam Hamman of the Bay," mentioned defenfive covering." — Webjler. 



[6 ] 

his Horfe. Mr. Church told the other two, if they would 
take care of the dead Man, he would go and fetch his 
Horfe back, which was going off the Caffey^^ toward [6] 
the Enemy; but before he got over the Caffey he faw the 
Enemy run to the right into the Neck. He brought 
back the Horfe, and call'd earneftly and repeatedly to the 
Army to come over & fight the Enemy; and while he 
flood calling & perfwading, the skulking Enemy return'd 
to their old ftand, and all difcharged their Guns at him at 
one clap, tho' every fhot mifs'd him\ yet one of the Army 
on the other fide of the river received one of the balls in 
his foot. Mr. Church now began (no fuccour coming to 
him) to think it time to retreat: Saying, The Lord have 
Mercy on us, if fuch a handful of Indians fliall thus dare 
fuch an Army!^*^ 

Upon this 'twas immediately refolv'd,^^ and orders were 
given to March down into the Neck, and having pafled 



^ This is a truer fpelling than the weather was fuch, as that nothing could 

modern " caufeway," iince the word be done againft the enemy; this man 

came into our language from the French was poffeffed with a ftrong conceit, th-at 

chaujfee, a way paved with limeftone. God was againft the EngUJh ; where- 

The road adjacent to the bridge was upon he immediately ran diftradled, and 

here evidently banked up to give dry fo was returned home a lamentable 

paffage over the marfh skirting the Spedlacle." IBn'cf Htjiory, 4.] Mr, 

ftream. Drake, in his late valuable reprint of 

66 Mather fays " a Souldier (a ftout Mather, makes it probable that this 

man) who was fent from ]Vater-to7vti, man's name was William Sherman, jr. 

feeing the Englijk Guide flain, and [p. 58.] 

hearingmany profane oaths amongfome ^'' Hubbard fays "the next morn- 

of our Souldiers (namely thofe Priva- ing " ; which would be Tuefday, 29 

teers, who were alfo Volunteers) and June. \_Nan-ative, 18.] 
confidering the unfeafonablenefs of the 



[6] 

the Bridge, and Caffey, the direction was to extend both 
wings, which being not well headed, by thofe that remain'd 
in the Center, fome of them miftook their Friends for 
their Enemies, and made a fire upon them on the right 
wing, and wounded that noble Heroick Youth Enfign 
Savage^^ in the thigh; but it happily prov'd but a flefh 
wound. They Marched''^ until they came to the narrow 
of the Neck, at a Place called Keekkamuit^ where they 



^ Perez Savage, fourth fon of Thom- 
as, who came in the Planter from Lon- 
don, April, 1635, was born 17 Feb. 1652, 
and Avas now, therefore, in his 24th 
year, though Hubbard calls him "that 
young Martial Spark fcarce twenty 
years of age." He was wounded again 
in the " fwamp fight" in the following 
December, when he was Lieut, of the 
fame corps. He went to London in 
1690, to carry on trade with Spain ; 
was taken captive by the Turks and 
died at Mequinez, in Barbarj', during 
1694. Some curious particulars about 
his wills are mentioned \>y Savage. 
[G<?«. Di^. iv : 25, 26.] Hubbard 
{^Narrative, 19] fays he had " one bul- 
let lodged in his Thigh, another Ihot 
through the brim of his hat, by ten or 
twelve of the Enemy difcharging upon 
him together, while he boldly held up 
his Colors in the Front of his Compa- 
ny." Church, as on the ground, — 
though di6tating this account forty 
years after the occurrence, — is the more 
truftworthy authority as to the fource of 
the wound, and the fadl of the blunder, 
which he alone narrates. 

^^ Church's language would lead one 



to fuppofe that they iinmediaiely con- 
tinued their march. But Hubbard fays, 
"the weather not fuffering any further 
adlion at that time, thofe that were thus 
far advanced, were compelled to retreat 
back to the main Guard"; and adds 
that Major Savage, Commander-in- 
Chief of the Maffachufetts forces, arrived 
that night, and the next day the whole 
body intended to march into Mount- 
Hope, "but the weather being doubt- 
ful, our Forces did not march till near 
noon." This interpofes more than 
twentv-four hours between the skirmifh 
in which Enfign Savage was wounded, 
and what Church next proceeds to nar- 
rate. \_Narraiive, 19.] So that the 
acJtual march into the neck was on 
Wednefday, 30 June. 

^ The narroweft part of the neck 
between Warren and Kikemuit rivers 
is a little north of the line which divides 
Brift:ol from Warren, The name Kcek- 
kamuit was appropriated to an Indian 
village that fl:ood around a fpring of that 
name, in this " narrow of the neck." 
This is fome four miles from Miles's 
bridge. This accords with what Hub- 
bard fays: "After they had marched 



23 



[6] 

took down the heads of Eight Engli/7t Men that were kill'd 
at the head of Metapoi/et-NQc\i, and fet upon Polls, after 
the barbarous manner of thofe Salvages. There Philip 
had ftaved all his Drums,^^ and conveyed all his Canoo's 
to the Eafl-fide of Metapoifet-WvM^xF-' Hence it was con- 
cluded by thofe that were acquainted with the Motions of 
thofe People, that they had quitted the Neck. Mr. CImrch 
told 'em that Philip was doubtlefs gone ever*^^ to Pecaffet 
fide, to ingage thofe Indians in Rebellion with him: which 



about a mile & a half, thej pafled by 
fome Houfes newlj burned, &c. ; two 
or three miles further they came up 
with fome Heads, Scalps and Hands 
cut oft" from the bodys of fome of the 
EnglilTi, and ftuck upon Poles near the 
Highway, in that barbarous and inhu- 
mane manner bidding us Defyance." 
[^Narrath<e, 19.] 

Parfons \^Indian Names, etc. 14] fays 
Kikcmuit means " a back river." Mr. 
Trumbull fays " no; it has loft an ini- 
tial fyllable. To-Hkonunu-it (^Tokke- 
I'om, Eliot) fignifies ' at the fpring,' or 
' water-fource.' This name agrees 
with Rev. Samuel Deane's ' clear 
fpring' [2 Mafs. Hijl. Coll. x: 174], 
though it has nothing to do with ' Kike- 
gat = day, or clearnefs.' Another deri- 
vation is poflible : Nkeke (Nekik) figni- 
fies 'otter' [7?.-/. Hiji Coll. i: 95], 
and may — ' path ' ; whence Nk€ke-7nay- 
it would mean ' the otter path.' The 
former derivation is the more probable. 
Many Indian names, have, in like man- 
ner fuftered mutilation." 

''I Roger Williams faid, in 1643, that 



the New England Indians originally had 
no drums or trumpets, though he had 
known a native make a very good drum 
in imitation of the Englifh. [7?.-/. HiJi. 
Coll. i: 38, 149.] The North Ameri- 
can Indians, in general, however, appear 
to have ufed the drum (and without 
any hint that it was borrowed from the 
whites) in their religious dances, and in 
their ceremonies when beating up re- 
cruits for war. [De Foreft's Hijl. In- 
dians of Conn. 29; Schoolcraft's Hijl. 
of Indian Tribes, ii : 60; alfo Ibid. 
plate 75, where reprefentations of In- 
dian drums are given. See alfo, i : 425, 
and plate 68.] Philip had probably 
employed their aid in raifing volunteers, 
and as his tallies now led him to defert 
his own village, and he did not wifh to 
encumber himfelf with them in adlual 
warfare, he "ftaved" and threw them 
away here. 

''■^ Now known as Lee's river; fepa- 
rating Gardner's neck from the fouthern 
extremity of Somerfet. 

^3 Mifprint for " over," as " Pecaffet " 
is for " Pocaffet." 



24 



[6] 

they foon found to be true. The Enemy were not really 
beaten out of Motmt-Jiope Neck, tho' 'twas true they fled 
from thence ; yet it was before any purfu'd them. 'Twas 
but to ftrengthen themfelves, and to gain a more advanta- 
gious Poll. However, fome and not a few pleafed them- 
felves with the fancy of a Mighty Conqueft.*^'^ 

A grand Council was held, and a Refolve paft, to build a 
Fort there to maintain the firft ground they had gain'd, by 
the Indians leaving it to them.^ And to fpeak the Truth, 
it muft be faid. That as they gain'd not that Field, by their 
Sword, nor their Bow; fo 'twas rather their fear than their 
courage, that oblig'd them to fet up the marks of their Con- 
queft. Mr. Church look'd upon it, and talk of it with 
contempt, and urged hard the purfuing the Enemy on Po- 
cajjet lide, and with the greater earneftnefs, becaufe of his 
promife made to AwaJJwnks, before mentioned.^^ The 
Council adjourned themfelves from Mount-hope to Re- 
hoboth^"^ where Mr. Treafurer Southworth^ being weary 

^^ Hubbard and Mather fo thought. ^^ Seepage ii, ante. 

\^Narrafivc, 19; Magnalta, (ed. 1853,) ^" Hubbard fays '■'■ Seacotike, or Re- 

ii : 562.) hobot/i, a town within fix miles of Swati- 

65 The fite of this fort has been iden- zy." \_Narrative, 20.] The exadl lo- 

tified by Mr. FelTenden as being oppo- cality referred to here would feem to be 

fite the narrow entrance to Kikemuit one of the "three houfes" which were 

river from Mount-Hope bay, on the ufed as garrifons by the inhabitants of 

top of the moft fouthweftern of feveral Rehoboth and Swanfey during Philip's 

hills on the north fide of a cove. The war, viz : that which ftood on the fouth 

hill is faft wearing away by the adlion end of Seekonk plain, on the fpot lately 

of the water at its bafe, fo that the char- occupied by the houfe of Mr. Phanuel 

coal and fcorched ftones from the fire- Bilhop, on the foutheaft: fide of the Com- 

place of the fort are often falling down mon. [Blifs's Rehoboth, 78.] 

the declivity toward the water. {_HiJi. ^'^ Coiijiant Southzvorth was a fon of 

Warren, R.-I. 71.] Edward Southworth (Savage wrongly 
f 35 



[ 7 ] 

of his charge of CommifTary General, (Provilion being 
fcarce & difficult to be obtained, for the Army, that now 
lay ftill to Cover the People from no body, while they 
were building a Fort for nothing) retired, and the Power 
& Trouble of that Poft was left with Mr. Church, who ftill 
urged the Commanding Officers to move over to Pocajfet 
lide, to purfue the Enemy, [7] and kill Philip, which would 
in his opinion be more probable to keep pofleffion of the 
Neck, than to tarry to build a Fort. He was ftill reftlefs 
on that fide of the River, and the rather becaufe of his 
promife to the Squaw Sachem of Sogkonate. And Capt. 
Fuller^^ alfo urged the fame, until at length there came fur- 



fays " Cotijiatit, or Tho7nas" \_Gen. DtYl. 
iv : 143] ) and Alice Carpenter (who, 
after her firft hufband's death, became 
the fecond wife of Gov. Bradford) ; 
feems to have come over in 1628 [3 
Mafs. Hiji. Coll. i : 199] ; was made 
freeman in 1637 ; married Elizabeth 
Collier, 2 Nov. 1637; was Deputy in 
1647 and 22 years following, and Treaf- 
uier from 1659 to 167S; was often 
Affiftant, once Commiffioner for the 
United Colonies, and acfled as Com- 
miffary-General in Philip's war; died 
II March, 1679. ^^ ^^'^^ three fons, and 
five daughters, — the fecond of whom 
had married Church, 26 Dec. 1667. 
This relationlhip by marriage explains 
his here throwing off "the Power & 
Trouble" of his poft on his fon-in-law. 
[Winfor's HiJl. Duxbiiry, 68; Plym. 
Col. Rec. i: 68, 74; ii: 117; iii : 8, 
I38> 153. 162; iv: 14, 37; v: 17, 34, 
etc.] 



^^ Matthe-iv Fuller was fon of Ed- 
ward (who was brother of the famous 
Dr. Samuel) ; was at Plymouth in 1642 ; 
went to Barnftable in 1652, and was the 
firft phyfician there. He was I^ieut. of 
Barnftable company in 1652 ; Deputy 
from Barnftable in 1653 ; went Lieut, to 
Miles Standilh in the Dutch expedi- 
tion in 1654; was fined 505. for " fpeak- 
ing reproachfully of the Court, etc.," 
in 1658; was appointed on the Co-uncil 
of War the fame year; is fpoken of as 
Captain in 1670; was chofen " Surjean 
general " for the Dutch expedition in 
1673 ; and evidently was with this ex- 
pedition in the fame capacity, as, at the 
Oc5tober Court following thefe firft con- 
flidls in Philip's war, there was allowed 
"to Capt. Mathew Fuller, as furjean 
generall of the forces of this collonie, 
and for other good fervice, p'fortned 
in the countryes hehalfe agaitjjl the 
enemie, in the late expediiiotis, or 



26 



[ 7 ] 

ther order concerning the Fort. And with all, an order for 
Capt. Fuller with Six files to crofs the River to the fide 
fo much infilled on, and to try if he could get Speech 
with any of the Pocaffet or Sogko7iate Indians, and that Mr. 
Chtirch fhould go his Second. Upon the Captains receiv- 
ing his orders, he ask'd Mr. Church whither he was willing 
to engage in this interprize : To whom 'twas indeed too 
agreeable to be declined; tho' he thought the enterprize 
was hazardous enough, for them to have more Men afiign'd 
them. Capt. Fuller told him that for his own part he was 
grown Ancient and heavy, he feared the travel and fatigue 
would be too much for him. But Mr. Church urged him, 
and told him, he would chearfully excufe him, his hardfhip 
and travel, and take that part to himfelf, if he might but 
go; for he had rather do any thing in the World than ftay 
there to build the Fort. 

Then they drew out the Number affigned them and 
March'd the fame Night™ to the Ferry ,^^ and were tranf- 
ported to Rhode- I/land, from whence the next Night they 

which maybe done for the future, as indicate the day of their departure from 

occation may require, the Court allow- the fort on this expedition, or the day 

eth him -fs. a day." He died in 1678. of their arrival at Pocaflet; probably 

[Freeman's H(^. Cape Cod, ii : 324; the former (as moft likely to be noted 

Savage's Gen. Di<5l. ii : 217; Plym. and reported by the general company). 

Col. Rec. ii : 37, 45, 50; iii : 17, 24, If fo, then the little band left the fort 

55, 150, 153; v: 48, 136, 175.] 7 July, and got acrofs the ferry into 

™ Hubbard \^Narrative, 24] fays, Pocaffet on the night of T/iurfday, 8 

" Upon thurfday July 7 " [7 July was July. This would fix the date of the 

Wcdne/day'] Captain Fuller, with Punkatees fight as Friday, 9 July. 

Captain Church, went into Pocaffet to "^ Briftol ferry; from the lower end 

feek after the enemy," etc. It is doubt- of Mount-Hope neck to Rhode-Illand, 

ful whether he means, by this date, to then commonly called Tripp's ferry. 

27 



[7 ] 

got a palTage over to PocaJ/et-^idQ"''^ in Rhode-IJland Boats, 
and concluded there to difpofe themfelves in two Ambuf- 
cado's before day, hoping to furprize fome of the Enemy 
by their falHng into one or other of their Ambufments. 
But Capt. Fullers party being troubled with the Epide- 
mical plague of luft after Tobacco, muft needs fhrike fire to 
Smoke it;'^ and thereby difcovered themfelves to a party 
of the Enemy coming up to them, who immediately fled 
with great preciptation. 

This Ambufcado drew off about break of day, perceiv- 
ing they were difcover'd, the other continued in their Pofl; 
until the time affigned them, and the light and heat of the 
Sun rendred their Station both infignificant and trouble- 
fome, and then return'd, unto the place of Randezvous, 
where they were acquainted with the other parties difap- 
pointment, and the occafion of it. Mr. Church calls for 
the breakfaft he had ordered to be brought over in the 
Boat: but the Man that had the charge of it confeffed that 
he was a-fleep when the Boats-men called him, and in 
hafte came away and never thought of it. It happened 
that Mr. Church had a few Cakes of Rusk in his Pocket, 
that Madam Cranjlon (the Governour of Rhode-IJland s 
Lady^*) gave him, when he came off the Ifland, which he 

■^2 Doubtlefs the crofling was done at hood, a common phrafe in the Old Col- 

what was then a ferry, — since known ony for the adl of ufing tobacco by the 

as "Rowland's ferry," — where the pipe. 

Stone bridge now Hands ; the narrow- '* Gov. jfohn Cranjlon feems to 

eft point of the "Eaft PafTage," or Nar- make his firft appearance upon record 

raganfett river. as appointed drummer by the General 

T3 "To fmoke it "was, in my child- Court at Newport, 14 March, 1644, 

28 



[8] 

divided among the Company, which was all the Provifions 
they had. 

Mr. Church after their flender breakfaft propofed to 
Capt. Fuller, That he would March in queft of the Enemy, 
with fuch of the Company as would be willing to March 
with him; which he complyed with, tho' with a great deal 
of fcruple, becaufe of his fmall Number, & the extream 
hazard he forefaw muft attend them.^^ [8] 

But fome of the Company had refle6led upon Mr. 
Church, that notwithftanding his talk on the other fide of 
the River, he had not fhown them any Indians lince they 
came over. Which now mov'd him to tell them. That if 
it was their delire to fee Indians, he believ'd he fhould now 
foon fhew them what they fhould fay was enough. 

The Number allow'd him foon drew off to him, which 
could not be many, becaufe their whole Company con- 
when he muft have been i8; was among reached the rank of Deputy Governor 
freemen in 1655; was licenfed to prac- at the date fpoken of in the text, but 
tife phyfic, and had the degree of M.D. Church, diiSlating forty years after, re- 
conferred on him by the General Affcm- fers to him under the title by which he 
bly in 1664; was chofen Deputy Gov- was afterwards beft known, [/t"./. Col. 
ernor in 1672, and ferved alfo in 1673, Jiec. i: 127, 301; ii : 33, 451, 4S1, 
'76, '77, and '78, in which year Gov. 541, 565; iii : 3, 4, 24; Arnold's Hijl. 
Arnold died, and he was chofen Gov- li.-I. i: 459; Savage's Gen. Did. i: 
ernor; ferved as Governor till 12 March, 472.] 

1680, when he died in office, aged 54. '^^ Hubbard's account would indicate 

He was the firft who ever held the place that a daj' and night had been fpent on 
of Major-General in Rhode-Illand. He the Pocafiet fide, before this propofition 
married Mary, daughter of Dr. Jere- of Church's took place. \_Narrative, 
miah Clark of Newport; who after his 24.] Probably he confounded this 
death married John Stanton, and who with the time fpent on Rhode-IHand. 
died 7 April, 171 1. Gov. Samuel Church, as a participant, is, of courfe, 
Cranfton was his fon. He had only the beft witnefs. 

29 



[8] 



iifted of no more than Thirty Six.'^ They mov'd towards 
Sogkonatc, until they came to the brook that runs into Nun- 
naquohqut Neck,'^ where they difcovered a frefh and plain 
Track, which they concluded to be from the great Pine 
Swamp '^ about a Mile from the Road that leads to Sog- 
konet. Now fays Mr. Church to his Men, If we follow 
this Track no doubt but we fhall foon fee Indians enough ; 
they exprefs'd their willingnefs to follow the Track, and 
mov'd in it, but had not gone far before one of them nar- 
rowly efcaped being bit with a Rattle-fnake\ '^ And the 



■'s "There being not above fifteen 
with Church." [Hubbard, Narrative, 
24.] This would leave twenty-one with 
Capt. Fuller. But Church afterwards 
fays there were nineteen with him be- 
lides his "pilot"; which would indi- 
cate a nearly equal divifion of the little 
force. 

"^"^ Mr. Drake's note would fix the 
rivulet referred to as " that which emp- 
ties into the bay nearly a mile fouth- 
ward from Rowland's ferry"; now, 
for fome reafon which I have never 
heard, bearing the ftrange name of" Sin 
and Flefh brook." I am perfuaded, 
however, that Nanaquaket brook, which 
croffes the road to Little Compton, fay 
a mile and a half further fouth, juft be- 
fore you reach the fchool-houfe, is that 
of which Church fpeaks. That " runs 
in" juft in the angle where Nanaqua- 
ket neck is joined to the main land, and 
therefore feems more exacftly defignated 
by the phrase " that runs into Nunna- 
quohqut Neck" than one fo much fur- 
ther removed, emptying into the cove. 



Moreover, its relative bearing to the 
fwamp of which Church proceeds to 
fpeak is nearer to the demand of the 
text than that of the other. 

This neck is that promontory in Tiv- 
erton which Hopes up northward and 
weftw^ard toward the ifland of Rhode- 
Ifland, next fouth of the Stone bridge. 
The name {^Nunnaquahqatt, None- 
quackety Nanaquaket, ^iiacut, etc.) 
may have this fenfe : Nunnukque means 
"dangerous," "unfafe"; whence Nun- 
nukqtieohke (contradled Nunnukqiiok) 
would be "an unfafe or dangerous 
place." The final et is locative, — 
" at" or " in." 

''^ Still there, and diftant about a mile 
due eaft from the fpot which I fuppofe 
Church to have now reached. 

''"^ Rattlefnakes were formerly abun- 
dant in New England. Prince fays, 
(14 Aug. 1632,) " this fummer is very 
wet and cold, except now and then a 
hot day or two, which caufes great ftore 
of musketoes and rattlefnakes." [Ed. 
1852, 400.] 



30 



[8] 

Woods that the Track lead them through was haunted 
much with thofe Snakes, which the Httle Company feem'd 
more to be afraid of than the black Serpents they were in 
queft of, and therefore bent their courfe another way; to 
a Place where they thought it probable to find fome of the 
Enemy. Had they kept the Track to the Pine Swamp 
they had been certain of meeting Vidians enough; but not 
fo certain that any of them fhould have return'd to give 
account how many. 

Now they pafs'd down into Punkatees'^ Neck; and in 
their March difcocovered a large Wigwam full of Indian 
Truck, which the Souldiers were for loading themfelves 
with; until Mr. Church forbid it; telling them they might 
expe6l foon to have their hands full, and bufmefs without 
caring for Plunder. Then croffing the head of the Creek 
into the Neck, they again difcovered frefh, Indian Tracks, 
very lately pafs'd before them into the Neck. They then 
got privately and undifcovered, unto the Fence of Capt. 
Almy\ Peafe-field,^^ and divided into two Parties, Mr. 
Church keeping the one Party with himfelf, fent the other 
with Lake'^'^ that was acquainted with the ground, on the 

^ Putikafees neck — fome two miles tion or fignification of the name has 

in length and one mile in extreme width not been fuggefled. 

— Ihoots out from the main land of ^^ See note 4. At leaft four fami- 

Tiverton fouthward and weftward, much lies of Almys now own and till many 

as Nuntiaquo/iqut neck turns up north- of the fertile acres of this beautiful 

ward and weftward. It was alio called promontory. 

Pocaflet neck. The entrance to it is *'- David Lake, or Leake, volun- 

diretftly weft from the fmall village of teered 10 Aug. 1667, in a troop of 

Tiverton Four Corners. The deriva- horfe upon Rhode Illand. If this were 

31 



[9] 

other fide. Two Indians were foon difcovered coming 
out of the Peafe-field towards them: When Mr. CImrcJi 
& thofe that were with him concealed themfelves from 
them, by falHng flat on the ground : but the other divifion 
not ufing the fame caution were feen by the Enemy, which 
occafioned them to run; which when Mr. Church per- 
ceiv'd, he fliew'd himfelf to them, and call'd, telHng them 
he defired but to fpeak with them, and would not hurt 
them. But they run, and Church purfued. The Indians 
clim'd over a Fence and one of them facing about dif- 
charged his Piece, but without effe6l on the EngliJJi'. One 
of the EngliJJi Souldiers ran up to the Fence and fir'd upon 
him that had difcharged his Piece; and they concluded by 
the yelling they heard that the Indian was wounded ; but 
the Indians foon got into the thickets, whence they faw 
them no more for the prefent. [9] 

Mr. Church then Marching over a plain piece of Ground 
where the Woods were very thick on one fide ; order'd his 
little Company to March at double diftance, to make as 
big a fliow (if they fhould be difcovered) as might be. 
But before they faw any body, they were Saluted with a 

the fame man, he probably — as a refi- net line, (which would be in what is 

dent of the ifland and familiar with the now Tiverton, where men of the fame 

neighboring localities — accompanied name now live, upon it,) becaufe he had 

this expedition as the " pilot," of whom " bin verj ufefull and ferviceable to the 

Church fpeaks further on. [/?.-/. Col. country in the late warr." Thomas 

Rec. ii. 218.) Plymouth Colony the Lake — whether his brother, or not, I 

next year granted to David Lake "three- cannot fay — had a limilar grant, at the 

fcore acrees " of land eaftward from fame time, of forty acres, [i?.-/. Col. 

Punchateefet pond and north of Saco- Rcc. ii : 218; Plym. Col. Rec. v: 214.] 

32 



[9] 

Volly of fifty or fixty Guns ; feme Bullets came very fur- 
prizingly near Mr. Churchy who ftarting, look'd behind 
him, to fee what was become of his Men, expe6ling to 
have feen half of them dead, but feeing them all upon 
their Leggs and briskly firing at the Smokes of the Ene- 
mies Guns, (for that was all that was then to be feen) He 
Blefs'd God, and called to his Men not to difcharge all 
their Guns at once, left the Enemy ftiould take the advant- 
age of fuch an opportunity to run upon them with their 
Hatches^ 

Their next Motion was immediately into the Peafe-field. 
When they came to the Fence Mr. Church bid as many as 
had not difcharg'd their Guns, to clap under the Fence, 
and lye clofe, while the other at fome diflance in the 
Field flood to charge; hoping that if the Enemy fhould 
creep to the Fence to gain a fhot at thofe that were charg- 
ing their Guns, they might be furprized by thofe that lay 
under the Fence. But cafting his Eyes to the fide of the 
Hill above them;^* the hill feem'd to move, being covered 
over with Indians, with their bright Guns glittering in the 
Sun, and running in a circumference with a defign to fur- 
round them. 

Seeing fuch Multitudes furrounding him and his little 
Company; it put him upon thinking what was become of 
the Boats that were ordered to attend him : And looking 

^3 Hatchets, or tomahawks. rifing abruptly toward the ridge of the 

8* The bluflf above them ; the peafe- promontory. The hill is not very high, 
field being near the ibore, and the land yet the flope is fteep. 
5 33 



[9] 

up, he fpy'd them a fhore at Sandy-point^^ on the Ifland fide 
of the River, with a number of Horfe and Foot by them, 
and wondred what fhould be the occafion; until he was 
afterwards informed, That the Boats had been over that 
Morning from the Ifland, and had landed a Party of Men 
at Fogland^ that were defign'd in Punkatees Neck to fetch 
off fome Cattel and Horfes, but were Ambufcado'd, and 
many of them wounded by the Enemy .^'^ 

Now our Gentlemans Courage and Conduct were both 
put to the Teft, he incourages his Men; and orders fome 
to run and take a Wall to fhelter before the Enemy gain'd 
it. Twas time for them now to think of efcaping if they 
knew which way. Mr. ChnrcJi orders his Men to ftrip to 
their white Shirts, that the I/landers might difcover them 
to be Englifli Men; & then orders Three Guns to be fired 
diftinft, hoping it might be obferv'd by their friends on 
the oppofite Shore.^^ The Men that were ordered to take 



^5 Probably what is now defignated affaulted by the fame Tudiafis, and one 

as " McCarry's point," on the Portf- of the five was Capt. C////;-c//c5 Servant, 

mouth fhore, ratlierthan that now called who had his Leg broke in the Skirmifh, 

"Sandy point," which is a mile and a the reft hardly efcaping with their lives : 

half further fouth. this was the firft time that ever any 

*^ Fogland point is a fpur of land mifchief was done by the Indians upon 

proje(5ting from the weftern fhore of Pocajfct Neck. Thofe of Road-IJland 

Punkatees neck, and reaching a third were hereby Alarmed to look to them- 

of the way acrofs Narraganfett river felves, as well as the reft of the Englifh 

toward Portfmouth on the ifland of of Plimouth, or the Majfachufets Col- 

Rhode-Ifland. ony." \^Narrative, 25.] 

8' Hubbard fays : " It feems in the ^^ It was probably not over a mile 

former part of the fame day, five men and a half in a ftraight line, from the 

coming from Road-IJland, to look up fcene of this fkirmilb to the point acrofs 

their Cattle upon Pocajfet Neck, were the water where their friends were. 

34 



[ lo] 

the Wall, being very hungry, llop'd a while among the 
Peafe to gather a few, being about four Rod from the 
Wall ; the Enemy from behind it haifd them with a Shower 
of Bullets; but foon all but one came tumbling over an 
old hedge down the bank where Mr. Church and the reft 
were, and told him that his Brother B. Southworth^'^ who 
was the Man that was miffing, was kilfd, that they faw 
him fall; and fo they did indeed fee him fall, but 'twas 
without a [lo] Shot, and lay no longer than till he had 
opportunity to clap a Bullet into one of the Enemies Fore- 
head, and then came running to his Company. The mean- 
nefs^ of the EngliJIis Powder was now their greatefl mis- 



^^ Either this record is wrong in this 
initial, or Conftant Southworth (note 
68) had a fon not down on the records. 
Savage, Winfor, and Mitchell agree 
that he had only three fons, (^Ed-^vard, 
Nathaniel, and William,) and four 
daughters, befides Alice, who married 
Church. The earlieft Benjamin on the 
record of the family was Benjamin, fon 
of Edward (Conftant's eldeft fon), who 
was born in i6So, five years after this 
fight. Edward's age at this date is not 
known, but, as he had been married in 
1669, he may perhaps have been near 30 ; 
Nathaniel was 27, and William only 16. 
It feems clear that the peribn here al- 
luded to was one of Church's brothers- 
in-law, and it is more probable that the 
initial "W" or "N" was miiprinted 
" B," and the blunder pafled uncorredl- 
ed, than that there was any " B. South- 
worth," fon of Conftant, elfewhere un- 
recorded. l^Geii. Di<H. iv : 143; lHjl- 



Duxbury, 314; Hijl. Bridge~vater, 

304-] 

^j Church feems here to ufe the word 
" meannefs " as equivalent to fcantinefs, 
— with reference to the quantity rather 
than the quality. There is no hint in 
the account of the aftiort but that the 
powder which they had was good 
enough, but they were evidently re- 
duced to a very fhort allowance. Up 
to this date the powder of the Colonifts 
appears to have been Englifh made. 
The firft powder-mill on this fide was 
juft in procefs of preparation ; Rev. 
John Oxenbridge, Rev. James Allen, 
Dea. Robert Sanderlbn, (all of the firft 
church in Bofton,) with Capt. John 
Hall and Freegrace Bendall, merchants 
of Bofton, 22 Aug. 1673, having pur- 
chafed of John Gill, of Milton, a privi- 
lege on Neponfet river, and having 
entered into articles of agreement, 16 
July, 1675, to ere6l a building and " im- 



35 



[ lo] 

fortune; when they were immediately upon this befet with 
Multitudes of Indians, who pofleffed themfelves of every 
Rock, Stump, Tree, or Fence that was in light, firing upon 
them without ceafing; while they had no other fhelter but 
a fmall bank & bit of a water Fence. And yet to add to 
the difadvantage of this little handful of diftreffed Men; 
The Indians alfo poffelTed themfelves of the Ruines of a 
Stone-houfe that over look'd them, and of the black Rocks 
to the Southward of them;^^ fo that now they had no way 
to prevent lying quite open to fome, or other of the 



prove a powder mill " at faid Neponfet. 
The fafetj of this mill was a fubjedl of 
legiflation, in Odlober and November 
following. \_HiJl. of Dorchejler, 607, 
609.] 

91 In the fecond edition of this narra- 
tive \_NewJ>ort, R.-I. 1772], South- 
wick's compofitor here carelefllj dropped 
out the words " and of the black Rocks 
to the Southward of them," and Dr. 
Stiles did not difcover the omiffion ; fo 
that, as all the fubfequent editions have 
been reprints of Southwick's, and not 
of the original, the hint of exadt locality 
which thej furnifh has hitherto been 
overlooked. On recently vifiting Punk- 
atees neck and going carefully over it 
in order to identify, if poffible, the exa6l 
fpot where this peafe-field was fituated, 
I found on the edge of the Ihore the re- 
mains of an outcropping ledge of foft 
black flaty rock, which differs fo decid- 
edly from any other rocks in the vicin- 
ity, and which — making allowance for 
the wear of the waves for near 200 
years — aniwers fo well to the demand 



of the text, as to incline me to the judg- 
ment that they may identify the fpot. 
If this be fo, the peafe-field muft have 
been on the weftern Ihore of Punkatees 
neck, a little north of the jundlure of 
Fogland point with the main promon- 
tory, and almoft due eafl: of the north- 
ern extremity of Fogland point, — which 
runs up northerly and wefterly as it 
pufhes over toward Rhode-Ifland ; ly- 
ing a little north of the range of the 
Almy burying-ground, which is in the 
rear of the prefent refidence of Mr. 
Horace Almy. Whether this be a cor- 
rect fuppofition or not, the near neigh- 
borhood of what is ftill called Church's 
well — a fpring ftoned round like a well, 
and fending a tiny rivulet down to the 
fea, a few rods fouth of thefe remains 
of what were once " black rocks," and 
almoft oppofite the prefent refidence of 
Mr. Samuel Almy, at the terminus of 
the road leading to Fogland ferry — 
fixes the fceneof the fight with fuflicient 
accuracy, as being near the jundlure of 
Fogland point with Punkatees neck. 



36 



[ lo] 

Enemy, but to heap up Stones before them, as they did, 
and ftill bravely and wonderfully defended themfelves, 
againft all the numbers of the Enemy. At length came 
over one of the Boats from the Ifland Shore, but the En- 
emy ply^d their Shot fo warmly to her as made her keep 
at fome diflance; Mr. Church delired them to fend their 
Canoo a-fhore to fetch them on board; but no perfwafions, 
nor arguments could prevail with them to bring their Ca- 
noo to fhore. Which fome of Mr. Churches Men perceiv- 
ing, began to cry out, For God^s fake to take them off, for 
their Ammunition was fpent, &c. Mr. Church being fenlible 
of the danger of the Enemies hearing their Complaints, 
and being made acquainted with the weaknefs and fcan- 
tinefs of their Ammunition, fiercely called to the Boats- 
mafter, and bid either fend his Canoo a-fhore, or elfe be- 
gone prefently, or he would fire upon him. 

Away goes the Boat and leaves them flill to fhift for 
themfelves. But then another difficulty arofe; the Enemy 
feeing the Boat leave them, were reanimated & fired thicker 
& fafler than ever; Upon which fome of the Men that 
were lighteft of foot, began to talk of attempting an efcape 
by flight ; until Mr. Church follidly convinced them of the 
impra6ticablenefs of it ; and incouraged them yet, told 
them, That he had obferv'-d fo much of the remarkable and 
wo7tderful Providence of God hitherto prcfcrving them, that 
incouraged hi^n to believe with 7nuch confidence that Godzuould 
yet preferve the^n ; that not a hair of their head ffiould fall to 
the ground ; bid them be Patient, Couragious and Prudently 

37 



[ " ] 

/parmg of their Ammunition^ and he made no doiibt but they 
JJioutd come well off yet^ &c. until his little Army, again re- 
folve one and all to Itay with, and flick by him. One of 
them by Mr. Churches order was pitching a flat Stone up 
an end before him in the Sand, when a Bullet from the 
Enemy with a full force ftroke the Stone while he was 
pitching it an end; which put the poor fellow to a mifer- 
able ftart, till Mr. Church call'd upon him to obferve, How 
God directed the Bullets that the Ene7ny could not hit him 
when in the fame place, yet could hit the Stone as it was 
erected. 

While they were thus making the beft defence they 
could againft their numerous Enemies that made the 
Woods ring with their conftant yelling [ii] and fhout- 
ing : And Night coming on, fome body told Mr. Church, 
they fpy'd a Sloop up the River as far as Gold-Ifland^ that 
feemed to be coming down towards them: He look'd up 
and told them Succour was now coining, for he believ''d it 
was Capt. Golding,^^ whom he knew to be a Man for bufi- 

^■- Gould IJland is a fmall rocky ill- I. ; at any rate he is dubioufly referred 

and, perhaps three quarters of a mile to in that connecftion in the R.-I. Colo- 

due fouth of tlie Stone bridge. It was nial Records for 6 Nov. 1672. He was 

purchafed of the Indians, 28 Mar. 1657, prefent at the killing of Philip. He 

by Thomas Gould, of Newport, and married Penelope, daughter of the firft 

took its name from him, and not, as has Benedict Arnold. Plymouth Colony, 

been fometimes ftated, from the occur- 1 Nov. 1676, gave Capt. Golding one 

rence here narrated. [Arnold's Hijl. hundred acres of land, becaufe he "hath 

R.-I. \ : 266 ; Fowler's HiJl. Sketch of approued himlelfe to be our conftant, 

Fall River, 9.] reall frind in the late warr, and very of- 

93 Capt. Roger Golding (^Golden, ficious and healpfull as occation hath 

Goulden) was captain of a veflel, and bine, when as our armies and fouldiers 

feems to have lived in Portfmouth, R.- haue bin in thofe p'tes, and haue had 

38 



[ " ] 

nefs\ and would certainly fetch thcrn off^ if he came', the 
Wind being fair, the VcfTel was foon with them; and Capt. 
Golding it was. Mr. Church (as foon as they came to Speak 
one with another) delired him to come to Anchor at fuch 
a diflance from the Shore that he might veer out his Cable 
and ride a float., and let flip his Canoo that it might drive 
afliore', which dire6lions Capt. Golding obferv'd; but the 
Enemy gave him fuch a warm Salute, that his Sails^ 
Colour, and Stern were full of Bullet holes. 

The Canoo came afhore,^* but was fo fmall that fhe 
would not bare above two Men at a time ; and when two 
were got aboard, they turn'd her loofe to drive afhore for 
two more : and the Sloops company kept the Indians in 
play the while. But when at laft it came to Mr. Churches 
turn to 0:0 aboard, he had left his Hat and Cutlalh at the 
Well^^ where he went to drink, when he firft came down; 
he told his Compan}^, He zuould never go off aiid leave his 
Hat and Cutlafi for the Indians; they fJwuld never have that 
to refleH: tipon him. Tho' he was much diflwaded from it, 
yet he would go fetch them. He put all the Powder he 
had left into his Gun (and a poor charge it was) and went 



neffefitie of the tranfportation of our "^ The wind was probably northwefl- 

men to the faid iland [Rhode-Ifland] erlj, as it is apt to be there on a pleaf- 

and otherwife very reddy to doe vs ant day, which would be exatStly " fair " 

good." This land adjoined that of the for Capt. Golding in running down, as 

Lakes (note 82, ante). \^R.-I. Col. narrated; and which would foon drift a 

Rcc. ii : 480; Savage, Gen. Di6l. ii. light canoe on fhore. 

287; Plym. Col. Rec. v: 214. See alfo ^^ See note 91, ante. I fee no reafon 

Plym. Col. Rec. v: 242, and vi : 120, to doubt the truftworthinefs of the tra- 

for further fadts concerning Capt. G.] dition identifying this well. 

39 



[ " ] 

prefenting his Gun at the Enemy, until he took up what 
he went for; at his return he difcharged his Gun at the 
Enemy to bid them farewel, for that time; but had not 
Powder enough to carry the Bullet half way to them. 

Two Bullets from the Enemy fluck the Canoo as he 
went on Board, one grazed the hair of his Head a little 
before; another flruck in a fmall Stake that Hood right 
againft the middle of his Breall. 

Now this Gentleman with his Army, making in all 
20 Men, himfelf, and his Pilot being numbred with them, 
got all fafe aboard after Six hours ingagement with 300 
Indians \ whofe Number we were told afterwards by fome 
of themfelves. A deliverance which that good Gentleman 
often mentions to the Glory of God, and His Protecting Prov- 
idence. The next day^'^ meeting with the reft of their 
little Company, whom he had left at PocaJJet, (that had 
alfo a fmall skirmifh with the Indians, and had two Men 
Wounded) ^^ they return'd to the Mount-hope Garrifon; 
which Mr. Church us'd to call the loofing Fort. Mr. 
Church then returning to the Ifland^^ to feek Provifion for 
the Army, meets with Alderman^ a noted Indian that 

9s Friday, 9 July, 1675. ^ Rhode Ifland. 

9' Capt. Fuller "either faw or heard ^ Alderman was a fubjefl of Wecta- 

too many Indians for himfelf and his inoc (note 24), but at the commence- 

Company to deal with, -which made him ment of the war went to the Governor 

and them betake themfelves to an of Plymouth, and delired to remain at 

Houfe near the Water-fide, from whence peace with the Englilh; and now left 

they were fetched off by a Hoop before Pocaffet for Rhode Ifland in that intent, 

night to Road- IJland" [Hubbard's It was his bullet that eventually killed 

Narrative, 24.] Philip. [Drake's Book of the Ind. 226.] 

40 



[ I^ ] 

was juft come over from the Squaw Sachems Cape of 
Pocaffet, having deferted from her, and had brought over 
his Family: Who gave him an account of the State of the 
Indians, and where each of the Sagamores head quarters 
were. Mr. Church then difcours'd with fome who knew 
the Spot well where the Indians faid Weetamores head 
quarters were, and offered their Service to Pilot him. 
With this News he [12] haftned to the Mount-hope Gar- 
rifon. The Army exprefs'd their readinefs to imbrace 
fuch an opportunity. 

All the ableft Souldiers were now immediately drawn 
off equip'd & difpatch'd upon this defign, under the Com- 
mand of a certain Officer :^°^ and having March'd about 
two Miles, viz. until they came to the Cove^*^^ that lyes 
S. W. from the Mount, where orders was given for an halt. 
The Commander in Chief told them he thought it proper 
to take advice before he went any further; called Mr. 
Church and the Pilot, and ask'd them. How they knew that 
Philip and alt his Men were not by that time got to Weeta- 
mores Camp\ or that all her own Me7i were not by that 
time return'- d to her again ? With many more frightful 
queflions. Mr. Church told him, they had acquainted him 
with as much as they knew, and that for his part he could 

i<^ Hubbard fays, Church borrowed i°i Now called Mount Cove. They 

" three files of Men of Capt. Henchman were, no doubt, on their way to Briftol 

with his Lieutenant:" this Lieutenant ferry — then called Tripp's ferry [7?.-/. 

was doubtlefs, then, the officer in com- Col. Rec. iii : 535] — to crofs to Rhode- 

mand. Fortunately for his memory Ifland, and thence, over Rowland's fer- 

his name was not defignated. \_Nar- ry, to Pocaffet, whence it would be a 

raiive, 25.] little over fix miles to " the Fall River." 
6 41 



[ 12 ] 

difcover nothing that need to difcourage them from Proceed- 
ing, that he thought it fo prafiicable, that he with the Pilot 
would willingly lead the way to the Spot and hazard the 
brunt. But the Chief Commander inlifted on this, That 
the Enetnies number were fo great, and he did 7iot know 
what numbers more might be added unto them, by that time : 
And his Company fo fmall, that he could not think it practi- 
cable to attack them. Added moreover, That if he was 
fure of killing all the Enemy, and knew that he niufl lofe the 
Life of one of his Men in the action, he would not attempt 
it. Pray Sir, then (Reply'd Mr. Church^ Pleafe to lead^^'^ 
your Com-pany to yo7ider Wijidmill on Rhode-Ifland, and 
there they will be out of danger of being kiltd by the Enemy, 
and we fJiall have Icfs trouble to ftipply them with Provifions. 
But return he would, and did, unto the Garrifon until 
more flrength came to them : And a Sloop to tranfport 
them to the Fall River,^*^^ in order to vifit Weetamores 



i°2 The abfence of water power on now abforbed this fall ; fo that the vifitor 

the Ifland led, as early as 1663, to the muft fearch for what was once the mod 

erection of windmills for grinding corn ; prominent feature of the locality, 

and feveral eminences in the town of Fowler fays, the word ^ucquechan 

Portfmouth are now crowned with them, fignifies "falling water," or " quick- 

which may be feen from far. [Arnold's running water ; " but Mr. Trumbull 

Hiji. R.-I. i : 370.] fays, " CJ/ekce, or Ckeche, alone, or in 

i"3 ^uequec/ian River — the outlet of compofition, means 'violent,' 'forcible,' 

Watuppa Pond — was about two miles and is fometimes applied to running 

long and lefs than one rod in width, water, as it is to ' that which fweeps 

and when within 150 rods of tide-water away,' e. g. chck/ii/atnk, ' a broom ' or 

it fuddenly defcended 132 feet to meet 'befom,' and c/ie'k-c/u 'the northweft 

it. It took naturally, therefore, the wind.' I do not think, however, that 

name of " the fall of the river," or Fall it is found in ^uequechaii, and clearly 

River. The various factories have not unlefs the lafl part of the name — 

42 



[ 12 ] 

Camp. Mr. CJuirch, one Baxter^^ and Capt. Himter^'^^ an 
Indian, profer'd to go out on the difcovery on the left 
Wing ; which was accepted ; they had not March'd above 
a quarter of a Mile before they llarted Three of the 
Enemy. Capt. Hunter wounded one of them in his knee, 
whom when he came up he difcovered to be his near 
kinfman; the Captive delired favour for his Squaw, if fhe 
fhould fall into their hands, but ask'd none for himfelf, 
excepting the liberty of taking a Whiff of Tobacco, and 
while he was taking his Whiff, his kinfman with one blow 
of his Hatchet difpatchM him. Proceeding to Weetamores 
Camp,^*^*^ they were difcover'd by one of the Enemy, who 



fignifying ' water,' 'ftream,' or fome- 
thing of the kind — has been loft." 
[Fowler's Hijl. Sketch, Fall River, 27.] 
1"* Thomas Baxter, bricklayer, of 
Yarmouth, 5 March, 1671-2, was ac- 
cufed of '* mifdemeanor att the meet- 
ing-houfe att Yarmouth ; " and, again, 
of entering Edward Sturgis's houfe on 
Lord's Day, 11 April, 1675, and ftealing 
from the fame ; but was cleared on both 
charges : he was alfo one of 30 foldiers 
" that were preffed into the country's 
fervice, and went to Mount-Hope 
againft our enemies the Indians, in 
the year 1675, and took their firft march 
June 24." He was wounded in the war, 
and £20 were allowed him by the Ply- 
mouth Court, 10 July, 1677, as a "maim- 
ed fouldier, whoe hath loft the vfe of one 
of his hands in the time hee was in the 
countryes fervice." I have met with 
no record of any other of the name as 
being in this war, and prefume this ref- 



erence to be to him. {^Plym. Col. Rec. 
V : 87, 168, 239 ; Freeman's Hift. Cafe 
Cod, ii : 193.] 

^^^ Capt. Hunter appears to have 
been a Chriftianized Nipinuk Indian. 
On the 6th of July — two days before 
the fight in Almy's peafe-field — Capt. 
Johnfon, on the order of the Governor 
and Council of Mafl"achufetts, had con- 
duced a body of " about 52 " Praying 
Indians (being one-third part of their 
able-bodied men) to the army at Mount- 
Hope. Among them was John Hunter, 
who, on his return, had a reward given 
him for his faithfulnefs ; he bringing 
back with him a fcalp ; that, no doubt, 
of the Indian referred to in the text. 
\_Tra71fadlions Anicr. Autiqtiarian So- 
ciety, ii: 442, 444.] 

1'^^ This feems to have been fitua- 
ted on the northern fide of what is now 
called Pocaftet Cedar Swamp ; perhaps 
two miles and a half Ibuth of the city 



43 



[ 13 ] 

ran in and gave Information; upon which a lufty Young 
Fellow left his Meat upon his Spit, running haftily out 
told his companions, he would kill an EngliJJi man before he 
eat his dinner', but faiPd of his delign, being no fooner out 
but fhot down. The Enemies fires, and what Ihelter 
they had was by the Edge of a thick Cedar Swamp, into 
which on this Alarm they betook themfelves; and the 
Englifh as nimbly purfued; but were foon commanded 
back by their Chieftain after they were come within hear- 
ing of the Crys of their Women, and Children, and fo 
ended that Exploit.^'^^ But returning to their Sloop the 
Enemy purfued them and wounded two of their Men. 
The next day returned to the Mount-hope Garrifon. [13] 

Soon after this,^°^ was Philips head Quarters vifited by 
fome other EngliJJi Forces ; but Philip and his gang had 
the very fortune to efcape that Weetamore and hers (but 
now mentioned) had: they took into a Swamp and their 
purfuers were commanded back. After this^*^ Dart- 

of Fall River, and lying between South thought they had him hemmed in 

Watuppa Pond and the hights which there, and fo the Plymouth forces and 

look down on Mount-Hope Bay. Capt. Henchman with loo foot, were 

10^ Hubbard fays, "wherein fome few left to "attend the Enemies motion, 

of them [the Indians] fourteen or fif- being judged fufficient for that end." 

teen were ilain." \^Narrative, 25.] One night, however, " in the end of 

1'^^ Hubbard fays that our forces went yufy" Philip and his warriors either 

to Rehoboth on Friday, 15 July (15 waded acrofs Taunton river, at a very 

July was Thur/day), next day to Mat- low tide, or got over on rafts, and ef- 

tapoifett, and next day to Taunton. caped to the Niptnuk Country. {^Nar- 

July 18 (Hubbard calls it "Munday," rative, 25-27.] Fowler \_H(/l. Sketch, 

but the iSth was Sunday; fo that they Fall River, 10] fays they croffed juft 

probably ftarted on the 19th) they above where Fall River now (lands, 

marched 18 miles, and attacked Philip ^'''^ Dartmouth feems to have been 

" in the great fwampe upon Pocajet deftroyed by the Indians in the latter 

neck, of feven miles long." They half of July. 

44 



[ 13 ] 

mouths diflreffes required Succour, great Part of the Town 
being laid defolate, and many of the Inhabitants kill'd; the 
moft of Plymouth Forces were order'd thither: And com- 
ing to RuJJels Garrifon at Poiieganfet^^^ they met with a 
Number of the Enemy that had furrendred themfelves 
Prifoners on terms promifed by Capt. Ecls^^^ of the Garri- 
fon; and Ralph Earl^^ that perfwaded them (by a friend 
India7t he had employed) to come in. And had their 
promifes to the Indians been kept, and the Indians farely 
treated, 'tis probable that moft if not all the Indians in 
thofe Parts, had foon followed the Example of thofe that 
had now furrendred themfelves; which would have been 
a good flep towards finifhing the War. But in fpite of all 
that Capt. Eels^ Churchy or Earl could fay, argue, plead, or 
beg, fome body elfe that had more Power in their hands 

11" The Apponcganfctt River (or eight children, Rev. Nathaniel, of Scit- 

cove) is the fecond cove making up uate. \^HiJl. Dorchejier, 51 ; Deane's 

from Buzzard's Bay weft and fouth of Scituate, 197; Barry's ^rtwot'cr, 301.] 
New-Bedford harbor. Faint traces i^- Ralph Earl appears to have been 

of the cellar of this garrifon-houfe fon of Ralph, of Portfmouth, R.-I., and 

might lately be feen, near a fpring on to have removed to Dartmouth in con- 

the eaft bank of this river, about a mile fequence of the gift to him of "half a 

from its mouth. John Ruflell was one fhare in Coaxit and AcuHinet " by 

of the earlieft fettlers of Dartmouth. Francis Sprague of Duxbury, who calls 

[Ricketfon's Hijl. New Bedford, 15, him "fon-in-law." He was fined, 29 

35) 154-] OS.. 1668, 55, for "aftronting the con- 

111 Capt. Samuel Eclls feems to have ftable " of Dartmouth. He was himfelf 
been the fon of John, of Dorchefter. conftable in 1670. I am forry to add 
He was baptized at Dorchefter, 3 May, that a perfon of that name was fined 
1640. He "commanded a garrifon at 205, at Plymouth, 5 0(5t., 1663, for 
Dartmouth, Mafs., in Philip's war," " drawing his wife in an vnciuell man- 
married Anna, daughter of Rev. Robert or on the fnow." [Savage's Gen. Did. 
Lenthal of Weymouth, and died in ii : 91 ; Ply7n. Col. Rec. iv : 47 ; v : 10, 
Hingham in 1709; leaving, among 36.] 

45 



[ 13 ] 



improv'd it; and without any regard to the promifes made 
them on their furrendring themfelves, they were carry'd 
away to Plymotith, there fold, and tranfported out of the 
Country; being about Eight-fcore Perfons."^ An a6lion fo 



11* The following I take to be the 
order of the Council of war upon this 
cafe, 4 Aug., 1675, which hints the light 
in which the government viewed the 
matter : — 

" In reference vnto a companie of 
" natiues now in coftodj, brought in to 
" Plymouth, being men, weomen, and 
*' children, in number one hundred and 
" twelue, vpon ferioufe and deliberate 
"confideration and agitation conferning 
" them, the conclufion is as followeth : 
" that wheras, vpon examination, it is 
" found that feuerall of them haue bine 
" a(5tors in the late rifing and warr of 
*' the Indians againft vs, and the reft 
" compilers with them therein, which 
" they haue done contrary to engage- 
" nient and couenant made and plighted 
"with this collonie, which they haue 
" p'fidioufly broken, as appeereth fur- 
" ther alfoe in that they did not dif- 
'* couer that p'nifious plott which Phillip, 
" with others, completed againft vs, 
"which hath caufed the deftrudlion of 
" feuerall of vs, by lofle of Hues and 
" eftates, and ftill held in danger 
" therby, the p'mifes confidered as 
" aforefaid, the councell adjudged them 
" to be fold, and denoted vnto fervi- 
" tude, excepting fome few of them, 
" which, vpon fpeciall confideration, 
" are to be otherwife difpofed of, and 
" the Treafurer is appointed by the 
"councell to make fale of them in the 
" countryes behalfe." 



On the fecond of September follow- 
ing, fimilar adlion was taken in the 
cafe of " a certaine p'fell of Indians 
lately come in to Sandwich in a fub- 
mifliue way to this collonie." They 
were adjudged to be " in the fame con- 
dition of rebellion," and " condemned 
vnto p'petuall fervitude." There were 
57 of thefe, which, added to the former 
112, made 169; not far from Church's 
eight fcore. Thacher, under date of 
0(5t. 4, 1765, fays, " one hundred and 
feventy-eight [Indians] had recently 
been shipped on board of Captain 
Sprague, for Cadiz"; unqueftionably 
referring to this fame melancholy mil- 
judgment. It is eflential to the proper 
underftanding of fuch a tranfa(5tion as 
this, that the general cuftom and feeling 
of the time ftiould be confidered. A 
very curious document has been pre- 
ferved, of date 14 Aug., 1676, ftiowing 
that Roger Williams was chairman of 
a committee in Rhode-Ifland to difpofe 
of fome Indian captives whom i/icy had 
taken. All under 5 years of age were 
fold to ferve till they were 30; all be- 
tween 5 and 10, till 28; all between 10 
and 15, till 27; all between 15 and 20, 
till 26 ; all between 20 and 30 were to 
ferve S years ; all above 30, 7 years. 
Judge Staples fays that, in moft in- 
ftances, Indian prifoners "were fent 
out of the country and fold for flaves 
for life." \^Plyi?i. Col. Rec. v: 173, 174; 
Hift. Plym. 136 ; /?.-/. Hijl. Coll. v : 170.] 



46 



[ 13 ] 



hateful to Mr. Church, that he oppof 'd it to the lofs of the 
good Will and Refpe6ls of fome that before were his good 
Friends. But while thefe things were a6ting at Dart- 
mouth, Philip made his efcape, leaving his Country, fled 
over Tau7iton-K\vQv, and Rehodoth-Y^l^.m^^'^ and Petuxet- 
River/^^ where Capt. Ed7nunds oi Provideiice^^^ made fome 
fpoil upon; and had probably done more, but was pre- 
vented by the coming up of a Superiour Officer,^^" that put 
him by. And now another Fort was built at PocaJJet^^^ 



11* Seekonk Plain. 

11^ See note loS, ante. Pawtucket and 
Pawtuxet should not be confounded, as 
they are different names. Pauftick-et 
is " at the falls of the river; " Pautuxet 
(^Pautuck-efe-ef) introduces a diminu- 
tive, i. e. " at the little falls of the river." 
The river referred to in the text is now 
called the Blackftone. 

ii*^ Caft. Afidrezv Edmu7tds (^Ed- 
monds or Edmatids) was of Providence, 
and married Mary, dau, of Benj. Iler- 
endean. 14 0(5l., 1675; 7 Aug., 1676 the 
R.-I. Aflembly voted him and his com^ 
pany one-half of the money accruing 
from the fale of 35 Indians "brought 
in by them ; " 17 June, 1684 he ferved 
on a Coroner's Jury on the death of 
John Miller of Rehoboth; 25 Dec, 16S9 
Plymouth Court ordered him 205. a 
week for his fervice in the Eaftern Ex- 
pedition, and, by vote of 3 March, 
1690, the Rhode-Ifland Aflembly added 
£6 to it. He died previous to 1696, 
having had five children. His widow 
was allowed to keep the ferry over See- 
konk river. [Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 
loi ; R.-I. Col. Rec. ii : 549; iii : 263, 



277, 2S0, 313; Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 143, 
229.] 

11' Hubbard names Capt. Henchman 
in this connec5tion, and adds " what 
the reafon was why Philip was followed 
no further, it is better to fufpend, then 
too critically to inquire." The infer- 
ence, taken with what Church fays, is 
that Henchman was the man on whom 
the blame refted. \_Narrative, 28.] 
The Rev. Noah Newman of Rehoboth 
was very efficient and ufelul in this 
aflault on the retreating Philip. [Blifs's 
Rehoboth, 87.] 

11^ Capt. Cudworth urged this. He 
wrote to Gov. Winflow, 20 July, 1675, 
from Mount-Hope Neck, faying " Now 
that which we confider to be befl, is to 
maintain our garrifon, though but with 
twenty men, and that there be another 
garrifon at Pocajfct ; and to have a fly- 
ing army, to be in motion" (doubtlefs 
with thefe points as its bafe) "to keep 
the Indians from deftroying our cattle, 
and fetching in fupply of food ; which 
being attended, will bring them to 
great ftraights, &c." [i Mafs. Hijl. Coll. 
vi : 85.] I have not been able to identify 



47 



[ '3 ] 

that prov'd as troublefome and chargeable as that at 
Mount-hope\ and the remainder of the Summer was im- 
prov'd in providing for the Forts and Forces there main- 
tained, while our Enemies were fled fome hundreds of 
Miles into the Country, near as far as Albajiy. And now 
llrong Sufpicions began to arife of the Narraganfet In- 
dians^^^ that they were ill affected, and defigned mifchief; 
and fo the event foon difcovered. The next Winter they 
began their Hoftilities, upon the Engli/Ji}^^ The United 
Colonies then agreed to fent an Army to fupprefs them : ^^^ 



the fite of this Pocaflet garrifon, but 
fuppofe it to have been within the pref- 
ent citj-limits of Fall River. 

11^ The Narraga7ifctt Indians maj be 
generally defcribed as having occupied 
the lower half of what is now the main 
land of the State of Rhode-Iiland, in- 
cluding the whole of Wafhington, with 
the lower portion of Kent Counties. 
[Gookin, i Mafs. Hijl. Coll. i : 147 ; R.- 
I. HiJl. Coll. iii: i.] With regard to 
the fignificance of this name, concern- 
ing which various fuggeftions have 
been made, (Drake's Book of the In- 
dians, 87, note,') Mr. Trumbull quotes 
Roger Williams : " I was within a pole 
of it, but could not learn why it was 
called Nahigaiifet" and fays, " to whom 
I have nothing to add." 

1*^ From the date of Philip's efcape 
acrofsTaunton River (i Aug.), hoftilities 
had been in progrefs. Mendon fettlers 
fell firft. Early in Auguft, ^uaboag 
(Brookfield) was deftroyed. About the 
firft of September, Deerfield was burned. 
Soon after, Squakeag (Northfield) was 



affaulted, and the majority of Capt 
Beers's party, going to its relief, killed. 
Early in October, Springfield was at- 
tacked, and 32 houfes fired. A few days 
later, 19 Odt., Hatfield was affailed. 
The Narraganfetts fheltered the women 
of the warrior Indians, and guns were 
found among them which had been 
taken from Beers's men; fo that they 
were judged to be in complicity wjth 
Philip. [Hubbard's Narrative, 32-42, 
48 ; Holmes's Annals, i : 372-375 ; Hoyt's 
Indian Wars, 99-112.] 

1-1 The Commiffioners of the United 
Colonies wrote from Bofton, 12 Nov., 
1675, to Rhode-Ifland, on this fubje(5t, as 
follows : " Findeing that y* Narrigan- 
fets under pretence of freindfliip haue 
bine and are very fals and perfideoufe, 
holdeing as is reported to us great Cor- 
rifpondency with the Enemy that are 
in more open hoftillity receiveing, 
releeving, and Contrary to their Cove- 
nant detayneing many of the Enemy 
men, women, and children to their 
great advantage and our prejudife, and 



[ 13 ] 



Governour Winjlow^"^" to command the Army. He under- 
taking the Expedition, invited Mr. CJmrch to command a 
Company in the Expedition; which he decHn'd, craving 
excufe from taking Commiffion, he promifed to wait upon 
him as a Reformado^''-^ thro' the Expedition. Having rid 
with the General to Bojloii^'^^ and from thence to ReJio- 
both. Upon the Generals requeft he went thence the near- 
eft way over the Ferries, with Major Smitk^'^ to his 



by many other infolencejs declaering 
their Enmity, and that indeed they are 
and are like to bee the very randivoufe, 
and feat of the warr, it hath drawne us 
to refolue to rayfe looo men in the Con- 
foederate Coloneys befides them alredy 
in paye, to bee improved there or as 
the providence of God may dire6l to 
reduce them to reafon ; And therefore 
judge it neceflary to advife you of our 
intents in that refpedl, to intent that 
you may not only take cair of your 
fronteer places, but afforde fo[me] 
addition to our numbers, and giue us 
fuch afiftance by your floopes and vef- 
fells as wee may ftand in need of, &c." 
The new levy was proportioned thus : 
Mafs. 527, Plym. 158, Conn. 315 = 1000. 
The a(5lual attendance of troops feems 
to have been, as follows : from Mafs. 
465 foot (in fix companies) and 75 
horfe = 540 men; from Plymouth 158 
men (in two companies) ; from Conn. 
450 men (in five companies) ; making 
a total of 1 148 men from the Confeder- 
ate Colonies. Befides thefe, a " confid- 
erable number" of recruits joined the 
expedition from the Rhode-Illand Colo- 
ny. The Army was under command 
of Gen. Jofias Winflow. The Mafs. 



troops were officered by Maj. Appleton 
and Capts. Mofely, Davenport, Gard- 
ner, Oliver, Johnfon, and Prentice ; 
the Plymouth, by Maj. Bradford and 
Capt. Gorham ; and the Conn, by 
Maj. Treat and Capts. Seely, Gallup, 
Mafon, Watts, and Marlhall. A partial 
lift of the names of the Mafs. men has 
been publilbed. \_Plym. Col. Rec, x: 
365, 45S; Barry's Hiji. Mafs. i: 426; 
Trumbull's HiJl. Conn, i : 337 ; Arnold's 
HiJl. R.-I. i: 403; N. E. Gen. Reg. 
viii : 241.] 

1-2 See note 20, ante. 

123 '■'■ Reformado., a reformed Officer, 
or one whofe Company, or Troop, is 
fupprefled in a Reform, and he con- 
tinued either in whole, or half Pay, he 
doing Duty in the Regiment. In a Ihip 
of war, a Gentleman who ferves as a 
Voluntier, in order to gain Experience, 
and fucceed the principal Officers. " 
[Bailey.] 

12* As Church's home at Saconet was 
temporarily broken up, he would feem 
to have been, in this interval, with his 
friends at Plymouth, or Duxbury. 

125 Richard Smith, jr., was the fon 
of Richard, "who left faire PofleflTions 
in Glofter Shire" Eng., and was one 



49 



[ H ] 



Garrifon in the Narraganfet Cojintry}'^^ to prepare and 
provide for the coming of General Wmjloiv^ who March'd 
round thro' the Country with his Army, propoling by Night 
to furprize Pumham (a certain Narragmtfet Sachem) and 
his Town;^^" but being aware of the approach of [14] our 



of the firfl: fettlers of Taunton, and went 
to Wickford, R.-I., about 1641, "for his 
confcience fake (many differences arif- 
ing) " ; where he built a block-houfe 
on the great Pequot road, on the fite 
where the Updike houfe (lands, or lately 
ftood, a little to the north of Wickford 
Hill, in No. Kingftown, R.-I. He was 
mixed up in the confliiTt of jurifdicftion 
between Rhode-Ifland and Connedlicut, 
and was appointed Conftable of Wick- 
ford by Conn, in 1663 ; was put under 
bonds in £400 to anfwer to R.-I. in 
1664; 28 Dec, 1665 appears as witnefs 
in the Warwick " acquittance"; is faid 
to have been one of Andros's Coun- 
cil in 1686; was appointed by Andros 
in that year Juftice of the Peace and 
" Sergeant-major and chief Commander 
of his Majefty's militia both of horfe 
and foot within the Narraganfett Coun- 
try, or Province, and all the Iflands"; 
died before 1692, when his will was 
proved, mentioning no wife nor chil- 
dren. Church calls him " Major" now, 
although he does not appear to have 
been fo until fome years after this date. 
[7?.-/. Hijl. Coll. iii : 32, 166, 271 ; R.-I. 
Col. Rec. iii : 198; Arnold's HiJl. R.-I. 
i : 283, 305, 307, 484.] 

i-« Afluming that by "Rehoboth" 
here is meant Myles's Garrifon (fee 
note 44, ante), the " neareft way over 
the Ferries" thence to Smith's block- 



houfe, would feem to have been through 
Mount-hope neck to Briftol ferry, thence 
down Rhode-Ifland to Newport, thence 
over by ferry to Conanicut, and 
thence by ftill another ferry to Wick- 
ford ; — a diftance which I eftimate as 
a little over 30 miles. The ferries from 
Newport to Jameftown and from Jamef- 
town to Narraganfett were not indeed 
formally eftablilhed by the Aflembly 
until 1700, but they had doubtleis been 
running for many years as an irrefpon- 
fible individual enterprife. It is poffible 
that this diftance might, at the date to 
which the text refers, have been mate- 
rially ftiortened by a route from Briftol 
Ferry to Prudence, and from thence to 
Wickford ; the latter a diftance of 5 or 
6 miles by water. The remark about 
"fair winds" which follows, perhaps 
favors this latter fuppofition ; and, at 
any rate, feems to fettle it that Church 
did not go round by Seekonk, Provi- 
dence, Pawtuxet and Apponaug Ferries, 
— neither of which was wide enough to 
make a fair wind of much confequence 
in crofting. This latter was clearly how- 
ever the route of the army, who made a 
detour from it in the vain hope of 
catching Pumham at his village in 
Wai-wick. [/?.-/. Col. Rcc. iii : 406, 

415-] 

I-'? Pumham (^Pomham) was Sachem 
of Shaixjomet {S/iaomet), the neck that 



50 



[ H] 

Army made their efcape into the defarts. But Mr. Church 
meeting with fair Winds arriv'd fafe at the Major's Garri- 
fon in the evening.^^^ And foon began to inquire after the 
Enemies Reforts, Wigwams or Sleeping Places; and having 
gain'd fome intelligence, he propofed to the Eldriges}'^ 
and fome other brisk hands, that he met with, to attempt 
the Surprizing of fome of the Enemy to make a Prefent of 
to the General, when he fhould arrive: which might ad- 
vantage his defign; being brisk blades, they readily com- 
ply'd with the motion, and were foon upon their March. 
The Night was very cold, but blefs'd with the Moon\ 
before the day broke they effe6led their exploit, and by 
the rifmg of the Sun arrived at the Major's Garrifon, 
where they met the General and prefented him with Eigh- 
teen of the Enemy, they had Captiv'd. The General 

projedls into Narraganfett Bay, having in Wickford, R.-I., in 1670; as is proven 

Providence River on the eaft, and Cow- by their names attached to a coroner's 

efet Bay on the fouth and weft, it being jury verdid, dated July 14, of that year, 

the eaftern portion of the town of War- In 1679, the names of John and Samuel 

wick, R.-I. The name is perhaps from are attached to a petition to the king. 

pimmu, "he Ihoots"; ptimivaen, pum- In 1692, Thomas was Lieui., and John, 

muaeti, " one who fhoots." With re- Ensign ; and in 1702, Daniel was C(r/>- 

dupUcative—pe-pumzvaen, "an arch- iain. Samuel was Conftable under ap- 

er" (Eliot). Or perhaps, from /«w«/o//- pointment of Conn, in the boundary 

/lam, "he goes by water" (goes in troubles of 1670, qnd thereabouts, and 

boats). Eliot ufes the derivative, /?/;«- was committed to jail by the R.-I. au- 

,noAAamtvaenuoo- (pi.) for " mariners " thorities for attempting to ac't for Conn. 

(Jonah, i: 5.). The pofition of the Sha- in an arreft for murder. Savage fug- 

omet or Warwick Indians favors this gefts that Samuel (of Cambridge m 

etymology. 1646) was the father of at leaft iome of 

i'!« The evening of Saturday, II Dec, them, adding that Samuel (the fon) 

1675. [i?.-/. Hiyi. Coll. iii : 83.] was at Rochefter in 168S. [i?.-/. Col. 

^■■^ There were three Eldridges (or Rec. ii : 344; "' = 60, 287, 461; R-I- 

Eldreds), Samuel, James, and Thomas, IHJl. Coll. iii : 1% ' Gen. Did. n : 107.] 

51 



[ H ] 



pleas'd with the exploit, gave them thanks, particularly to 
Mr. Churchy the mover and chief a6lor of the bufmefs; 
and fending two of them (likely Boys) a prefent to BoJlon\ 
fmiling on Mr. Churchy told him, That he made no doubt 
but his Faculty would fupply them with Indian Boys enotcgh 
before the War was ended. 

Their next move^^*^ was to a Swamp which the Indians 
had Fortifyed with a Fort.^^^ Mr. Church rid in the Gen- 



1^" Other authorities lliow that a week 
elapfed between the evening of the ex- 
ploit above related and the fwamp fight 
to which Church now refers. The Mafs. 
and Pljm. troops arrived on the eve- 
ning of the I2th. On the 14th, two 
forajs were made upon the enemy, and 
nine Indians were killed, twelve cap- 
tured, and 150 wigwams burned. On 
the 15th, feveral ftragglers from the 
main body of the Englifh were cut off. 
On the i6th, Capt. Prentice with his 
troop of horfe went to Bull's Garrilbn 
at Pettaquamfcut (on Tower Hill, in 
So. Kingftown, R.-L), and returned with 
the news that the Indians had burned 
it, and killed 10 men and 5 women and 
children. On the 17th, the Connedlicut 
troops arrived at Bull's. On the i8th, 
the Mafs. and Pljm. forces joined them 
at Pettaquamfcut at 5 p.m. Thej all 
then marched forward in the fnow, and 
camped out that night; ftarting again 
at break of day on Sunday the 19th, 
and about i p.m. reached the edge of 
the fwamp in which was the Indian 
fort. [Hubbard's iV«;-rrt/'/t't', 50; R.-I. 
HIJl. Coll. iii : 83.] 

^^1 This fwamp is <ituated in the north- 
weft portion of the ti. >f South Kingf- 



town, R.-I., very near the line of Rich- 
mond, — lefs than a mile north-weft 
from the track of the Providence and 
Stonington R.R., — on the farm of J. G. 
Clarke, Efq., and not far from the houfe 
of Judge W. Marchant. Dr. Stiles ftates 
that it " is about feven miles nearly 
due weft from Narraganfet South Fer- 
ry." On this. Judge Davis comments : 
"It is apprehended there is an error in 
the ftatement of the diftance of the fort 
from the South Ferry. Seventeen miles, 
inftead o{ feven, would be more confift- 
ent with the accounts given of the 
marches of the army, by cotemporary 
hiftorians." But the identification of 
the locality is complete, and by the 
road it is nearly teti miles from the 
Ferry. The explanation of the diftance 
named by cotemporaries is partly that 
the return route lay not to the Ferry, 
but to Smith's garrifon in Wickford, 
the fite of which is diftant (by way of 
Bull's on Tower Hill,) fcarcely lefs than 
feventeen miles, by the prefent roads, 
from the fwamp ; and more, that the 
journey followed the winding Indian 
paths, and was accomplifhed through 
deep fnow and in a night of intenfe 
cold. The fort was a ftockade enclofing 



52 



[ h] 



erals guard when the bloiidy ingagement began ; but being 
impatient of being out of the heat of the a6lion, importu- 
nately beg'd leave of the General that he might run down 
to the affiftance of his friends, the General yielded to his 
requefl, provided he could rally fome hands to go with 
him. Thirty Men immediately drew out and followed 
him: They entred the Swamp and paiTed over the Log, 
that was the paffage into the Fort, where they faw many 
Men and feveral Valiant Captains lye flain:^^ Mr. Church 
fpying Capt. Gardner^"^^ of Salem amidft the Wigwams in 



five or fix acres of upland in the middle 
of the fwamp by a palifade, which was 
defended by a hedge "of almoft a rod 
thicknefs through which there was no 
pafling, unlefs they could have fired a 
way through, which then they had no 
time to doe." The only regular entrances 
were along a log which bridged a fpace 
of water, and over another log which 
was defended by a block-house. [Hub- 
bard's Narrative, 52 ; R.-I. Hijl. Coll. 
iii : 85; Stiles's ed. Church, 29; Davis's 
Mortoti's Memorial, 433.] 

1*^ The accounts vary very much as 
to the number of killed and wounded. 
A letter — fuppofed by Hutchinfon to be 
by Maj. Bradford, but Ihown by Mr. 
Drake {^Book of the Indians. 219] to be 
by Capt. James Oliver — written a lliort 
time after, from the field, and which the 
writer fays he has verified by reading 
to the ofiicers in his tent, would feem 
to have the befl: elements of reliable- 
nefs. It fays 8 were left dead in the 
fort, 12 were carried away dead, and 
many died by the way, or as foon as 
brought in ; fo that they buried the next 



day (20 Dec.) 34, the next day 4, and 
the next day 2. Eight died on Rhode- 
Ifland (whither moft of the wounded 
were carried, for care), i ^t Pettaquamf- 
cut, and 2 were loft in the woods. He 
makes the total "about 68" who died, 
and 150 wounded who recovered. Capts. 
Johnfon, Davenport, Gardner, Seelj', 
Gallup, Marlhall, and Mafon were killed, 
or died of their wounds. [Hutchinfon's 
Hiji. Ma/s., (ed. 1795), i: 272.] See 
Drake's Hi/i. Bojion [i : 414] for a lift 
of the killed and wounded of the Mafs. 
quota. 

133 Capt. Jofeph Gardner was fon of 
the firrt Thomas, of Salem; married 
Ann, dau. of Emanuel Downing, in 
1656; was freeman in 1672; captain 
of one Salem company in 1674. He 
owned the fine old houfe in Salem — 
ftanding until 1750 (of which Felt gives, 
an engraving) — known afterward as 
the "Bradftreet Manfion"; his widow 
marrying Simon (afterwards Gov.) 
Bradftreet. [Savage's Gen. DiiH. ii : 
22S; Felt's Annals of Salem, i: 412; 
ii: 497.] 



53 



[ 15 ] 

the Eaft end of the Fort, made towards him, but on a 
fuddcn, while they were looking each other in the Face, 
Capt. Gardner fettled down, Mr. Church ftep'd to him 
and feeing the blood run down his cheek, lifted up his 
Cap, and calling him by his Name; he look'd up in his 
Face, but fpoke not a Word, being Mortally Shot thro' 
the head; and obferving his Wound, Mr. Church found 
the ball entred his head on the fide that was next the Up- 
land, where the EngliJJi entred the Swamp. Upon which, 
having ordered fome care to be taken of the Captain, he 
difpatch'd information to the General that the beft and for- 
wardeft of his Army that hazarded their lives to enter the 
Fort, upon the muzzle of the Enemies Guns, were Shot in 
their backs, and kill'd by them that lay behind. Mr. 
Church with his fmall Company haflen'd out of the Fort 
(that the EngliJIi were now polTelfed of) to get a Shot at 
the I7idia7is that were in the Swamp, & kept firing upon 
them. He foon met with a broad bloody track, where the 
Enemy had fled with their Wounded men; following hard 
in the tra6t, he foon fpy'd one of the Enemy, who clap'd 
his Gun a-crofs his breaft, made towards Mr. Churchy and 
beckned to him with his hand; Mr. Church immediately 
commanded [15] no Man to hurt him, hoping by him to 
have gain'd fome intelligence of the Enemy, that might be 
of advantage; but it unhappily fell out that a Fellow that 
had lag'd behind coming up, fhot down the Indian, to Mr. 
Church^ great grief and difappointment. But immedi- 
ately they heard a great fhout of the Enemy, which feem'd 

54 



[ IS ] 

to be behind them, or between them and the Fort; and 
difcover'd them running from tree to tree to gain advant- 
ages of firing upon the EiigliJJi that were In the Fort. Mr. 
Churches great difficulty now was how to difcover himfelf 
to his Friends In the Fort, ufmg feveral Inventions, till at 
length gain'd an opportunity to call to, and Inform a Ser- 
jeant in the Fort, that he was there, and might be expofed 
to their Shots, unlefs they obferv'd It. By this time he 
difcovered a number of the Enemy almoft within Shot of 
him, making towards the Fort; Mr. Church and his Com- 
pany were favoured by a heap of brufh that was between 
them and the Enemy, and prevented their being difcover'd 
to them. Mr. Church had given his Men their particular 
orders for firing upon the Enemy; and as they were rlfing 
up to make their Shot, the afore-mentioned Serjeant in the 
Fort called out to them, for God^s fake not to Jire, for he 
believed they were fome of their Friend Indians ;^'^^ They 
clap'd down again, but were foon fenfible of the Serjeants 
miftake. The Enemy got to the top of the Tree, the body 



J^ One hundred and fifty Mohegans executed ; teftified, according to Roger 
and Pequots formed a part of the Conn. Williams's record, " if the Monhiggins 
forces. Capt. Oliver (note 132, ante) & Pequts had bene true, they might 
does not fpeak well of them. He fays : haue deftroyed moft of the Nahiggon- 
"Monhegins and Pequods proved very fiks; but the Nahigonfiks parlied witli 
falfe, fired into the air, and fent word them in the beginning of the fight, ^o 
before they came they would do fo, but that they promifed to Ihoote high, wiiich 
got much plunder, guns and kettles." they did, & kild not one Nahigonfik 
So Jofhua Tift, a renegade Englifhman, man, except againft thejr wills." 
who had married an Indian wife, and [Trumbull's Hijl. Conn, i : 337 ; Hutch- 
was aaive in this fight, but was after- infon's Hiji. Mafs. (cd. 1795,) i: 273; 
wards taken, examined, condemned, and 4 Majs. HiJi. Coll. vi : 308.] 

55 



[ 15 ] 

whereof the Serjeant flood upon, and there clap'd down 
out of fight of the Fort, but all this while never difcovered 
Mr. C/mrck, who obferved them to keep gathering unto 
that Place, until there feem'd to be a formidable black 
heap of them. Now brave boys (faid Mr. Church to his 
Men) if we mind our hits, we may have a brave Shot, and let 
our Jign for firing on them, be their rifing up to fire into the 
Fort. It was not long before the Indians riling up as one 
body, defigning to pour a Volley into the Fort. When 
our Church nimbly flarted up and gave them fuch a round 
Volley, and unexpe6led clap on their backs, that they who 
efcaped with their Lives, were fo furprized, that they 
fcampered, they knew not whether themfelves; about a 
dozen of them ran right over the Log into the Fort^ and 
took into a fort of a Hovel that was build with Poles, after 
the manner of a corn crib. Mr. Church''^ Men having 
their Catteridges fix'd, were foon ready to obey his order, 
which was immediately to charge and run on upon the 
Hovel, and over-fet it, calling as he run on to fome that 
were in the Fort to affift him in over-fetting of it; they no 
fooner came to Face the Enemies fhelter, but Mr. Church 
difcover'd that one of them had found a hole to point his 
Gun through, right at him; but however incouraged his 
Company, and ran right on, till he was ftruck with Three 
Bullets, one in his Thigh, which was near half of it cut 
off as it glanced on the joynt of the Hip-bone; another 
thro* the gatherings of his Breeches and Draws, with a 
fmall flefh Wound; a third peirced his Pocket, and 

56 



[ i6] 

wounded a pair of Mlttins, that he had borrowed of Capt. 
Prentice] being wrap'd up together had the mif- [i6] 
fortune of having many holes cut thro' them with one 
Bullet: But however he made fhift to keep on his Legs, 
and nimbly difcharged his Gun at them that wounded 
him: being difinabled now to go a ftep, his Men would 
have carried him oft', but he forbid their touching of him, 
until they had perfedted their proje6t of over-fetting the 
Enemies jGielter; bid them run, for now the hidians had 
no Guns charged. While he was urging them to run on, 
the Indians began to fhoot Arrows, and with one peirc'd 
thro' the Arm of an EjigliJJi Man that had hold of Mr. 
Churches Arm to fupport him. The EngliJJi^ in fhort, 
were difcourag'd, and drew back. And by this time the 
EngliJJt People in the Fort had began to fet fire to the 
Wigwams & Houfcs in the Fort, which Mr. Church laboured 
hard to prevent; they told him. They had orders from the 
Gc7ieral to burn them\ he beg'd them to forbear until he 
had difcours'd the General ; and haftning to him, he beg'd 
to f pare the JVigwams, &c. in the Fort fro7n fire, told him, 
The Wigwams were Musket-proof being all lui'd tmth 
Bafkets and Tubbs of Grain, and other Provifions, ftif- 
ficient to fupply the zvhole Army, tmtil the Spring of the 
Tear',^^ and every wounded Man might have a good warm 
Houfe to lodge in, which other-ways would neceffarily pcrifii 
with the Storms and Cold. And more-over, that the Army 

135 Church's part experience in the nature to urije this confideration upon 
commiffary department had been of a his mind with great force. 
8 57 



[ i6] 

had no other Provijion to truft unto or depend upon ; that he 
knew that Plymouth Forces had not fo much as one Bifcake 
left, for he had feen their lafl dealt out, &c. The General 
advifing a few Words with the Gentlemen that were about 
him, Mov'd towards the Fort, defigning to ride in himfelf, 
and bring in the whole Army. But juft as he was entring 
the Swamp, one of his Captains ^^'^ meet him, and asked 
him. Whither he was going? He told him into the Fort; 
the Captain laid hold of his Horfe, and told him, His Life 
was worth an hundred of theirs, and he fliotild not expofe 
himfelf The General told him. That he fuppofcd the 
brtmt was over, and that Mr. Church had informed him 
that the Fort was take^i, &c. And as the cafe was circtmi- 
flanced he was of the Miitd, that it was mofl practicable for 
him, and his Army to fJielter thanfelves in the Fort. The 
Captain in a great heat, reply'd. That Church lfd\ and 
told the General, That if he mov^d another flep towards the 
Fort he would flioot his Horfe under him. Then bruiled 
up another Gentleman, a certain Do6lor,^^^ and oppofs'd 
Mr. Churcl^s advice, and faid. If it were complfd with, it 

i^** Likely to be Captain Mofelj, who were provided." Dr. John Clark, ap- 

was a " rough and fanguinary foldier," parently fon of Dr. John, who came to 

and whom Hubbard names as very Bofton from Newbury, and whofe pic- 

adlive and ferviceable in the fight. ture hangs in the rooms of the Mais. 

\_Narrative, 54.] Hift. Soc, was appointed by the Mafs. 

^^ Church's reticence in regard to Court, on the 25th Feb. following, 

names, where cenfure is implied, is no- " chirurgion for y' fervice." Dr. 

ticeable. No record of the furgeons Matthew Fuller (fee note 69, aftte) was, 

accompanying this expedition has met no doubt, ftill furgeon-general of the 

my eye. Trumbull fays, " the beft fur- Plymouth troops. [7/^/?. Comi. i : 340, 

gcons which the country could furnilb, fiotc ; Mafs. Col. Ecc. v: 75.] 

5S 



[ 17 ] 

would kill i7tore Men than the Enemy had killed ; for (faid 
he) by to Morrow the wounded Men will be fo Jliff that 
there will be no fnoving of them'. And looking upon Mr. 
Church, and feeing the blood flowing a pace from his 
Wounds, told him, That if he gave fuch advice as that was, 
he fJiotdd bleed to Death like a Dog, before they would en- 
deavour to flench his blood. Though after they had pre- 
vailed againft his advice, they were fufficiently kind to 
him. And burning up all the Houfes and Provifions in 
the Fort; the Army returned the fame Night in the Storm 
and Cold: And I Suppofe every one that is acquainted 
with the circumflances of that Nights March, deeply 
laments the miferies that attended them, efpecially the 
[17] wounded & dying Men. But it mercifully came to 
pafs that Capt. Andrew Belcher^^ arrived at Mr. Smiths 
that very Night from Boflon, with a Veflel loaden with 
Provifions for the Army, who mufl: otherwife have perifli'd 
for want. Some of the Enemy that were then in the Fort 
have fince inform'd us, that near a third of the Indians 
belonging to all that Narraganfet Country were killed by 
the Englifli, and by the Cold that Night,^^ that they fled 

138 See note 52, ante. Smith's block- could not eftimate. Capt. Oliver fays, 

houfe flood on the cove making up 300 warriors were llain, and about 350 

north-wefterly from the entrance of were taken, with above 300 women and 

what is now called Wickford harbor. children. The Conn. Council wrote to 

1^59 Hubbard fays, on the ftory of one Andros (13 Jan., 1675-6), " about 600 of 

Potock, afterwards taken, that" the In- the Indians, men, women, & children, 

dians loft 700 warriors killed, befides as is faid, are flaine." Roger Wilhams, 

300, moft of whom died of their wounds in his account of the examination of 

and of expofure, with a number of old JolTiua Tift, fays, he faid that the Indians 

men, women, and children, which they " found 97 Aaine & 48 wounded, befide 

59 



[ 17 ] 

out of their Fort fo haflily that they carried nothing with 
them: that if the Englifli had kept in the Fort, the Indians 
had certainly been neceffitated, either to furrender them- 
felves to them, or to have perifhed by Hunger, and the 
feverity of the Seafon. Some time after this Fort-fight a 
certain Sogkonate India7i hearing Mr. Chnrch relate the 
manner of his being wounded, told him. That he did not 
knozu but he him/elf was the Indian that wounded him, for 
that he was one of that compaiiy of Indians that Mr. 
Church made a Shot upoji zvhen they were rifing up to make 
a Shot into the Fort ; they were 171 number about 60 or 70, 
that jifl then came dowji from Pumhams Town, and never 
before then fired a Gun againfl the Englifh ; that when Mr. 
Church fired tipon them he killed 14 dead in the Spot, and 
zvotmded a greater 7zumber than he killed, many of which 
dyed afterwards with their wounds, i^i the Cold and Storm 
the following Night. 

Mr. Church was movYl with other wounded men over 
to Rhode-Ifiand, where in about a Months time^^*^ he was 
in fome good meafure recovered of his Wounds, and the 
Fever that attended them. And then went over to the Gen- 
eral to take his leave of him, with a defign to return home. 

what flaughter was made in the howfes ing the firft edition, made here the 

& by the burning of the howfes, all of curious bkmder of fubftituting " three 

which he fajth were burnt except 5 months time" for "a months time," 

or 6 thereabouts." ^Narrative, 54; as originally fet down; and Dr. Stiles 

Hutchinfon's Ilijl. Mafs. (ed. 1795), i: did not correft their error, which has 

273, note ; Col. Rec. of Conn, ii : 398 ; been perpetuated in all the editions 

4 MaJ's. Jliji. Coll. vi : 309.] fmce, and which led Mr. Drake, in his 

"'^ Southwick's compofitors, in copy- fecond edition, quite naturally to fup- 

60 



[ 17] 

But the Generals great importunity again perfwaded him, 
to accompany him in a long March, into the Nipmiick Coun- 
try,^" tho' he had then Tents in his Wounds, and fo Lame 
as not able to Mount his Horfe without two Mens affiftance. 

In this March the firfl; thing remarkable was, they came 
to an Indian Town,"^ where there were many Wigwams 



pofe that Church here refers to an expe- 
dition into the Nipmuck country in 
March, 1676, which no other chronicler 
had noticed. As Church didtated his 
narrative, the chronology was correifl. 
The fight was on the 19th of December. 
It was probably feveral days after that 
date before Church, with the wounded, 
was got over to Rhode-Ifland. The 
Conn, forces foon went home to recruit, 
but the Mafs. and Plym. troops re- 
mained in garrifon at Wickford, and 
were re-enforced from Bofton, Jan. 10. 
The Conn, forces (fee Maj. Palmes's 
letter, Conn. Col. Rec. ii : 402) appear 
to have reached Wickford again, 27 
Jan., when the whole army feems to 
have ftarted for the Nipmuck country 
(whither the enemy were underftood to 
have fled), 1600 ftrong. This corref- 
ponds, very accurately, with the 
month's interval of which Church 
fpeaks, if he accompanied Gov. Win- 
ilow on this firft march, in force, from 
Wickford. Hubbard's account implies 
that our men ftarted from Wickford, 27 
Jan. [Hubbard's Narrative, 58, 60; 
Arnold's Hijl. R.-I. i : 406 ; Drake's 
Church, 65.] 

1" Nipmuck \_Nipnet\ was a name 
given to the petty tribes, or clans, of 
inland Indians fcattered over a large 



extent of country, in Windham and 
Tolland Counties in Connecfticut, Wor- 
cefter and Hampden Counties in Maffa- 
chufetts, and the northern part of 
Rhode-Ifland ; but their principal feat 
was at, or near, the great ponds in 
Oxford (Webfter), Mafs. From thefe 
ponds they probably derived their name 
of "Pond" or " Frefli-water " {nippe, 
nip) Indians. If the two names, or 
forms of the name, are not identical 
in origin, Nipnet belongs to the terri- 
tory, i.e. "at the frelh-water pond"; 
Nipmuck, to the tribe, {nip-amaug) 
"they filh in frelh water"; but poflTibly 
" a frelli water fifliing-place." This 
diftinguiflied them from the Shore In- 
dians, and the River Indians of the 
Connedticut Valley ; their neighbors on 
the weft. Snipjtc (corrupted from 
Mijhenipf-ci) Pond, in Ellington, Conn., 
was the bound where the country of 
the Nipmucks joined that of the River 
Indians on the weft, and the Mohcgan 
north-weft angle. 

"- Suppofed to be Pumham's town 
(fee note 127, antc^) in a rocky fwamp 
in Warwick, R.-I., — Warwick then em- 
bracing moft of what is now Warwick 
and Coventry. The diftancc is ftatcd 
as 20 miles from Smith's. [Baylies' 
Mem. Plym. Col. iii : 104.] 



61 



[ i8] 

in fight, but an Icy Swamp lying between them and the 
Wigwams, prevented their running at once upon it as they 
intended: there was much firing upon each fide before 
they pafs'd the Swamp. But at length the Enemy all fled, 
and a certain Moohegan that was a fi"iend Indian, purfued 
and feiz'd one of the Enemy that had a fmall wound in his 
Leg, and brought him before the General, where he was 
examined. Some were for torturinof of him to brinof him 
to a more ample confeflion, of what he knew concerning 
his Country-men. Mr. Church verily believing he had 
been ingenious in his confeflion, interceeded and prevailed 
for his efcaping torture. But the Army being bound for- 
ward in their March, and the Indians wound fomewhat 
difinabling him for Travelling, 'twas concluded he fhould 
be knock'd on the Head: Accordingly he was brought 
before a great fire, and the Moohegan that took him was 
allowed, as he defired, to be the Executiner. Mr. Church 
taking no delight [i8] in the Sport, fram'd an arrant at 
fome diftance among the baggage Horfes, and when he 
had got fome Ten Rods, or thereabouts from the fire, the 
Executioner fetching a blow with his Hatchet at the head 
of the Prifoner, he being aware of the blow, dodged his 
afide, and the Executioner mifling his flroke the Hatchet 
flew out of his hand, and had like to have done execution 
where 'twas not defign'd. The Prifoner upon his narrow 
efcape broke from them that held him, and notwithfliand- 
ing his Wound made ufe of his Legs, and hap'd to run 
right upon Mr. Church, who laid hold on him, and a clofe 

62 



[ 18] 

skuffle they had, but the Indiaji having no Clothes on 
flip'd from him, and ran again, and Mr. Church purfued 
the Indian, altho' being Lame, there was no great odds in 
the Race, until the hidiaji Humbled and fell, and they 
clofed again, skuffled and fought pretty fmartly, until the 
Indian by the advantage of his nakednefs flip'd from his 
hold again, and fet out on his third Race, with Mr. Church 
clofe at his heels, endeavouring to lay hold on the hair of 
his Head, which was all the hold could be taken of him; 
and running thro' a Swamp that was covered with hollow 
Ice, it made fo loud a noife that Mr. Chiirch expected (but 
in vain) that fome of his EngliJJi friends would follow the 
noife, and come to his affiftance. But the Indian hap'd to 
run a-thwart a mighty Tree that lay fallen near breaft- 
high, where he ftop'd and cry'd out a loud for help; but 
Mr. Church being foon upon him again, the Indian feized 
him faft by the hair of his Head, and endeavouring by 
twilling to break his Neck; but tho' Mr. Churches wounds 
had fome-what weakned him, and the Indian a ftout fel- 
low, yet he held him well in play, and twitted the Indians 
Neck as well, and took the advantage of many opportu- 
nities, while they hung by each others hair gave him 
notorious bunts in the face with his head. But in the heat 
of this skuffle they heard the Ice break with fome bodies 
coming a-pace to them, which when they heard. Church 
concluded there was help for one or other of them, but 
was doubtful which of them muft now receive the fatal 
llroke; anon fome body comes up to them, who prov'd to 

63 



[ 19 ] 

be the Indian that had firft taken the Prlfoner. Without 
fpeaking a word, he felt them out (for 'twas fo dark he 
could not diftinguifh them by fight) the one being clothed, 
and the other naked, he felt where Mr. CJmrches hands 
were faftned in the Netops-^*^ hair, and with one blow fet- 
tled his Hatchet in between them, and ended the ftrife. 
lie then fpoke to Mr. Chtirch and hugg'd him in his 
Arms, and thank'd him abundantly for catching his Prif- 
oner; and cut off the head of his Victim, and carried it to 
the Camp, and giving an account to the reft of the friend 
Indians in the Camp, how Mr. Church had feized his Prif- 
oner, &c. they all joyn'd a mighty fhout. 

Proceeding in this March, they had the fuccefs of killing 
many of the Enemy: until at length their Provifion failing, 
they return'd home.-^"^ 

King Philip (as was before hinted) was fled to a Place 
called Scatiacook, [19] between York and Albaiiy^'^^ where 

143 JSfctop means "friend"; (plu.) for a Dutchman. In this loofer fenfe 

Nctomfauog, " friends." The «' is the it is ufed here. 

pronoun of the firft perfon ; the o is i" Hubbard fays, "our Forces, having 
nafal. Eliot writes 7ietomp, as (Matt. purfued them into the woods between 
xxvi : 50) tietomp, tohtviichpcyauan f Marlbcrough and Brookfield in the 
" Friend, why art thou come hither.'" Road toward Con7icdicut, w-ere con- 
The general ufe of the word bj the ftrained to turn down to Bojion, in the 
Englilh was to defignate a friendly beginningofi^e^^M^/'j', for want of pro- 
Indian, an ally. From its conftant em- vifion, both for themfelves and their 
ployment (Roger Williams, \_Kcy, chap. horfes." Mather fays, " So then, Febru- 
I, R.-I. Hijl. Coll. i: 27] fays "What ary 5, the Army returned to Bojlon, 
cheere,iV(?/o/.?" is the general falutation not having obtained the end of their 
of all Englilh to the Indians) in addrefs, going forth." INarrative, 60] Brief 
Nctop came to be ufed as an appellative HiJl. 22.] 

for any Indian man, juft as Monjteuy i« SchagJiticokc is on the Hoofic and 

for a Frenchman, or Hans or Mynheer Hudlbn Rivers, 12 miles from Troy. 

64 



[ 19] 



the Moohags^^^ made a defcent upon him and killed many 
of his Men, which moved him from thence. 

His next kennelling Place was at the falls of Conne6li- 
cut River/*^ where fometime after Capt. Tiirncr^^^ found 
him, came upon him by Night, kill'd him a great many 



The Pincheon papers fay " the Scata- 
kook or River Indians, moft of them, 
were fugitives from New England in 
the time of Philip's war." [2 Majs. 
Hijl. Coll. viii : 244.] 

1*'' Increafe Mather fays, " We hear 
that Philip being this winter enter- 
tained in the Mohaxvks Country, Made 
it his defign to breed a quarrel between 
the E7igliyh and them ; to effedl which, 
divers of our returned Captives do i-e- 
port that he refolved to kill fome fcat- 
tering Mo/iaxvks, & then to fay that 
the EngliJJi had done it ; but one of 
thofe whom he thought to have killed 
was only wounded, and got away to 
his Country men, giving them to under- 
ftand that not the Engli/Ii but Philip 
had killed the Men that were Murdered, 
fo that inftead of bringing the Mohawks 
upon the EngliJJi, he brought them upon 
himfelf." Judd fays this " does not 
deferve the leaft credit." \^Bricf Hif- 
tory, 38; Hiji. Hadlcy, 182.] 

i'*^ The great falls in the Connecticut 
River, near where the towns of Mon- 
tague, Gill, and Greenfield meet, which 
Dr. Hitchcock thought the fineft in 
New England. Unable to plant as 
ufual, the Indians were driven to avail 
themfelves more of filTi ; and no fpot in 
the country offered fuch Ibad-fifhing as 
this. [ Geology of Mafs. 375 ; Hoy t's 
Antiq. Refcarches, 127.] 



1*^ William Turner, of Dartmouth, 
Eng., then of Dorchefter, 1642, free- 
man, 10 May, 1643, removed to Bof- 
ton, was " by trade a tailor," and was 
one of the founders of the firft Bap- 
tift Church in 1665. Early in Phil- 
ip's war, " he gathered a company of 
volunteers, but was denied a commif- 
fion, and difcouraged becaufe the chief 
of the company were Anabaptifts. After- 
wards, when the war grew more general 
and diftruAive, and the country in very 
great diftrefs, having divers towns 
burnt, and many men flain, then he 
was defired to accept a commifiion. 
He complained it was too late, his men 
on whom he could confide being fcat- 
tered ; however was moved to accept." 
He marched " as Captain, under Maj. 
Savage as chief commander, " to relieve 
the weftern towns. 19 May, 1676, with 
180 men, he furprifed the Indians at 
thefe falls and killed from 130 to iSo, 
but on his return was killed, with 38 of 
his men. He married Mary, widow 
of Key Alfop ; though he feems to have 
had another wife — perhaps named 
Frances. His will, dated 10 Feb., 1676, 
mentions children. [Savage's Gen. 
Did. iv : 348 ; Backus's HiJi. New Eng. 
i: 433; Hoj't's Antiq. Re/earchcs, 12S. 
Holland's HiJl. Wejlcrn Mafs. i: 121; 
Judd's Hijl. Hadley, 163, 171; Bene- 
dia's Hifi. Bapt. i : 384-] 



65 



[ '9 ] 



Men, and frighted many more into the River, that were 
hurl'd down the falls and drowned. 

Philip got over the River, and on the back fide of the 
WcUifd-hills^^^ meets with all the Remnants of the Nar- 
raganfet and Nipinuck Indians, that were there gathered 
together, and became very numerous; and made their 
defcent on Sudbury, and the Adjacent Parts of the Coun- 
try, where they met with and fwallowed up Valiant Capt. 
Wadfworth^^^ and his Company, and many other doleful 
defolations, in thofe Parts.^^^ The News whereof coming 
to Plyi^iouth, and they expecting probably the Enemy 
would foon return again into their Colony: The Council 
of War were called together ;^^^ and Mr. Church was fent 



i« Wachufett {Watcfiofuck) Moun- 
tain in Princeton, Mais. The word 
means " [the country] about the moun- 
tain." 

1'^"' Sa7)!ucl Wad/worthy joungeft fon 
of Chriftopher, of Duxbury, was born 
about 1630; was freeman 1668; mar- 
ried Abigail, dau. of James Lindall of 
Marfhfield, and was father of Benjamin, 
Minifter of the Firft Church, Bolton, and 
ninth Prelldent of Harvard College; he 
was the firft Captain of militia in Mil- 
ton, was diftinguilhed in Philip's war, 
and was cut off, with his Lieut, and 
" about thirty" of his men, in this Sud- 
bury fight. The portion of Sudbury 
which was attacked is now Wayland. 
See the Nnv- En gland Hijl. and Gen. 
Jicgiflcr, vii : 221, and Hudfon's Hiji. 
Marlborough, 75, for a difcuflion of the 
true date of this ftruggle. [Savage's 
Gen. Did. iv : 3S0.] 



151 Col. Church was here obvioufly 
confufed in his order of remembrance of 
events which had become diftant when 
he d'lft^ted this narrative. The attack 
on Sudbury took place, and Capt. Wadl- 
worth and his company were " fwal- 
lowed up" on the 21ft of April, 1676, 
nearly a month before the Falls fight, 
while the Plymouth Council of War — 
which, by what follows, affembled be- 
fore Rehoboth fell, on the 26th and 28th 
March, of the fame year — muft have 
been called together more than a month 
before the Sudbury maflacre. The tid- 
ings which alarmed the Colonifts and 
convoked the Council, mufl: evidently 
have been thofe of the furprife of Lan- 
cafter on the loth, and of the burning of 
Medfield on the 2ifi: of February. 

15- By the records, it appears that the 
Plymouth Council of War met on the 
29th Feb. and the 7th and loth March. 



66 



[ 19 ] 

for to them, being obferved by the whole Colony to be a 
Perlbn extraordinarily qualify'd for and adapted to the 
Affairs of War. Twas propofed in Council that leafl the 
Enemy in their return fhould fall on Rchoboth^ or fome 
other of their Out-Towns, a Company confifting of 60 or 
70 Men fhould be fent in to thofe Parts; and Mr. Church 
invited to take the Command of them. He told them, 
That if the Enemy returned into that Colony again, they 
might reafonably expcfl that they would come very nnmcrozis ; 
and that if hcfJiould take the Command of Men, he/Iiotild not 
lye in any Town or Garrifon with them, but would lye in the 
Woods as the Enemy did'. And that to fend otit ftch fmall 
Companies againfl fuch Multitudes of the Enemy that were 
now Miflered together, would be but to deliver fo many Men 
into their hands, to be defiroyed, as the Worthy Capt. Wadf- 
worth a7id his Company were. His advice upon the whole 
was, That if they fent out any Forces, to fend not lefs 
than 300 Souldiers; and that the other Colonies lliould be 
ask'd to fend out their Quota's alio; adding, That if they 
i7t tended to make an end of the War, by fubduing the En- 

The meeting of the 29th Feb. was at Michael Pierce and Lieut. Samuell Ful- 

Marlhfield, and would appear to be that ler. Had it been already determined by 

of which Church here ipeaks. My the Council to fend out friend Indians, 

reafon for fixing upon that of this date they would hardly have " thought it no 

is. that this is the neareft date to the wayes advifable," as Church fays they 

Medfield alarm, and that one conclu- did when he talked with them. It is 

fion at which this feffion arrived was more likely that his arguments on this 

to order " 20 or 30 of the Southern In- occafion led them to change their form- 

dians " to go forth " with the other er policy in that rcfped, and pafs this 

(i.e. white Colonifts) whoe are under vote before they fcparulcd. IPIym. Col. 

prefTo" under the command of Capt. Rec.v: 1S7.] 

67 



[ 19] 



cmy, they muji make a btifinefs of the War, as the Enemy 
did ; and that for his own part, he had wholly laid afide all 
his own private bjfinefs and concerns, ever fine e the War 
broke out. He told them, That if they would fend forth 
fitch Forces as he fwuld direfi to, he would go with them, for 
Six weeks March, which was long enough for Men to be kept 
in the Woods at once ; ajid if they might be fire of Liberty 
to return in fuch a fpace. Men would go out chcarfdly. 
And he would engage i^o of the befl Souldiers ftould imme- 
diately Lift Voluntarily to go with him, if they would pleafe 
to add 50 more; and 100 of the Friend Indians ; and with 
fuch an Army he made no doubt but he might do good Ser- 
vice ; but on other terms he did 7wt incline to be concern'' d. 

Their reply was, That they were already in debt, and fo 
big an Army would bring fuch charge upon them, that 
they fhould never be able to pay.^^^ And as for fending 



i'^ The Council, at its loth March 
feffion, affigned lands at Skoivamctt 
(Wai-vvick, R.-I.) to the fuppoled value 
of £500, at AJfonett neck (Freetown) 
to the value of £200, at AJfazvampfctt 
(around the pond in Middleborough) 
to the value of £200, and about Aga- 
ivam and Scpecan (in Wareham, and 
what is now Marion) to the value of 
£100, to be divided to the foldiers ; " noe 
-vay att p'fcnt a f peering to raife 7noti- 
cys" They, at the fame time, further 
laid a rate of £1000. upon the eleven 
towns of the Colony, "to be paved in 
clothing, provifions, or cattle, att mony 
prife; an indifferent good, ordinary 
cow being to be vallued at 455. and 



other cattle according to that propor- 
tion, for the payment of fuch of the 
fouldiers whofe needy condition may 
call for other fupplyes more fuitable 
for their families then lands," &c. The 
following lift of the proportions of the 
feveral towns in this rate has intereft 
as indicating their then relative fize. 
I add their feveral proportions of a 
" preffe " of 300 men, on the 29th March 
following. 





s. 


s. 


d. 


JIcil. 


Plymouth . . 


• 99 


03 


06 . 


30 


Duxbury . . 


. 46: 


II 


10 . 


16 


Bridgewater . 


. 46 


II 


10 . 


16 


Scituate . . 


• 165 


09 


00 . 


50 


Taunton 


• 9- 


13 


06 . 


30 



68 



[ 2o] 



out hidians^ they thought it no wayes advlfable, and in 
fliort, none of his advice practicable. [20] 

Now Mr. CJnirchcs Confort, and his then only Son were 
till this time remaining at Duxborotcgh, and his fearing 
their fafety there (unlefs the War were more vigoroufly 
ingaged in) refolved to move to RJiode-IJland \^^^ tho' it 
was much oppofed both by the Government, and by Rela- 
tions. But at length, the Governour confidering that he 
might be no lefs Serviceable by being on that lide of the 
Colony, gave his permit,^^^ and wifh'd he had Twenty 
more as good Men to fend with him. 

Then preparing for his Removal, he went with his fmall 
Family to Plymouth to take leave of their Friends; where 

fide, to prevent any invafion from the 
main. [/?.-/. Hijl. Coll. v : 165 ; R.-I. 
Col. Rec. ii : 535 ; Arnold's Hijt. R.-I. 
i: 409.] 

i^s The Plymouth Council of War. at 
the feflion of 29 Feb., 1675-6, pafied 
an order that " whereas great damage 
and prejudice may acrew, &c. all the 
inhabitants feated in this gou'ment lliall 
and doe abide in each towne of this col- 
lonie to which hee belongs, and not de- 
part the fame on p'ill of forfeiting the 
whole p'fonall eftate of each one that 
think of removing from the very heart .fhall foe doe to the collonies vfe, except 





s. 


s. 


d. 


Men. 


Sandwich . 


• 9- 


13 


06 . 


28 


Yarmouth . 


• 74 


15 


06 . 


26 


Barnltable . 


• 99: 


03 


06 . 


30 


Marlhfield . 


• 75: 


oS 


00 . 


26 


Rehoboth . 


. 136 


19 


00 . 


30 


Eaftham 


. . 66 


16 


06 . 


18 



Rehoboth was probably lightly rated 
in foldiers on account of the lofles 
which it had met with, after this affeff- 
nient of money and before the '' prefle " 
for men. \^Ply>n. Col. Rec. v : 191-3-] 

1^ At firft glance it feems ftrange to 



of the old fettlements to a poft then fur- 
rounded by hoftile Indians, for greater 
fafetv. But it muft be remembered that 
the infular pofition of Rhode - Illand 
rendered it comparatively fecure; in 
addition to which that Colony employed 
four row-boats (Arnold (ays J/oo/s), to 
be conllantly on the lookout, on every 



it be by the fpcciall order or allowance 
of the Gou', or any two of the other maj- 
eftrates, &c." This was to prevent the 
inhabitants of the Colony from remov- 
ing for prefent fafety to places from 
which they might not aftorsvard return ; 
to the Colony's detriment. {Plym. Col. 
Rec. V : 1S5.J 



69 



[ 2o] 

they met with his Wives Parents, who much perfwaded 
that She might be left at Mr. Clarks Garrifon/^*^ (which 
they fuppofed to be a mighty fafe Place) or at leall that 
She might be there until her foon expedted lying-inn was 
over (being near her time.) Mr. C/iurck no ways inclin- 
ing to venture her any longer in thofe Parts, and no argu- 
ments prevailing with him, he refolutely fet out for 
Taunton, and many of their Friends accompanyed them. 
There they found Capt. Peirce}^' with a commanded 
Party, who offered Mr. Church to fend a Relation of his 
w4th fome others to guard him to Rhode-IJland. But Mr. 
Church thank'd him for his Refpe6tful offer, but for fome 
good rcafons refus'd to accept it. In fhort, they got fafe 



'^^' Clark's Garrifon was fituated 
al>out three miles fouth-eaft from the 
village of Plymouth, on the weft bank 
of the Eel River, almoft againft the 
point of junction of Plymouth Beach 
■with the main land, and, perhaps three- 
quarters of a mile inland from that 
jun^^tion; very near to the lite of the 
houfe for many j'ears occupied by the 
late Rev. B. Whitmore. It was de- 
ftroyed on Sunday, 12 March, 1676; 
" Miftris Sarah Clarke" and ten other 
perfons being killed. The outrage was- 
committed by Tatofon and ten other 
Indians, of whom five were brought in 
and executed at Plymouth. \_Plym. 
Col. ' Rec. V : 204-6.] This was the 
only ferious attack made on Plymouth 
by the natives. 

1*^" Capt. Michael Pierce was at Iling- 
ham in 1646; in 1647 purchafed lands 



in the ConihafTet grant (Scituate) ; 
was in the Narraganfett fight, previous 
to which, he made his will, beginning 
thus : " Being, by the appointment of 
God, going out to war againft the In- 
dians, I do ordain this my laft will, &c." ; 
was put in command, early in 1676, of 
63 Englilbmen and 20 friendly Indians. 
They were to rendezvous at Plymouth, 
on Wednefday, the 8th March, and 
probablj' reached Taunton on the after- 
noon of the next day, March 9th, where 
Mr. Church now found him. On the 
26th of the fame month he was killed, 
with 51 of his Englilh, and n of his 
Indian soldiers, at Rehoboth, by an 
overwhelming force of the enemy. 
He had had two wive«, and ten chil- 
dren. [Deane's Hijl. Scit. 325 ; Plym. 
Col. Rec. v: 1S7; Blifs's HiJl. Rc/io- 
botk, 91.] 



70 



[ 20 ] 

to Capt. John Almy\ houfe^^ upon RJiodc-IJIaiid, where 
they met with friends and good entertainment. But by 
the way, let me not forget this remarkable Providence. 
viz. That within Twenty- four hours, or there abouts,^'^^ 
after their arrival at RJiode-IJland, Mr. Clarks Garrifon 
that Mr. CJmrch was fo much importuned to leave his 
Wife and Child at, was deftroyed by the Enemy. 

Mr. Church being at prefent difinabled from any par- 
ticular Service in the War, began to think of fome other 
employ; but he no fooner took a tool to cut a fmall flick, 
but he cut off the top of his Fore finger, and the next to it, 
half off; upon which he fmillingly faid. That he thought 
he was out of his way, to leave the War; and refolved he 
would to War again. Accordingly his Second Son^*^ 
being born on the 12th oi Alay and his Wife & Son like to 
do well, Mr. Chw'ch imbraces the opportunity of a paffage 

^^ See note 4, ante. After confider- what was called Fogland, or Codman's 
able refearch, I had failed to fecure ferry, and at that time kept a houfe of 
proof fixing the fpot of Capt. Almy's entertainment, &c." This endorfes my 
refidence, but from all the probabilities fuppofition, as Fogland ferry conneiTts 
of the cafe had decided that he muft Punkatees neck %vith Portfmouth, mid- 
have lived on the eaftern Ihore of way between the points above named. 
Portfmouth, R.-L, fomewhere between (See notes 86 and 91, aiitc.') 
M'Carrj's Point on the north and ^^^ This fettles the date of this arri- 
Sandy Point on the fouth, oppofite val as 11-13 March, 1676. Probably 
Punkatees neck. I have now, by the Church left Plymouth with his family 
kindnefs of Judge W. R. Staples, re- on Wednefday or Thurfday, the 8th or 
ceived, from Mr. Richard Sherman, 9th, and reached Almy's on Saturday, 
who was Town Clerk of Portfmouth for the nth, the day before Clark's Garri- 
nearly half a century, a note in which fon was burned. 

he fays : " I have been informed by i*^ Co/ijiant, who became a Captain 

old perfons now deceafed, that one under his father in fome of his later 

Capt. John Almy lived in a houfe near expeditions. 

71 



[ 21 ] 

in a Sloop bound to Barnjlable\ who landed him at SogJco- 
nejfet^^^ from whence he rid to Plymouth\ arrived there on 
the firllTuefday in 7z/;2^:^'^2 'pj^g General Court then fit- 
ting,^*^^ welcomed him, told him they were glad to fee him 
Alive. He reply'd, He was as glad to fee them Alive, for 
he had feen fo many fires and fmokes towards their fide of 
the Country lince he left them, that he could fcarce eat or 
lleep with any comfort, for fear they had been all deftroyed. 
For all Travelling was ftop'd, and no News had paffed for 
a long time together. He gave them account, that the 
Indians had made horrid defolations at Providence, War- 
wick, Petuxit, and all over the Narraganfet Country ,-^^ & 
that they prevailed daily againft the EngliJJi on that fide of 
the Country. Told them, he long'd to hear what Methods 
they defign'd in the War. [21] They told him. They 
were particularly glad that Providence had brought him 
there at that juncture: For the}^ had concluded the very 
next day to fend out an Army of 200 Men, two third 
EngliJJi, and one third Indians, in fome meafure agreeable 
to his former propofal; expe6ling Bojlon and Conne^icut 

I'^i Sogkoncjfei {Sachotie^t, Sugkones, i*"'^ The "Court of EleAion" met at 

Siicco>ic/i/, Siicconncjfef, dc.) was the Plymouth, on Monday, 5 June, 1676. 

general name applied to the townlliip i*^* Warwick, R.-I., was burned 17 

of Falmouth, Mafs., in the early rec- March (fo Hubbard, 66; Mather, 24; 

ords. The word appears to be a dimin- Palfrey's Hiji. N. E. iii : iSS; but Ar- 

utive from Sogkonate. The harbor nold, i : 408, fays March 16, quoting no 

where Church landed was what is now authority.) ; Seekonk, or Pawtucket, 

known as Wood's Hole in Falmouth. March 28th, and Providence, March 

This would then be diltant probably 35 30th. [See Davis's Morton's Memo- 

miles from Plymouth. rial, 43S; R.-I. Hiji. Coll. v: 166.] 

^'■'^ 6 June, 1676. 

72 



[ ^I ] 

to joyn with their Quota\}^ In fhort, It was fo con- 
cluded. And that Mr. Church fhould return to the IJIand, 
and fee what he could Mufter there, of thofe that had 
mov'd from Swanzey, Dartmouth, ^c.}^ So returning the 
fame way he came; when he came to Sogkoneffet, he had 
a fham put upon him, about a Boat he had bought to go 
home in; and was forced to hire two of the friend Indians 
to paddle him in a Canoo from El/adcths^^^ to Rhode- 
IJlmid. 

It fell out that as they were in their Voyage palling by 
Sogkonate-pomt^^^ fome of the Enemy were upon the 



"^^ The vote was thus: "Vpon con- 
fideration of the neflefitie of fending 
forth fome forces, to be, bj the healp 
of God, a meanes of our fafety and 
prefervation, the Court came to a con- 
clufion and doe heerbj voate, that one 
hundred and fifty Englifli, and fifty In- 
dians, be with the beft fpeed that may 
be raifed and provided and fent forth 
towards the frontiere p'tes of this collo- 
nie, to be vpon motion to fcout to and 
frow for the fafty of the collonie ; the 
time appointed of fending forth is on 
Weddenfday, the 21ft of this inftant 
June, 1676." {^Plym. Col. Rec. v : 

I97-] 

166 The General Affembly of R.-I. 
voted, 13 March, 1675-6 : " Wee finde 
this Collony is not of ability to main- 
taine fufiicient garrifons for the fecurity 
of our out Plantations. Therefore, we 
thinke and judge it moft fafe for the 
inhabitants to repaire to this Illand, 
which is the moft fecureift." Some of 
10 73 



thofe Plymouth Colonifts who refided 
near, feem to have availed themfelves 
of this fuggeftion, and taken refuge on 
the Ifland. [/?.-/. Col. Rcc. ii : 533.] 

167 The Elizabeth Iflands, with very 
narrow channels between them, ftretch 
fouth-weft from Falmouth nearly feven- 
teen miles; dividing Buzzard's Bay 
above them from Vineyard Sound be- 
low them. The diftance from Fal- 
mouth to Rhode-Ifland, following the 
fouthern Ihore of thefe iflands, then 
bearing away for Saconet Point, and 
round that ftraight to the neareft point 
of Rhode-Ifland, is about 35 miles. 

168 Saconet Point is the fartheft 
fouth-weftern extremity of Little Comp- 
ton, R.-I. The rocks on which Ihefc 
Indians were filliing were, moft likely, 
thofe of the ledge known as " Onion 
rock," a few feet otf from the Point; 
now acceffible at low water, and then, 
doubtlefs, joined to the main by a fand- 
hill fince worn away. A canoe, pad- 



[ 21 ] 

Rocks a fifhing; he bid the Indimts that managed the 
Canoo to paddle fo near to the Rocks as that he might call 
to thole Indians'^ told them, That he had a great mind 
ever lince the War broke out to fpeak with fome of the 
Sogkonate Indians, and that they were their Relations, and 
therefore they need not fear their hurting of them. And 
he added. That he had a 77iighty conceit that if he could gain 
a fair Oppo^^tunity to difconrfe them, that he could draw 
them off from Philip, for he knew they never heartily loved 
him. The Enemy hollowed and made figns for the Canoo 
to come to them: But when they approach'd them they 
skulked and hid in the clifts of the Rocks; then Mr. 
Chjcrch ordered the Canoo to be paddled off again, leaft if 
he came too near they fhould fire upon him. Then the 
Indians appearing again, beckn'd and calFd in the hidiait 
Language, and bid them come a-fhore, they wanted to 
fpeak with them. The Indians in the Canoo anfwered 
them again; but they on the Rocks told them. That the 

dling for Rhode-Ifland from the Vine- localities, has made fome curious blun- 

yard Sound, in fmooth water (and it ders in his verfion of this occurrence, 

could make the paffage in no other), He fays : " It hapened that the faid 

would head from the fouth-weftern ex- Capt. Church, fome time in Jtoic laft, 

tremity of Cuttyhunk obliquely acrofs viz. of this prefent year, 1676, pafling 

the entrance of Buzzard's Bay, ftraight over in a Canoo from Pocajfct to Road- 

toward Saconet Point, and in rounding IJlaiid, as he ufed frequently to do 

that Point would go infide of both Eaft (having had much imployment upon 

and Weft illands into the "Eaft Paf- the faid Neck of Land, fo called) feveral 

fage." This would bring it, inevitably, Indians whom he had known before at 

within a fhort diftance of the rocks here Lakenhajti (a village on PocaJJet Jtde) 

defcribed. Many tautog are ftill beckned to him, as if they had a mind 

yearly caught from them. to fpeak with him, &c. &c." \_Narra- 

Ilubbard, through ignorance of the thie., 104.] 

74 



[ 21 ] 

furff made fuch a noife agalnft the Rocks, they could not 
hear any thing they faid.^*^^ Then Mr. Church by figns 
with his hands, gave to underfland. That he would have 
two of them go down upon the point of the beach (a place 
where a Man might fee who was near him^™) accordingly 
two of them ran a-long the beach, and met him there; 
without their Arms, excepting that one of them had a 
Lance in his hand; they uged Mr. Chtirch to come 
a-fhore for they had a great defire to have fome difcourfe 
with him; He told them, if he that had his weapon in his 
hand would carry it up fome diftance upon the beach and 
leave it, he would come a-lhore and difcourfe them: He 
did fo, and Mr. Chiirch went a-fhore, hailed up his Canoo, 
ordered one of his Indians to flay by it, and the other to 
walk above on the beach, as a Sentinel to fee that the 
Coafts were clear. And when Mr. Chtcrch came up to 
the Ltdians, one of them happened to be honeft George^'^ 
one of the two that AiuaJJionks formerly fent to call him to 
her Dance, and was fo careful to guard him back to his 
Houfe again; the laft Sogkonate Indian he fpoke with 
before the War broke out; he Ipoke EngliJJi very well. 

1(^3 This is ftill the cafe, even in a ilj occur to one familiar with this fpot 
cahn day when there are no furface as now fuitabie for the ufe which 
waves which would fwamp a canoe ; Church here propofed ; but the abrafion 
as the northward ground-fwell rolls in of the ftorms of ahnoft 200 years has, 
here without obftrucition from the broad unqucilionably, fo changed all the con- 
Atlantic through the opening of near figuration of the fand fpits, that none of 
fifty miles, between Block Ifiand and them now remain exadly as then, though 
Martha's Vineyard. During and after it has fcarcely modified the rocks them- 
a florm, the furf is fublime. felves. 

i''J'Two or three "points " will read- ^'^ Sec note 13, ante. 

75 



[ 22 ] 

[2 2] Mr. Church asked him where AwafJionhs was ? he told 
him in a Swamp about three Miles oft?'^ Mr. Church again 
asked him, What it was he wanted that he hollowed and 
called him a-fhore? he anfwered, That he took him for 
Church as foon as he heard his Voice in the Canoo, and 
that he was very glad to fee him alive, and he believed 
his Miftrifs would be as glad to fee him, and fpeak with 
him; he told him further, That he believed fhe was not 
fond of maintaining a War with the E7iglifJi\ and that fhe 
had left Philip, and did not intend to return to him any 
more; he was mighty earneft with Mr. Church to tarry 
there while he would run and call her: but he told him 
no; for he did not know but the Indians would come 
down and kill him before he could get back again; he 
said, if Alount-hope or Pocaffet hidians could catch him, 
he believed they would knock him on the head : But all 
Sogkonate Indians knew him very well, and he believed 
would none of them hurt him. In Ihort, Mr. Church re- 
fufed then to tarry, but promifed that he would come over 
again, and fpeak with AzvaJJionks, and fome other Indiaiis 
that he had a mind to talk with. 

Accordingly he appointed him to notifie AwaJ/io7iks, her 



i''^ This was Tomfc Swamp (fo called Saconet Point to Tiverton, to the road 

in the Proprietors' Records) on an up- from the Town farm to the Commons, 

land mound in which, the favorite head- The houfe of Mr. Gray Wilbor is prob- 

quarters of this Squaw-fachem feem to ablj now the neareft dwelling to the 

have been. It is that fwamp through fite of this lair of Awafhonks. I am 

which what is called the "fwamp road" told that an old Indian burjing-ground 

palfes, in croffing from the road from is ftill traceable in that vicinity. 

76 



[ " ] 



Son Peter, their Chief Captain, and one Noinpaf/i,^''^ (an 
Indian that Mr. Church had formerly a particular refpe6l 
for) to meet him two dayes after, at a Rock at the lower 
end of Capt. Rzchmo7ids Farm; which was a very noted 
place ;^'* and if that day fhould prove Stormy, or Windy, 
they were to expert him the next moderate day.^'^ Mr. 
Church telling George, that he would have him come with 
the Perfons mentioned, and no more. They giving each 
other their hand upon it parted, and Mr. Chirch went 
home,^"^ and the next Morning to New-port, and informed 
the Government, what had paffed between him and the 
Sogkonate Indians. And defired their permit for him and 
Daniel Wilcock^'^ (a Man that well underftood the Indian 



^"' Nompa/Ii {Nitinpoy/i, Numpits, 
Nitmpas) was appointed by Pljmouth 
Court, I Nov., 1676, with Petananuet 
(note 23, mite) and another Indian, to 
have the overfight of the fubmitted In- 
dians weft of Sippican River; and 
ferved as Captain of the Saconet In- 
dians in the firft Expedition to the 
Eaftward, in 1689. {^Plym. C.R.v: 215.] 

^"* yohn Richmond was one of the 
original proprietors of Little Compton, 
and drew the land here referred to in 
the firft divifion by lot, 10 April, 1674. 
It is the farm now owned by William 
H. Chafe, and next north of that of 
Jofeph Brownell. The rock is ftill in 
exiftence, and well known in the neigh- 
borhood as " Treaty Rock." It is a dark 
fine-grained gneifs, lying, like an em- 
bedded bowlder, in a cultivated field, 
and evidently a good deal worn down 
by the attritions of hufbandry and the 



vifits of the curious. It is faid that the 
Indians ufed to leave traces on it, but 
few if any of them are now diftinguifti- 
able. The rock is not immediately on 
the Ihore, but well up the afcent of a 
beautiful flope, not far from 500 paces 
from the water's edge, and fome 30 
paces north of the northern boundary of 
Mr. Brownell's land. The landing oppo- 
fite to it is, perhaps, a half mile north of 
what is now known as Church's Point. 

i"5 Probably becaufe croflTmg in a ca- 
noe— Ihould that be necemiry — would 
be impoflible in a day windy enough 
to raife even the moft moderate fwell. 

i'*5 That is to Almy's houfe, near the 
Portfmouth landing of Fogland ferry. 
(See note 158, atitc.) 

1" Daniel Wilcocks would feem to 
be a fon of Daniel, who was chofcn to 
the " grand inqueft " at Newport by the 
inhabitants of Portfmouth, R.-I., March 



77 



[ " ] 

Language) to go over to them. They told him, They 
thought he was mad, after fuch Service as he had done, 
and fuch dangers that he efcaped, now to throw away his 
Life, for the Rogues would as certainly kill him, as ever 
he went over; and utterly refufed to grant his permit, or 
to be willing that he fhould run the rifque. 

Mr. Church told them. That it had ever been in his 
thoughts Jince the War broke out, that if he could difcourfe 
the Sogkonate Indians, he co7ild draw thcjn off from Philip, 
a7id employ them againfl him \ but coicld, till now, never 
have an Opportunity to fpeak with any of them, and zuas 
very lothe to lofe it, &c. At length, they told him, If he 
would go, it fliould be only with the two Indians that 
came with him;^'^ but they would give him no permit 
under their hands. He took his leave of them, Refolving 
to profecute his defign; they told him they were forry to 



I3> 1643; in 1678 had £10 granted him who complained of an outrage of the 

on account of a lawluit from Rhode- Sherifi' of Briftol County, at Little 

Illand, by Plymouth Court; in 1679 Compton, in 1695; whofe marriage in 

became one of the purchafers of land Rhode-Illand, with Mary Wordell, was 

atPocaffet; in 1686 (down as "of/'a«- declared illegal, 23 March, 1696-7, and 

/•otoy?") was bound over in £500 to an- of whom Bellomont complained, in 

fwer for purchafing land of an Indian 1699, as having been convidted of high 

contrary to law; and in 1690 was ob- mifdemeanor and fined, and as having 

fcurely complained of, in the half-oblit- made his efcape, I cannot determine, 

erated record, as making a " tumultuous Perfons of the name ftill own land at 

oppofition " to Thomas Hinckley's tak- Pww/iv^/cci neck in Tiverton, R.-I. [i?.- 

ing poffeflion of a grant of land at Sac- I. Col. Rec. i: 76; ii : 307, 323, 393; 

onet. Whether he was the fame Daniel Plyjn. Col. Rcc. v : 261 ; vi : 30, 202, 

Willcocks who married Elizabeth Cook, 245; viii ; 23.] 

of Plymouth, 28 Nov., 1661 ; who was i« That is, who paddled him from 

a proprietor at Saconet, 10 Apr., 1673; Falmouth. 

78 



[ 23 ] 

fee him fo Refolute, nor if he went did they ever expe6l to 
fee his face again. 

He bought a Bottle of Rhum, and a fmall role of To- 
bacco, to carry with him, and returned to his Family. 
The next Morning, being the day ap [23] pointed for the 
Meeting, he prepared two light Canoo's for the defign, and 
his own Man, with the two Indiaiis for his company. He 
ufed fuch arguments with his tender, and now almoft 
broken hearted Wife, from the experience of former pre- 
fervations, and the profpe6t of the great Service he might 
do, might it pleafe God to fucceed his defign, &€. that he 
obtained her confent to his attempt; and committing her, 
his Babes and himfelf to Heavens prote6lion. He fet out, 
they had from the Shore about a League to paddle ;^'^ 
drawing near the place, they faw the hidians fetting on 
the bank, waiting for their coming. Mr. Church fent one 
of the Indians a-fhore in one of the Canoo's to fee whither 
it were the fame hidians w^hom he had appointed to meet 
him, and no more; and if fo to ftay a-fhore and fend 
George to fetch him. Accordingly George came and 
fetched Mr. Church a-fhore, while the other Canoo play'd 
off to fee the event, and to carry tydings if the Indiatis 
fhould prove falfe. 

Mr. Church afk'd George whether AiuaJJionks and the 
other hidians he appointed to meet him were there ? He 

i"9 It is juft about that diftance from ante), to the Ihore oppofitc Treaty 
"Sandy Point," juft fouth of the prob- Rock; the courfe being very nearly 
able fite of Ahny's houfe (fee note 158, S.E. by S. 

79 



[ ^3 ] 

anfwered they were. He then alk'd him, If there were 
no more than they whom he appointed to be there ? To 
which he would give him no dire6t anfwer. However he 
went a-fhore, where he was no fooner landed, but Awa- 

JJionks and the reft that he had appointed to meet him there, 
rofe up and came down to meet him; and each of them 
fuccellively gave him their hands, and expreffed them- 
felves glad to fee him, and gave him thanks for expofing 
himfelf to vilit them. They walk'd together about a Gun- 
fhot from the water to a convenient place to fit down.-^^ 
Where at once a-rofe up a great body oi India7is, who had 
Iain hid in the grafs, (that was as high as a ^Nlans wafte) 
and gathered round them, till they had clos'd them in; 
being all arm'd with Guns, Spears, Hatchets, &c. with 
their hair trim'd and faces painted, in their Warlike ap- 
pearance. It was doubtlefs fome-what furprizing to our 
Gentleman at firft, but without any vilible difcovery of it, 
after a fmall filent paufe on each lide, He fpoke to Azva- 

J7io7iks, and told her. That George had informed him thatJJie 
had a d^Jire to fee hi?n, and difcotirfe about inaki7ig peace 
with the Englifh. She anfwered. Yes. Then faid Mr. 
Chtcrch, It is ctijlomary when People fneet to treat of Peace 
to lay afide their Arms, and not to appear in fnch Hoflile 

form as your People do : defired of her that if they might 
talk about Peace, which he defired they might. Her men 
might lay afde their Arms, and appear m,ore treatable. 

^^^ Doubtlefs to the rock itfelf. which. from 1200 to 1300 feet — from the 
as I have faid, is about 500 paces — or beach. 

80 



[ H] 

Upon which there began a coniiderable noife and murmur 
among them in their own Language. Till Awa/h4ynks 
ask'd him. What Arms they Ihould \a.\ do\^Ti, and where? 
He (perceiving the Iiidiaiis look'd ver\' furlv, and much 
dilplealed ) Replied. Only tJicir Guris at fonu fmall dijlancc^ 
for forj7ialiiy fake. Upon which with one confent they 
laid afide their Guns, and came and fat dov^Ti. 

Mr. Church pulled out his Callebafh -^'-^ and asked 
Awajho7iks^ WJuth^r Jli£ had [24] lived fo long <7/ Wetu- 
let,^" as to forget to dri?tk Occapechees;^^ and drinking to 
her. he perceived that fhe watch'd him ven* diligently, to 
lee (as he thought) whether he Iwallowed any of the 
Rhum; he offered her the Shell, but fhe defired him to 
drink again firll, He then told her, T/wre was jw poifon in 
it, and pouring fome into the Palm of his hand, fup'd it 
up, and took the Shell and drank to her again, and drank 
a good Swig which indeed was no more than he needed. 
Then they all llanding up, he faid to Aivaflwnks. You zcont 
drijik for fear there fJwuld be poifon in it: And then handed 
it to a little ill look'd fellow, who catched it readily enough, 
and as greedilv would have fwallowed the Liquor when 
he had it at his moutli; But Mr. Church catch'd him by 
the throat and took it from him. asking him. MlutJur lu 

1^^ A gourd veffel. or drinking cup, Indians had been gatliered. (See note 

made of ibnie tough Ihell ; vrhich. in 149. antt.') 

thofe davs, Tvhen potterv was colllier '-« Occafccics is a diminutive from 

than novr. was in common ufe. They occa/^', or. as Eliot wrote it, Omkmffc^ 

were, in the lal\ generation, often made '• ftrong drink." It means, therefore, 

of a cocoa-nut ihell. '• little rtrong drinks." " drams." ^Ab- 

^^ WaciMjlii, where Philip and his naki, ^-a'kblbi, r<7* df r;V. Ralles.) 
li Si 



[ h] 

intended to /wallow Shell and all ? And then handed it to 
AwaJJionks, fhe ventured to take a good hearty dram, and 
pafs'd it among her Attendants. 

The Shell being emptied, he pulled out his Tobacco^ 
and having diftributed it, they began to talk. 

Awa/Iionks demanded of him, the Reafon w^hy he had 
not (agreeable to his promife when fhe faw him laft) been 
down at Sogko7tate before now; Saying that probably if he 
had come then according to his promife, they had never 
jo37ned with PJiilip againfl the EngliJJi. 

He told her he was prevented by the Wars breaking 
out fo fuddenly. And yet, he was afterwards coming 
down, & came as far as Pujikatee/e, where a great many 
Indians fet upon him, and fought him a whole afternoon, 
tho' he did not come prepared to fight, had but Nineteen 
Men with him, whofe chief defign was to gain an Oppor- 
tunity to difcourfe fome Sogkonate Indians. Upon this 
there at once arofe a mighty Murmur, confufed noife, & 
talk among the fierce look'd Creatures, and all rifing up in 
an hubbub; and a great furly look'd fellow took up his 
Tomhog^ or wooden CutlaJJt^ to kill Mr. Church, but fome 
others prevented him. 

The Interpreter asked Mr. Church, if he underftood 
what it was that the great fellow (they had hold of) faid ? 
He anfwered him. No. Why, faid the Interpreter, He 
fays, you killed his Brother at Punkatee/e, and therefore he 
thirfts for your blood. Mr. Church bid the Interpreter tell 

him that his Brother began firfl ; That if he had kept at 

82 



[ 25 ] 

Sogkonate according to his defire and order, he fhould not 
have hurt him. 

Then the chief Captain commanded Silence^ and told 
them, That they Ihould talk no more about old things, 
&c. and quell'd the tumult, fo that they fat down again, 
and began upon a difcourfe of making Peace with the 
EngliJJi. Mr. Church ask'd them. What Propofals they 
would make, and on zvhat terms they would break their 
League with Philip? Defiring them to make fome Pro- 
pofals that he might carry to his Mailer's, telling them that 
it was not in his Power to conclude a Peace with them, 
but that he knew that if their Propofals were reafonable, 
the Government would not be unreafonable, [25] and that 
he would ufe his Intereft in the Government for them. 
And to encourage them to proceed, put them in mind that 
the Pequots ^^ once made War with the EngliJJi, and that 

1^* The name Pequot was given by animate objedl fpecified, the verb is 
the neighboring tribes to what was prop- Paguati6og; whence probably Win- 
erly an off-lhoot of the Mukkekanceiv throp's Pcquitis. It is fingular that lb 
(^Mohican and Mo/iegan) nation, and obvious an etymology, or rather tranf- 
was poffibly affumed by themfelves, as lation, has hitherto efcaped notice. 
" the dejlroyers" of their enemies. The The name, like that given to the " Mo- 
early Dutch voyagers called them Pe- hawks," exprelTes the terror with whicii 
quattoos and Pequatocs ; Roger Wil- this warlike race was regarded by other 
liams writes jPf^^w/^rfo^^, &c. ; Winthrop, New-England tribes. [Winthrop, 
Pekoatk, elfewhere Pequins, Sic. The Jour7tal, i: 52, 72, 122.] 
Indian verb fignifying " to deftroy," Their territory extended from the 
"to make havoc," has, before an inani- Niantic on the weft to the Paucatiick 
mate objea, Paguatoog (as Eliot writes on the eaft ; fome 30 miles in length by 
it, e.g.. Is. iii: 12) in the third perfon fome 20 in breadth, moftly in Connec- 
pluralofthe indicative, " they deftroy." ticut. The "Pequot war" took place 
This agrees almoft exadly with Roger in 1636-8. [De Foreft's ////?. Ind. of 
Williams's form of the name. With an Conn. 58; R.-I. Hijl. Coll. iii : 161.] 

83 



[ ^5 ] 

after they fubje6led themfelves to the EngliJJi^ the Englijli 
became their Protestors, and defended them againft other 
Nations that would otherwife have deftroyed them, &c. 
After fome further difcourfe, and debate, he brought them 
at length to confent that if the Government of Plymouth 
would firmly ingage to them, That they, and all of them, 
and their Wives and Children, JJionld have their Lives /pared, 
and no7te of them Iran/ported out of the Country, they ivotild 
fubfefl them/elves to them, and ferve them in what they were 
able. 

Then Mr. Chiireh told them, That he was well fatisfyed 
the Government of Plymotcth would readily concur with 
what they propofed, and would fign their Articles: And 
complementing them upon it, how pleafed he was with 
the thoughts of their return, and of the former friendfliip 
that had been between them, &e. 

The chief Captain rofe up, and expreffed the great value 
and refpeft he had for Mr. Church; and bowing to him 
faid, Str, If yoii I plcafe to accept of me and my mc7i, and 
zuill head us, we' I fight for you, and will help you to Philips 
head before Indian Corji be ripe And when he had ended, 
they all exprefs'd their confent to what he faid, and told 
INIr. Church they loved him, and were willing to go with 
him and fight for him, as long as the EnglifJi had one 
Enemy left in the Country. 

Mr. Church affured them. That if they proved as good 
as their word, they fhould find him theirs and their Chil- 

84 



[ ^5 ] 

dren's fafl friend. And (by the way) the friendfhip is 
maintained between them to this day.^^ 

Then he propofed unto them, that they fhould choofe 
five men to go ftraight with him to Plyiiiouth : They told 
him, No ; they would not choofe, but he fhould take 
which five he pleafed: fome complements palTed about it, 
at length it was agreed, They fhould choofe Three, and he 
Two. Then he agreed, with that he would go back to 
the Ifland that Night, and would come to them the next 
Morning, and go thro' the Woods to Plyjjwict/i. But they 
afterwards obje6ted. That this travelling thro' the Woods 
w^ould not be fafe for him; the Enemy might meet with 
them, and kill him, and then they fhould lofe their friend, 
and the whole defign ruined befide. And therefore pro- 
pofed. That he fliould come in an Englifh Veffel, and they 
would meet him and come on board at Sogkoiiate-point^ 

1^5 This was wi-itten in 1715 or 1716. each place. [See original printed Re- 
in June, 1698, Rev. Grindal Rawlbn, of port to Comm. for Prop. Go/pd, made 
Mendon, and Rev. Samuel Danforth, July 12, 1698.] In 1700 there were faid 
of Taunton, " Preachers to the Indians to be 100 Indian men ftill living in 
in their own tongue," vifited Little Little Compton. About 1750, a mort 
Compton, and reported that thev found deftruftive fever caufed great mortality 
two plantations of Indians there, at among them ; fo that in 1774 the R.-I. 
Saconct and Coke/Ft (on the borders cenfus reported there only i male and 
of Dartmouth); that Samuel Church, 13 females above 16 yrs., and 5 males 
alias So/ickawahham, taught the firft, and 6 females under that age, — 25 in 
and had ordinarily 40 hearers, of whom all. In 1803 there were "not more 
20 were men; and that, at the fecond, than 10" there. So far as I can learn 
Daniel Hinckley taught eleven families in the town, there is not one perfon 
twice every Sabbath. A fchoolmafter, with any trace of Indian blood recogniz- 
named A/iam, alfo labored at Cokcjit, able in his veins there now. [i Mafs. 
and there were two Indian rulers at Iliji. Coll. ix : 204; x: 114, 119.] 

S5 



[ 26 ] 

and Sail from thence to Sandwich : which in fine, was 
concluded upon. 

So Mr. Church promifing to come as foon as he could 
poflibly obtain a VcfTcl, and then they parted. lie re- 
turned to the Ifland, and was at great pains and charge to 
get a Veflel, but with unaccountable difappointments; 
fometimes by the falfenefs, and fometimes by the faint- 
hcartednefs of Men that he bargained with, and fomething 
by Wind and Weather, &c. [26] 

Until at length Mr. Anthony Low^^^ put into the Ilar- 
bour^*^' with a loaden Veflel bound to the Weftward, and 
being made acquainted with Mr. Churches cafe, told him, 
That he had Jo much kind^iefs for him, and was fo p leafed 
with the bufi7iefs that he was ingaged in, that he would rtm 
the veiiture of his Veffel & Cargo, to wait upon him. 
Accordingly, next Morning they fet Sail with a Wind that 
foon brought them to Sogkonate-point\ but coming there 
they met with a contrary wind, and a great fwelling Sea. 

The hidians were there waiting upon the Rocks, but 



^^ Aytthony L01VC {Loe), fon of John, there in May, 1704, and conflable there 

Bofton, removed after 1654 to Warwick, in Odt., 1706; or whether that Anthony 

R.-I.; in 1658 was fined £3, by Plym- were his fon, I cannot determine, 

outh Court for felling a piflol to an In- [Savage's Cren. Didi. iii : 125; Plym. 

dian, at Eaftham ; in 1680 owned land Col. Rec. iii: 137; vi ; 56, loi ; R.-I. 

adjoining Nathaniel Peck's in Swanfey, Col. Rec. iii : 498, 571.] 

and in 1682-3 was living at Swanfey, "^^ Newport Harbor, as I suppofe. 

and had an Indian flave named James, There is nothing that can be called a 

to whom the Plymouth Colony ordered harbor on the eafl: fhore of the ifland. 

his freedom and " a good fuite of Newport was not more than five or fix 

clothes." Whether he afterwards re- miles from Capt. Almy's houfe in 

turned to Warwick, and was freeman Portfmouth. 

86 



[ 26 ] 



had nothing but a miferablc broken Canoo to get aboard 
in. Yet Pt'/er Awajlionks ventured off in it, and with a 
great deal of difficulty and danger got aboard. And by 
this time it began to Rain and Blow exceedingly, and 
forced them away up the Sound ;^^^^ and then went away 
thro' Brijhl Ferry, round the Illand to Nac-porty carrying 
Pttcr w^ith them. 

Then Mr. CJnirch difmifs'd Mr. Loii\ and told him. 
That ijiafmnch as Providence opposd his going by Water^ 
a7id he cxpeiled that the Army would he up in a few days, 
and probably if he fJiouhi be gone at that junflure^ it ynight 
mine the whole dejign ; would therefore yield his I\yyage. 

Then he writ the account of his ti-anfa6lions with the 
Indians^ and drew up the Propofals, and Articles of Peace, 
and difpatch'd Peter with them to Plymouth; that his 
Honour the Governour if he faw caufe might fign them. 

Peter was fet over to Sogkonate on the Lords day^*^ 



'*« That is the " Eart Panagc," or 
Narraganfct River. 

189 Tiiis would Icoin to have been 
Sab., 25 June, 1676. The arTiiv, by the 
Court order (note 165, </«/<0, were to be 
ready to march on M'ednelday, n June ; 
they ought to reach the neighborhood 
of Rhode-Illand by the following Sab- 
bath, and fo it would be natural that 
there Ibould be " great looking for 
them," by this time. It is on record, 
alio, that Peter, with George and Da- 
vid, alias C/toiva/iNiimi, appeared be- 
fore the Council at Plymouth on the 
following Wednofday, iS June, 1676, 
in "' the bchalfc of thcnifclucs and other 



Indians of Saconett, to the number of 
about 30 men. with theire wiues and 
children, and tendered to renew theire 
peace with the Kngliih, and requerted 
libertie to fitt downe in quietnes on 
theire lands att Saconett." Their ex- 
amination is detailed, at length. On 
being upbraided for the wrong done in 
joining Philip, &c., " CkozvoiumiHti, 
laid : Wee cannot make fatilTaction for 
the wronge don ; but if our weenien and 
children can be cecured, wee will doe 
anv feruice wee can by fighting againlt 
the enimie." They further faid that 
i^tteeiUior.uiJTiieke was the firrt man that 
llincd up tlic Indians to join with 



S7 



[ 26] 

Morning, with orders to take thofe men that were chofen 
to go down, or fome of them at leafl with him. The time 
being expired that was appointed for the Eiigli/Jt Army to 
come, there was great looking for them. Mr. Church on 
the Monday Morning (partly to divert himfelf after his 
fategue, and partly to liften for the Army) Rid out with 
his Wife and fome of his friends to Portfmouth^'^ under a 
pretence of Cherrying; but came home without any News 
from the Army: But by Midnight, or fooner, he was 
roufed with an Exprefs from Maj. Bradford^ who was 
arrived with the Army at Pocajfd. To whom he forth- 
with repaired,^^^ and informed him of the whole of his pro- 
ceedings, with the Sogkonate Indians. With the Majors 



Philip, and that he was at Saconet, 
and promifed to try to furprife him as 
foon as they (hould return. The Coun- 
cil propofed that Peter fhould remain 
as a hoftage, to which he confented. 
It was finally decided that they lliould 
go back, and that fuch as Maj. Brad- 
ford defired for the army fliould join 
that, and the others give up their arms ; 
that any "murdering" Indians of their 
number fliould be delivered up, and 
that they Ihould not harbor the enemies 
of the Colony; on which conditions it 
was promifed that " they lliall haue a 
place affigned them for theire p'fent 
refidence in peace," with further prom- 
ifc for the future, " in cafe the warr doe 
feafe." IPlym. Col. Rec. v: 201-3.] 

i"^ If Church were ftill an inmate of 
Capt. Almy's houfe in Portfmouth, 
there fccms a little ftrangenefs in his 



fpeaking thus of riding out to Portf- 
mouth. He may have removed his 
family, before this, to Major Peleg 
Sanford's, in Newport (now in Middle- 
town), where, it will be feen, they were 
at the time of Philip's capture. Or, as 
the firft fettlement of the northern part 
of the ifland was around a cove between 
Briftol ferry and the Stone bridge (the 
fettlement being firft called Pocaffet; 
changed to Portfmouth, 1639-40), the 
name of Portfmouth may, at the date of 
which Church is here fpeaking, have 
been more efpecially appropriated to the 
original fettlement in the extreme north- 
ern portion of the prefent town, fo that 
he naturally fpoke of riding over from 
Capt. Almy's toward the Stone bridge, 
as riding out to Portfmouth. [Arnold's 
inji. R.-L i: 71, 125, 136, 143.] 
^'^^ Tucfday, 27 June, 1676. 



[ ^7 ] 

confent and advice, he returned again next Morning'^^ to 
the Ifland, in order to go over that way to AwaJJionks, to 
inform her that the Army vv^as arrived, &c. Accordingly 
from Sachueefet-Neck^^'^ he went in a Canoo to Sogkonate\ 
told her Maj. Bradford was arrived at PocaJJct, with a 
great Army, whom he had inform'd of all his proceedings 
with her. That if fhe would be advifed and obferve order 
fhe nor her People need not to fear being hurt by them. 
Told her. She fhould call all her People down into the 
Neck, leafl if they fhould be found ftraggling about, mif- 
chief might light on them. That on the Morrow they 
would come down and receive her, and give her further 
orders. She promifed to get as many of her People to- 
gether as poffibly fhe could. Defiring Mr. Church to con- 
fider that it would be difficult for to get them together at 
fuch fhort [27] warning. Mr. Church returned to the 
Ifland, and to the Army the fame Night: The next Morn- 
ing^^* the whole Army Marched towards Sogkonate as far 
as Punkatcefe ; and Mr. Chtirch with a few Men went 
down to Sogkonate to call Aiua/Jionks, and her People to 
come up to the Englifli Camp; as he was going down, 
they met with a Pocajffet Indian^ who had killed a Cow 
and got a Quarter of her on his back, and her Tongue in 
his Pocket; who gave them an account. That he came 
from Pocaffet two days fmce in company with his Mother 

192 Wednefday, 28 June, 1676. foot of which the village of Newport 

1^3 Sachuccfet ISachueJll^ neck is the forms the inftep. It is diftant about 3 

fouth-eaftern point of the illand of miles, by water, due weft, from Saconet. 

Rhode-Illand ; the elongated heel of the i-'* Thurfday, 29 June, 1676. 

12 89 



[ 27 ] 

and feveral other Indians now hid in a Swamp above 
Nomquid \'^'^^ difarming of him, he lent him by two Mer 
to Maj. Bradford^ and proceeded to Sogkonatc. they fa\^ 
feveral hidians by the way skulking about, but let therr 
pafs. Arriving at AwaJJionks Camp, told her, He wa: 
come to invite her and her People tip to Punkateefe, when 
Maj. Bradford nozv was luith the Plymouth Army, expell- 
ing her and her Siibje^s to receive orders, until furthc} 
order could be had from the Governme?it. She complyed 
and foon fent out orders for fuch of her Subje6ls as were 
not with her, immediately to come in; and by Twelve z 
Clock of the next day,^^*^ fhe with moft of her Numbei 
appear'd before the Englifh Camp at Punkateefe. Mr 
Church tender'd the Major to Serve under his Commiffion, 
provided the Indians might be accepted with him, to fighi 
the Enemy. The Major told him, his Orders were to im- 
, prove him, if he p leafed, but as for the Indians, he would noi 
be concerned with them. And prefently gave forth orders 
for Awafionks, and all her Subje6ts both Men, Womer 
and Children to repair to Sandwich, and to be there upon 
Peril, in Six days.^^' AwafJi07iks and her chiefs gather'd 

195 No7nquid \^No7icquit, Nonqutt., made their appearance at Plymouth tc 

Namquit, tf-c.,], the cove or pond lying confer with the Council, — and we arc 

between Putikafeefc neck and Tiverton. told that it was " after fome time foi 

1^ Friday, 30 June, 1676. Both Hub- confideration" that the Council reached 

bard and Mather mention " about 90" its conclufion, — it is not probable thai 

as the number of thofe with Awafhonks Maj. Bradford had been informed ol 

in this fubmifllon. {^Narrative, 97; their deciiion. (Mather fays, Awaftionks 

Brief Hiji. 39.] with about 90 came and tendered them- 

^''^ As this took place only two days felves " before the meffengers re- 
after Peter and his two companions turned.") He was therefore ading or 

90 



[ 27 ] 

round Mr. Church, (where he was walk'd off from the 
reft) expreffed themfelves concerned that they could not 
be confided in, nor improv'd. He told them, Uwas bejl 
to obey Orders ; aiid that if he could not accompany them to 
Sandwich, it JJtould not be above a Week before he would 
vteet them there; That he was confident the Governotir 
would Coiumif/ion him to improve them. The Major haft- 
ened to fend them away with Jack Have^is^'"^ (an Indian 
who had never been in the Wars) in the Front with a flag 
of Truce in his hand. They being gone, Mr. Church, by 
the help of his Man Toby (the Indian whom he had taken 
Prifoner, as he was going down to So^konate) took faid 
Toby's Mother, & thofe that were with her, Prifoners. 
Next Morning ^'^' the whole Army moved back to Pocaffet. 
This Toby informed them that there were a great many 
Indians gone down to Wcpoifet'^*' to eat Clams, (other 
Provifions being very fcarce with them;) that Philip him 
felf was expe6ted within 3 or 4 dayes at the fame Place : 

his own authority as commander-in- on the Court Records under date of 6 
chief, and his objecft in ordering Awa- March, 1676-7, "whoe haue approued 
Ihonks and her tribe to Sandwich was, themfelues faithfull to the Englilh dur- 
clearly, to get them out of reach of ing the late Rebellion," befides Mama- 
temptation, at once, and opportunity, to nuett, their Sachem Cand family), who 
join Philip in further hoftilities. His is defcribed as " att or about Saconett." 
order was not a harih one in the matter S_Plym. Col. Rec. v : 225.] 
of time ; for the diftance could not ^'^' Saturday, i July, 1676. 
probably be more than 40 miles by the ^^ Wefoifct [ Wcypoifet, Waypoyfct, 
circuitous foreft-paths, for which he al- &c.,] was the Indian name for the narrow 
lowed them fix davs. IPlym. Col. Rec. entrance of Kikemuit river feparatmg 
V : 202 : y.Wt\iitr\'BrirfIIiJlory, 39.] the northern part of Briftol, R.-I., from 
!'■« 7c^c/6//«^•c«5ison theliftoffour- the fouth-eaftern part of Warren, 
teen Indians, whofe names were entered [Feffenden's Hijl. Warren. R.-I- 71] 

91 



[ 28] 

being asked, What Indians they iverc} He anfwered, Some 
Wcctcmores Indians^ fome Motmt-hopc rndia7is^ fome Nar- 
raganfct Indians^ and fome other Upland Indians, in all 
about 300. The Rhode-IJland Boats by the Majors order 
meeting them at PocaJ/ht, they were foon imbark'd, it 
being juft in the dusk of the Evening, they could plainly 
difcover the Enemies fires at the Place the Indian dire6led 
to;-^^ and the Army concluded no other but they were 
bound [28] directly thither, until the}^ came to the North 
End of the Ifland, and heard the word of Command for the 
Boats to bare away.^^^ Mr. Church was very fond of 
having this probable opportunity of furprizing that whole 
Company of Indians imbraced: But Orders, 'twas faid, 
muft be obeyed, which was to go to Motmt-hope and there 
to fight Philip. This with fome other good opportunities 
of doing fpoil upon the Enemy, being unhappily mifs'd.^^^ 

2^1 The exaa fpot where the Indians Hope Cove, would haul ftraight to the 
were digging clams and eating them weft, and, if thej were to land at Briftol 
would feem to have been on the fouth- neck, fliarp to the ibuth-weft. 
eaftern curve of what is now called ^'^^ Tijg narrative does not certainly 
Touiflett neck ; from whence fires would indicate whether the army kept Sab- 
be vifible acrofs the bay at Pocaffet; bath at Mount Hope, or, finding Philip 
where Maj. Bradford's army could was not there, pulhed on at once up 
fcarcely be diftant from them five miles Mount-Hope neck and acrofs Miles's 
in a ftraight line. bridge to Rehoboth ; though the prob- 

■'"'•- They probably embarked at what abilities feem to be ftrong that they did 

was then the Ferry, — now fpanned by not march to Rehoboth until they had, 

the " Stone Bridge," — from whence, for at leaft, fearched for the Indians whom 

two miles and a half, their natural they had feen the night before at Wey- 

courfe would lie diredly towards the poifet. I imagine that the " other good 

light of the fires. When well up with opportunities " to which Church refers 

the north end of Rhode-Ifland, their as being " miffed," had reference to fev- 

courfe, if they were going to Mount- eral fruitlefs attempts, occupying feveral 

92 



[ 28 ] 



Mr. Church obtain'd the Majors Confent to meet the Soo^- 
koiiate Indians^ according to his promife. He was offer'd 
a Guard to Plymoitth^ but chofe to go with one Man only, 
who was a good Pilot. About Sun-fet^*^ he with Sabin 
his Pilot ^*^^ mounted their Horfes at Rehoboth^ where the 
Army now was, and by two Hours by Sun next Morning 
arrived fafe at Plymouth : And by that time they had 
refrefhed themfelves, the Governour and Treafurer^'^*' came 
to Town. Mr. Church giving them a fhort account of the 
affairs of the Army, &c. His Honour was pleafed to give 
him thanks for the good and great Service he had done 
at Sogkonate, told him. He had confirmed all that he 
promifed Awafhonks, and had fent the Indian back again 



dajs in Mount-Hope neck and its re- 
gion, to damage the Indians, before 
the army went to the garrifon-houfe at 
Rehoboth, which (with one other) had 
efcaped deftruAion on the 2Sth of 
March. 

^'■' This could not have been " fun- 
fet" of the next day after leaving Po- 
caflet (Sab., 2 July, 1676), becaufe then 
Church would have reached Plymouth 
two hours after funrife, on Monday, 3 
July. But he told the Governor, on the 
day of his arrival, that " the time had 
expired that he had appointed to meet 
the Sogkonates at Sandwich " ; and as 
he had promifed them, on the 30th of 
June, that " it fhould not be above a 
%vcek before he would meet them," his 
promife could not expire until Friday, 
7 July : therefore he could not have 
reached Plymouth until on or after the 
7th July. Hence he could not have left 



Rehoboth before Thurfday, 6 July, the 
fifth day after leaving Pocaffet, and 
landing at Mount Hope. 

2 "5 Sabin \^Sabine'\ was then a Reho- 
both name. Savage mentions eight of 
the name, all (he thinks) of Rehoboth, 
and five of whom ferved in Philip's 
war either in perfon or by contribu- 
tions. Blifs mentions Jonathan, as in 
the Narraganfett fight, and Samuel, as 
ferving under Maj. Bradford. He alfo 
gives the names of five {yo/cfh, Wil- 
liam, Samuel, Benjamin, and a Widoiu 
Sabin) as making advances of money 
to fuftain the war. Doubtlefs, Church's 
guide was one of this patriotic family. 
\_Gcn. Did. iv : I ; Hi/l. Rehoboth, 117, 
iiS.] 

2'6 Jofias Winflow and Conftant 
Southworth. The former refided in 
Marfiifield, and the latter in Uuxbury. 
[See notes 20 and 68, ante.^ 



93 



[ 28] 

that brotight his Letter. He asked his Honour, Whether he 
had ajiy thing later from Awafhonks ? He told him he 
had not. Where-upon he gave his Honour account of the 
Majors orders relating to her and hers, and what difcourfe 
had paired />ro & con about them; and that he had prom- 
ifed to meet them, and that he had incouraged them, that 
he thouo^ht he mig^ht obtain of his Honour a Commiffion 
to lead them forth to fight Philip. His Honour fmilingly 
told him. That he Jliould not watzt Commijfwn if he would 
accept it, 7ior yet good Englifii 7nen enough to make up a 
good Army. But in fhort, he told his Honour the time 
was expired that he had appointed to meet the Sogkonates 
at Sandwich. The Governour asked him, when he would 
go? He told him that afternoon, by his Honours leave. 
The Governour ask'd him, How many Men he would 
have with him? He anfwered. Not above half a dozen, 
with an order to take more at Sandwich, if he faw caufe ; 
and Horfes provided. He no fooner moved it, but had 
his number of Men tendering to go with him, among 
which was Mr. Jabcz Howland,^"' and Nathanael South- 

2''7 Jabcz Hozvlaiid \y7\9, foil of John, gers ; removed to Briftol, R.-I., and 
who came as attendant of Gov. Carver was licenfed to keep an inn there in 
in the Mayflower; was fined at Pljm- i6Si, and was feledlman there in 1682, 
outh, March 5, 1666-7, 3.f.4f/, for a breach 1685, and 1690; was enfign of a mili- 
of the peace, in ftriking Jofeph Billing- tarj company there in 16S4; deputy- 
ton; ferved on a trial jury in 1671 and thence in 1689 and 1690. He married 
1677, and on a coroner's jury in 1671 Bethia, dau. of Anthony Thacher, and 
and 1673; was conftable of Plymouth had ten children. [Savage's Gen. Did. 
in 1675; petitioned for a grant of land ii : 479; Plym. Col. Rec. iv : 140; v: 
in 1675, in virtue of the Court order 82, 88, 122, 165, 170, 255; vi : 78, 84, 
preferring children born here to ftran- 131, 169, 206, 241.] 

94 



[ 28] 



worth -^"^^^ they went to Sandwich that Night; where Mr. 
Church (with need enough) took a Nap of Sleep. The 
next Morning with about i6 or i8 Men proceeded as far 
as Agawom^~^ where they had great expe6lation of meeting 
the Indians^ but met them not; his Men being difcouraged 
about half of them returned; only half a dozen ftuck by 
him, & promifed fo to do until they fhould meet with the 
India7is. When they came to Sippican River^^^ Mr. How- 
/andhegan to tyre, upon which Mr. Church left him, and 
two more, for a Referve at the River, that if he fhould 
meet with Enemies and be forced back, they might be 



208 X^atha7iiel Soutlnvorth, fecond fon 
of Conftant, was born at Plymouth, 
1648 ; furveyor of highways 1673 ; 
ferved on trial jury in 1677 > '^^'^ con- 
ftable of Plymouth, and ferved on coro- 
ner's jury in 1678; was fined 105. in 
1681, for refufing to aid the conftable 
of Plymouth ; ferved on coroner's jury 
in 1684; was a fele<flman of Plymouth 
in 1689 and 1691, and grand juror in 
1690. He was alfo a lieutenant. He died 
Jan. 14, 171 1. Savage fays he lived at 
Middleborough ; but I find no trace of 
it in the Colony Records. [Savage's 
GcH. Did. iv : 143 ; Plytn. Col. Rec. v : 
115, 246, 257, 263; vi: 56, 148, 206, 237, 
264.] 

209 Agaxvatn was the Indian name of 
the fettlement near the Agawam River, 
in what is now Wareham. The name 
is ftill retained by a little village on the 
low lands through which the river winds 
into the " Narrows." The name is 
irova agxve, "below"; hence fignifying 
fometimes bcloxv, as defcriptive of a 



point down ftream from another on the 
fame river, and fometimes a loiv place, 
as defcriptive of flats, or low land with- 
out reference to higher elevations in 
the vicinity, as thefe flat meadows in 
Wareham, and the " low ilands of Aii- 
ffiian" of which Capt. Smith fpeaks. 
[^Advertifcnicnts for the Unexperienced, 
d-c, p. 27.] 

210 Sippican River (confluent with 
the Weweantitf) runs into Buzzard's 
Bay about half way between the vil- 
lages of Wareham and Marion; and 
its lower portion forms the boundary 
between thofe two towns. The word 
Sippican {^Scpaconnet, Scfpekanl is 
related to Sebago, from the Abnaki, 
s«be'k8, "lamer, eaufalee,"Ranes, (but 
brackijh water, rather than fait, per- 
haps), the equivalent of YXxo'C^f-ippog, 
ufed in James iii : 12, for " fait water." 
The Indians of Maflachufetts had no 
word ior fait. See, by itfelf, fignifies 
ufually, " four"; hence, doubtlefs, " dif- 
agreeable," " ill-tafted." 



95 



[ ^9] 

ready to alTift them In getting over the River. Proceed- 
ing in their March, they croffed another River,^" and 
opened a great Bay,^^ where they might fee many Miles 
along-fhore, where were Sands and Flats; and hearing a 
great noife below them towards [29] the Sea. They dif- 
mounted their Horfes, left them and crep'd among the 
bufhes, until they came near the bank, and faw a vaft 
company of Indians, of all Ages and Sex5, fome on Horfe- 
back running races, fome at Foot-ball,^^^ fome catching 
Eels & Flat-fifh in the water, fome Clamming, &€. but 
which way w4th fafety to find out what India7is they were, 
they were at a lofs. But at length, retiring into a thicket, 
Mr. Church hollow'd to them; they foon anfwered him, 
and a couple of fmart young Fellows, well mounted, came 
upon a full Career to fee who it might be that call'd, and 
came juft upon Mr. Church before they difcovered him; 

-" In the abfence of any tradition here has a breadth of fix or feven miles; 

identifying this ftream, and deciding while it would give him fight of a 

merely by my knowledge of the locali- long coaft diftance down what is now 

ties, I conceive this to have been what the eaftern and fouthern fliore of Matta- 

is now called " Mill Creek," emptying poifett. I judge, therefore, that the 

into Aucoot Cove — which is the firft fands and flats on which Awalhonks 

inlet on the coaft fouth-weft of Sippican and her Indians were now encamped 

Harbor. were thofe between Aucoot Cove and 

2^- If I am right in the identification Angelica Point, or between Angelica 

of Mill Creek as the ftream laft referred Point and Ned's Point, in Mattapoifett 

to, after Church pafled over it, a prog- aforefaid. 

refs of lefs than a mile would enable 213 "A game of football in which he 

him to look out by the fouth-eaftern was expert, or of quoits, or a wreftling- 

extremity of Charles Neck and the bout, or a dance in which women did 

overlapping Butter's Point of Great not mingle, afforded fome occafional 

Neck (a mile and a half further eaft), variety." [Palfrey's Hiji. N. E.\: 32; 

and to " open " Buzzard's Bay, which Schoolcraft's HiJl. Ltd. Tribes, ii : 78.] 

96 



[ 29] 

but when they perceived themfelves fo near EngliJJi Men, 
and Arm'd, were much furprized, and tack'd fhort about 
to run as fall back as they came forward, until one of the 
Men in the bufhes call'd to them, and told them his Name 
was Churchy and need not fear his hurting of them. Upon 
which, after a fmall paufe, they turned about their Horfes, 
and came up to him; one of them that could fpeak E^igliJJi^ 
Mr. Church took afide and examin'd, who inform'd him, 
That the hidians below were AwaJJionks, and her com- 
pany, and that Jack Havens was among them; whom Mr. 
Church immediately fent for to come to him, and order'd 
the Meffenger to inform Awa/Jwnks that he was come to 
meet her; Jack Havens foon came, and by that time ISIr. 
Church had ask'd him a few Queftions, and had been fat- 
isfyed by him. That it was AwaJIionks, and her company 
that were below, and that ^ack had been kindly treated by 
them; a company oi Iiidiajis all Mounted on Horfe-back, 
and well Arm'd came riding up to Mr. Church, but treated 
him with all dew refpeds. He then order'd Jack to go 
tell AwaJJwnks, that he defigned to Sup with her in the 
Evening, and to lodge in her Camp that Night. Then 
taking fome of the hidians with him, he went back to the 
River to take care of ISIr. Hovuland'^''^ Mr. Church being 
a Mind to try what Mettal he was made of, imparted his 
notion to the Indians that were with him, & gave them 
direaions how to aft their parts; when he came pretty 

2H It would be four and a half or five Mr. Rowland, with his referve of two 
miles back to Sippican River, where men, had been left. 
13 97 



[30] 

near the Place, he and his EnglifJt Men pretendedly fled, 
firing on their retreat towards the Indians that purfued 
them, and they firing as faft after them. Mr. HowlancC 
being upon his guard, hearing the Guns, and by & by fee- 
ing the motion both of the EngliJJi and hidians, concluded 
his friends were diftreffed, was foon on the full Career 
on Horfe-back to meet them, until he perceiving their 
laughing miftrulted the Truth. As foon as Mr. Church 
had given him the News, they hafted away to AwaJJwnks. 
Upon their arrival, they were immediately conducted to a 
fhelter, open on one fide, whither Awaf/wnks and her 
chiefs foon came & paid their Refpefts: and the Multi- 
tudes gave fliouts as made the heavens to ring. It being 
now about Sun-fetting, or near the dusk of the Evening; 
The Netops^^^ came running from all quarters loaden with 
the tops of dry Pines, & the like combuftible matter 
making a hugh pile thereof, near Mr. Churches fhelter, on 
the open fide thereof: but by this time Supper was 
brought in, [30] in three diflies, viz. a curious young Bafs, 
in one difli. Eels & Flat-fifti in a fecond, and Shell-fifli in 
a third, but neither Bread nor Salt to be feen at Table. 
But by that time Supper was over, the mighty pile of Pine 

"1° See note 143, ante. The word in- and a definite application (though it 

tends friendly Indians. Mr. Drake fug- was fometimes ufed bj the Englifh, as 

gefts here that the term may be equiva- equivalent to Netop, or ' Indian '). It 

lent to Sannop (citing Winthrop {_Jour- fignified ' a brave,'— vir, as diftinguilhed 

val, i: 49], and Hubbard [Ge«. Hist. from homo; and was never applied by 

N.B., 253]; though the latter has San- an Indian to 2i foreigner, or except to 

wa/) : but Mr. Trumbull fays, " 5a««t>/ the warriors of his own nation or 

had, with the Indians, a more reftricled tribe." [Drake's Church (2d ed.), 91.] 

98 



[ 30 ] 

Knots and Tops, &c. was fired, and all the Indians great 
and fmall gathered in a ring round it. AwaJJionks with 
the oldeft of her People Men and Women mix'd, kneeling 
down made the firft ring next the fire, and all the lu%, 
ftout Men ftanding up made the next; and then all the 
Rabble in a confiafed Crew fiirrounded on the out-fide. 
Then the chief Captain llep'd in between the rings and the 
fire, with a Spear in one hand and an Hatchet in the 
other, danced round the fire, and began to fight with it, 
making mention of all the feveral Nations & Companies of 
Indians in the Country that were Enemies to the Englifli ; 
& at naming of every particular Tribe of Vidians, he 
would draw out & fight a new fire brand, & at his finifli- 
ing his fight with each particular fire-brand, would bow to 
him and thank him; and when he had named all the 
feveral Nations and Tribes, and fought them all he ftuck 
down his Spear and Hatchet, and came out; and another 
Itept in and a6led over the fame dance, with more fury, if 
polfible, than the firft; and when about half a dozen of 
their chiefs had thus a6led their parts. The Captain of the 
Guard fl;ept up to Mr. Church and told him. They were 
making Sotihiiers for him, and what they had been doing 
was all one Swearing of theni'^^^ and having in that manner 

216 (I The principle of enliftment is he chants his own fong, and is greeted 

fufficientlv well preferved Each war- with redoubling jells. Thefc ceremo- 

rior that rifes and joins the war-dance, nies are tantamount to ' enliftment,' and 

thereby becomes a volunteer for the trip. no young man who thus comes forward 

He arms and equips himfelf; he pro- can honorably withdraw." ISc/iool- 

vides his own fuftenance ; and when he craft's Information refpe(^ing the In- 

fteps out into the ring, and dances, dian Tribes of t/ie U.S. \o\. 'n: S(),6o.'\ 

99 



[3o] 

ingaged all the Injly Jlotit men. AwaJJwjiks & her chiefs 
came to Mr. CJmrch\ and told him, That now they were 
all ingaged to Jight for the Englifh, and he might call forth 
ally or any of them at any time as he faw occafion to fight 
the Enemy \ and prefented him with a very fine Firelock. 
Mr. Church accepts their offer, drew out a number of 
them, and fet out next Morning before day for Plymouth^ 
where they arrived fafe the fame day. 

The Governour being informed of it, came early to 
Town next Morning : and by that time he had EnglifJi 
Men enough to make up a good Company, when joyned 
with Mr. Chtirches Indians, that offered their Voluntary 
Service to go under his Command in queft of the Enemy. 
The Governour then gave him a Commiffion, which is as 
follows, 

f~^Aptai7i Benjamin Church, you are hereby Nominated^ 
^-^ Ordered^ CommiJfion''d, and Impowred to raife a Com- 
pany of Volunteers of about 200 Me7i, Englifh and Indians; 
the Englifii not exceeding the number of 60, of which Com- 
pany, orfo many of them as you can obtain, orfiiallfee catife 
at prefent to improve, you are to take the comma^id and con- 
duit, and to lead them forth now and hereafter, atfuch time, 
and unto fuch places within this Colony, or elfe where, within 
the confederate Colonies, as you fiiall tlmik fit ; to difcover, 
purfue, fight, furprize, dcfiroy, or fubdue our Indian Ene- 
mies, or any part or parties of them that by the Provide7ice 
of God you may 7neet with ; or them or any of them by 
treaty and compofition to receive to mercy, if you fee reafon 



[31 ] 

(^provided they be not MnrderoJis Rogtics, or fuck as have 
been prijicipal AHoi's in thofe Villanies:') And forafmtich as 
your Company may be ti7icerta{n, and [31] the Perfons often 
changed, You are alfo hereby impowred with advice of your 
Company to chufe and Comniiffionate a Lieiitenant, and to 
eflablifJt Serjeants, and Corporals as you fee caufe : And 
you herein improving yoicr befi judgmeiit and difcrction and 
utmofl ability, faithfully to Serve the Intcrefl of God, His 
Majefiys, Interefl, and the hiterefl of the Colony ; and care- 
fully governing your faid Company at ho7ne and abroad : 
thefe fJiall be unto you full and ample CommifJio7i, Warraiit 
and Difcharge. Given under the Publick Seal, this 2\th 

Day of]M\y, 16^6?^' 

Perjof. Winflow, GOV. 



'^i" There is a miftake in the infertion 
of this commiffion here, not unnatural 
when the lapfe of time before the record 
was made, is taken into the account. 
This is not the commiffion which 
Church firfl received, and on which he 
firft went out (as Judge Davis thought, 
inferring a mifprint in the date, of the 
24th for the 14th [Morton's Memorial, 
449] ) » ^^^ ^^^^ " enlarged " one which 
was afterwards given him. This is ob- 
vious, firft, from its date. If Church 
arrived at Plymouth on Friday, 7 July 
(fee note 204), he muft have found 
Awalhonks at Mattapoifett on Saturday, 
8 July, and returned to Plymouth on 
Sunday, the 9th ; in which cafe the 
Governor came to town and comniif- 
fioned him on Monday, the loth July, 
and he fet off " the fame night into the 



woods," on his firft expedition as Cap- 
tain. There are no data for abfolute 
certainty as to this. But the Colony 
Records make it clear that he muft 
have been out on at leaft one fucceff- 
ful expedition before the t-j:enty-fccond 
of July, becaufe they contain a Court 
order of that date, that all volunteers 
taking prifoners " Ihall haue the one 
halfe of them for theire pains and ven- 
ture, from the day of the date heerof, 
includeing thofc prifoners alfoe lajl 
brought in by Benjamine Church and 
his cotnpanic.'" [P/ym. Col. Rec. v: 
207.] The Rev. Mr. Walley, alfo, 
writing to the Rev. Mr. Cotton [Davis's 
Morton's Memorial, p. 449] under date 
of 18 July, 1676, fays, " I am glad of 
the fuccels Ben. Church hath; it is the 
good fruit of the coming in of Indians 



[ 31 ] 

Receiving Commiffion, he Marched the fame Night into 
the Woods, got to Middleberry ^^^ before day ,2^^ and as foon 
as the Hght appeared, took into the Woods and Swampy 
thickets, towards a place where they had fome reafon to 
expe6l to meet with a parcel of Narragaiifet Indians^ with 
fome others that belonged to Mount-hope: Coming near 
to where they expe6ted them, Capt. Chirc/i's, Indian 
Scout difcovered the Enemy, and well obferving their 
fires, and poflures, Returned with the intelligence to their 
Captain, who gave fuch dire6tions for the furrounding of 
them, as had the direct effect; furprizing them from 
every fide fo unexpe6ledly, that they were all taken, not fo 
much as one efcaped. And upon a llrick examination, 
they gave intelligence of another parcel of the Enemy, at 



to us ; thofe that come in are conquered 
and help to conquer others." But 
Church had done nothing in this cam- 
paign which could be fo referred to, 
previous to his fetting off into the 
woods, here fpoken of. Therefore Mr. 
Walley muft refer to the refults of this 
expedition to Namasket and Monponfet, 
which muft, by confequence, have 
taken place between the loth and iSth 
of July. It will be feen, alfo, further 
on, that Church twice ftates that he 
kept up this guerrilla warfare " feveral 
weeks " ; and then proceeds to narrate, 
as if taking place fubfequently, his fet- 
ting out for Bridgewater in purfuit of 
Philip; which, by his account, was on 
Sunday, 30th July. If his firft expedi- 
tion was, as I fuggeft above, on Mon- 
day, the loth, only three weeks would 



intervene to make good his " feveral." 
Then, in the fecond place, the very 
terms of the commiffion itfelf Ihow that 
it was that " enlarged " one to which he 
fubfequently refers ; becaufe it gives him ■ 
authority to " commiffionate officers 
under him," to " march as far as he 
fhould fee caufe, within the limits of 
the three United Colonies," to " receive 
to mercy, give quarter or not, &c. &c." 
[See p. 104.] 

"1* Middlcborongk is a very large 
town, whofe eaftern boundary is about 
10 miles weft of the village of Plymouth. 
JVattiaJkct wa.ii its Indian name, — from 
llamas, " fifh " ; namas-ohke-ut, " at the 
filli-place": that portion of the town 
which ftill bears the name, being a noted 
filliing-place among the Indians. 

2W Tuefday, 11 July, 1676.? 



[ 3' ] 

a Place called Munponfet-Pond'^ Capt. CJmrch haftning 
with his Prifoners, thro' the Woods to Plymoiitk, difpofed 
of them all, excepting only one Jeffery, who proving very 
ingenious & faithful to him, in informing where other par- 
cels of the Indians harboured Capt. Chtcrck promifed him, 
that if he continued to be faithful to him, he fhould not be 
Sold out of the Country, but fhould be his waiting man, to 
take care of his Horfe, &c. and accordingly he Served 
him faithfully as long as he lived. 

But Capt. Church was forth- with fent out again; and 
the Terms for his incouragement being concluded on : viz. 
That the Country Jliould Ji7id them Ammu7iition & Pro- 
vijion ; & have half the Prifoners^ & Arms, they took : The 
Captain and his EngliJJi Souldiers to have the other half of 
the Prifo7ters, and Arms ; and the Indian Souldiers the loofe 
Plunder, Poor incouragement ! But after fome time it 
was mended. 

They foon Captivated the Mu7tponfcts^^ and brought in, 
not one efcaping. This flroke he held feveral Weeks, 



^^ Monfonfet {Moonponfet, Mauiii- meaning of its name, Mr. Trumbull 
penjing) pond is an irregularly oblong favs, " Monponfet I cannot refolve." 
fheet of water — perhaps averaging a ^ii j think Church ufes this term here 
mile and a quarter in length by three- to defignate that " parcel " of the " Nar- 
quarters of a mile in breadth, and al- raganfetts " who were temporarily en- 
moft divided into two equal parts by a camped at this notable filhing-place, 
tongue of land running down from its rather than to indicate that there was 
northern Ihore — lying in the northern any hoftile tribe of that name having a 
portion of the town of Halifax, Mafs., permanent refidence fo near to Ply- 
near to its jundtion with Hanfon and mouth, and deriving their dcllgnation 
Pembroke, and about lO miles W.N. from this pond. I find no trace of any 
W. from Plymouth. In regard to the such tribe in the records. 

103 



[32 ] 

never returning empty handed. When he wanted intelli- 
gence of their Kennelling Places, he would March to fome 
place likely to meet with fome travellers or ramblers, and 
fcattering his Company, would lye clofe; and feldom lay 
above a day or two, at the moft, before fome of them 
would fall into their hands: Whom he would compel to 
inform, where their Company was; and fo by his method 
of fecret and fudden furprizes took great Numbers of 
them Prifoners.^ 

The Government obferving his extraordinary courage 
and condu6l, and the fuccefs from Heaven added to it, 
faw caufe to inlarge his Commiffion; gave him power to 
raife, and difmifs his Forces, as he fhould fee occalion; 
[32] to Commiffionate Officers under him, and to March 
as far as he fhould fee caufe, within the limits of the three 
United Colonies: to receive to mercy, give quarter, or 
not ; excepting fome particular & noted Murderers ; viz. 
Philips and all that were at the deflroying of Mr. Clark's 
Garrifon, and fome few others ^^ 

Major Bradford being now at Taunton with his Army,^* 

^^2 The arrangement mentioned Colony Record as " coepartenors in the 

above, by which thofe vohinteers re- outrage coiriitted att William Clarke's 

ceived one half of the value of the houfe, att the Eelriuer, 12 March, 1676." 

prifoners and arms which were taken, [^Plym. Col. Rec. v : 206.] 
as their pay for lervice; fheds light upon 224 gy the kindnefs of Mr. Haven of 

their efpecial anxiety to capture the the Antiquarian Society in Worcefter, 

enemy alive. and of Judge Collamore of Royalton, 

223 This is the commiffion dated 24th Vt., I am in poffeffion of copies of a 

July, and inferted on p. 100. On the letter written from Taunton, on the i6th 

2 1 ft July, three days before, the names of this month by Anthony Collamore, 

of eleven Indians were placed on the one of Bradford's army there, giving 

104 



[3^ ] 



and wanting Provifions; fome Carts were ordered from 
Plymouth for their fupply, and Capt. Church to guard 



fome account of their procedure, and 
fhedding a little light upon what has 
been a very obfcure portion of the war. 
As the letter has never, to my knowl- 
edge, been printed, I infert it in full : — 

" Tanton, this July y" i6, 1676. 
[Sunday.] 
"Deare and Loveing Wife, — After 
" my kind love to you prefented hopeing 
" thefe will find you in health, as bleffed 
"be God I am at writing hereof. So 
" likewife are all our Situate men & y' 
" reft of our army. Y° feventh [Mr. 
" Haven's copy makes this ' twelfth,' 
" and Judge Collamore queries whether 
"it be 'feventh' or 'twelfth;' but the 
"connection favors the former,] day of 
" this Inftant wee marched from tan- 
" ton towards Swanfy & from thence 
" to Matapoyfett [Gardner's neck, fee 
" note 48, atitc\ ; & fo continued in y' 
" perfuite of them untill y* fourteenth 
" day of y" above-faid Month; and wee 
" haue killed & taken upwards of a hun- 
" dred Indians; but never an Englilb 
" Man flain or wounded, only one or 
" two bewildered in y' wood & fo taken 
" by y' enemy [ * * * MS. illegible 
" * * * ], nor have we any of our 
"Indians flaine or wounded, but peter 
" Mahalen has a fmall wound in his 
"belly; wee intend to be in perfute of 
" Phillip tomorrow againe, we have per- 
" fued him fo clofe y' do wee almoft 
" defpaire; wee have followed him very 
"clofe from fwamp to fwamp, fo y' he 
" is enforced to fly with a very fmall 
"quantity of men with him becaufe 

H 105 



'wee fhall not find him out; but I 
' hope with y' Blefling of God wee fhall 
' accomplilh our defire y' is to take 
'him; thofe captives y wee have taken 
'***** they tell us y' Robin 
' Bradifh & Cornelias y' ftole Mr. 
' Culhen's cow, are gon doune between 
' our town & hingum to do Mifchief 
' there ; y* ii"" day of this Inftant there 
'was about a 100 Indians made an on- 
' fett on tanton ; they had burnt only 
' two out houfes for there was 200 
' Englifti & Indians there prefent, 
' which fruftrated them of their de- 
' figne ; fo y' they have killed never 
' a man there ; but they have killed 
'one man fince; pray prefent my fer- 
' vice to my Uncle & Aunt with my duty 
' to my father and mother & my love 
' to my children & brother & fifters & 
'y* reft of my friends; Sarg' [Bar- 
'ker? — Deane's Scituafe, 129, 216] is 
' well fiting on a rock eating Biskett 
' & Cheefe <& defires to be remembered 
'to his wife; this being all at prefent 

' from 

" Yo. ever Lo. Husband, 

" Anthony Collymer. 

" pray take an opportunity to gett two 
" bulhells of corn ground while y* wa- 
" ter lafts. 

"I hope there in no fear of y* In- 
" dians making an onfett on our towne 
" at prefent." 

[Anthony Collamore was nephew to 
Peter, one of the firft fcttlers of Scitu- 
ate, and received, by his will, a (hare of 
his eftate. He married, in 1C66, Saruh, 



[32 ] 

them.^ But he obtaining other guards for the Carts, as 
far as Middleborough, ran before with a fmall Company, 
hoping to meet with fome of the Enemy, appointing the 
Carts and their guards to meet them at Nema/ctct^^ 
about an hour after the Suns riling next Morning : he 
arrived there about the breaking of the day-light, dif- 
covered a company of the Enemy; but his time was too 
fliort to wait for gaining advantage; and therefore ran 
right in upon them. Surprized and Captivated about i6 of 
them: who upon examination, inform'd. That Tifpaquin^" 



one of the twin daughters of Ifaac 
Chittenden, and had five children 
(Mary, Peter, Sarah, Martha, Eliza- 
beth). He was loft on a coafting 
voyage from Scituate to Bofton, i6 
Dec, 1693, on a ledge of rocks off Scit- 
uate beach, which, to this day, bears 
the name of Collamore's Ledge. He 
was commander of the militia of the 
town at the time, and was buried " un- 
der arms." — [Deane's Scituate, 239, 
240.] 

^^^ This expedition feems to have 
taken place 20-27 July. Increafe Ma- 
ther, writing under date of Saturday, 
22 July, fays : " This week alfo, Capt. 
Church, oi Pliuwuth, with a fmall party 
confifting of about 18 Efigli/Jt and 22 
Indians [Hubbard (p. 100) gives the 
fame as the number of the party] had 
four feveral engagements with the ene- 
my, &c."; going on to fpeak of the 
capture of Tialhq's fquaw, in a way to 
identify this as the expedition to which 
he refers. \^Brief Hijiory, 42.] 

22« See note 218, ante. The exaft 



place in Middleborough here intended, 

I fuppofe to be, fay 30 rods above 
the bridge where the road from the 
Green to the Four Corners croffes the 
Nemasket River; where were rapids, 
and near which is now the Lower 
Fadlory, or Star Mills. 

227 Tifpaquin {Tufpaqtiin, abbrev. 
from Wattifpaquin, alias the Black 
Sachem) was Sachem of Affawompfett, 
the territory furrounding the pond of 
that name in Middleborough. He re- 
ceived his land froin '■'■ Pamontaquajk, 
the Pond Sachem " (who was probably 
his father), by will dated 29 Odl., 1668. 
He deeded land, 9 Aug., 1667, to Hen- 
ry Wood; 17 July, 1669, with his fon 
William, to Experience Mitchel et al. ; 
10 June, 1670, to Edward Gray; 30 
June, 1672, to Edward Gray and Jofias 
Winflow; in 1673, to John Saufaman ; 

II Mar., 1673, to Felix, Saufaman's 
fon-in-law; 3 July, 1673, to Benjamin 
Church and John Tompfon ; 23 Dec, 
1673, to Saufaman's daughter, called 
AJfoivetough ; i March, 1674-5, he and 



X06 



[ 32 ] 

a very famous Captain among the Enemy was at AJfa- 
womp/et, with a numerous Company. 

But the Carts muft now be guarded, and the oppor- 
tunity of vifiting Tifpaquin muft now be laid afide: The 
Carts are to be faithfully guarded, left Tifpaquid fhould 
attack them. 

Coming towards Tatmton, Capt. CJmrch taking two 
Men with him, made all fpeed to the Town; and coming 
to the River fide,^^ he hollow'd, and inquiring of them that 
came to the River, for ]Maj. Bradford, or his Captains; he 
was inform'd, they were in the Town, at the Tavern. He 
told them of the Carts that were coming, that he had the 
cumber of guarding of them, which had already prevented 
his improving opportunities of doing Service. Pray'd 
therefore that a guard might be fent over to receive the 
Carts, that he might be at liberty; refuftng all invitations 
and perfwalions, to go over to the Tavern, to vifit the 



his fon William bail Tobias — accufed prefumed to have travelled, took fome- 

(and aften\-ards convidted) of Saufa- thing of the general courfe now taken 

man's murder — in lands to the value by the Middleborough and Taunton 

of £ioo; 14 May, 1675, they fell Affa- R.R., running fouth of that cul-dc-fac 

wompfett neck to John Tompfon et al., in which the Taunton River enclofes a 

as a fecurity againft the claims of fouth-eaft portion of Raynham, ftriking 

others. In the fpring of 1676 he was the river for croffing a few rods above 

at the head of fome 300 men, and had the place where it receives Little 

a hand in the attempt to burn Scituate, River, and there conneding, as I am 

20 April, and Bridgewater, 8 May. informed, with what is now Summer 

\_Plym. Col. Rec. xii : 229, 230, 235; St. From the eaft bank of the river, 

V : 159: Drake's Book of the Itid. 193, where he now " hollow'd," to the town 

194, 241, 242.] and the " tavern," muft have been 

-- The old road from Middleborough probably a third of a mile, or a little 

to Taunton, on which Church may be more. 

107 



l3i ] 

Major: he at length obtained a guard to receive the Carts; 
by whom alfo he fent his Prifoners to be convey'd with 
the Carts to Plymouth^ dire6ling them not to return by the 
way they came, but by Bridgwater?^^ 

Haftening back he purpofed to Camp that Night at 
AJfawompfet Neck.^^ But as foon as they came to the 
River that runs into the great Pond thro' the thick Swamp 
at the entering of the Neck;^^^ the Enemy fired upon 
them, but hurt not a Man. Capt. Chtirches Indians ran 
right into the Swamp and fired upon them, but it being in 
the dusk of the Evening, the Enemy made their efcape 
in the thickets: The Captain then moving about a Mile 
into the Neck, took the advantage of a fmall Valley to 
feed his Horfes; fome held the Horfes by the Bridles, the 
refl on the guard look'd fharp out for the Enemy, within 
hearing on every fide, and fome very near; but in the 
dead of the Night, the Enemy being out of hearing, or 
ftill, Capt. Chnrch moved out of the Neck (not the fame 
way he came in, leaft he fhould be Ambuf [33]cado'd) 

229 'pj^g j.Q^j from Taunton to Pljm- on the weft ; fome four miles in length, 

outh by Bridgewater, to which Church and varying from two miles to 80 rods 

here refers, appears to have taken a tol- in width. This narroweft part is at 

erably ftraight courfe in a north-north- the northern entrance to the neck, 

eafterly direftion to what is now Weft where Long Pond and Afl'awompfett 

Bridgewater, and then bore away a come near together, and are connected 

little fouth of eaft toward Plymouth — by a little brook. 

through what are now Halifax, North -si The brook referred to in the laft 

Plympton, and Kingfton. note, which crofles the road to New 

-*5 The land, in what is now the town Bedford a little fouth of what has long 

of Lakeville, inclofed between Alfa- been known as Sampfon's Tavern ; now 

wompfett and Great Quitticas Ponds dignified as the Lakeville Houfe. 
on the eaft and north, and Long Pond 

108 



[33 ] 

toward Cn/Imct,'^ where all the Houfes were burnt; and 
croffing CnJJmet River,^^ being extreamly fategued, with 
two Nights and one Days ramble without Reft or Sleep; 
and obferving good forage for their Horfes, the Captain 
concluded upon baiting, and taking a Nap. Setting Six 
Men to watch the paflage of the River, two to watch at a 
time, while the other flept, & fo to take their turns; while 
the reft of the Company went into a thicket to Sleep under 
the guard of two Sentinels more. But the whole Com- 
pany being very drowfy, foon forgot their danger, and 
were faft a-fleep, Sentinels, and all. The Captain tirft 
awakes, looks up, and judges he had flept four Hours, 
which being longer than he defigned, immediately roufes 
his Company, and fends away a file to fee what were 
become of the watch at the paflage of the River, but they 
no fooner opened the River in fight, but they difcovered a 
company of the Enemy viewing of their tracts, where they 
came into the Neck;^*^ Capt. Church and thofe with him 
foon difpers'd into the brufli on each fide of the way, 

232 Cujhnet {Acnyknct, AccuJ/Ztaneck, of 1675, — as, fee note 109, ante. [P/ym. 

AcuJJicnah, Ciijkenah, CuJJienett) was Col. Rcc. \\: dS-^ 

the name of the firll fettlement made at '^ They came down on the eaft fide 
the head of Acufhnet inlet, three miles of the river, and, where it runs into tide- 
north of New Bedford, where the river water, crofled to the weftern fide, on 
meets the tide. It is about iid miles their way to Ruflell's garrifon at Pona- 
almoft due fouth of that fpot in the ganfet. 

neck where Church paufed to feed his 234 The neck bet^veen the great cedar 

horfes. With Ponaganfctt and Coak- fwamp and the Pafcamanfet River, on 

fett it had been conftitiited a townfhip, the weft, and the head of Acufhnet 

named Dartmouth, S June, 1664 ; and inlet (now New-Bedford Harbor) on 

burned bj the Indians in the fummer the eaft. 

109 



[33 ] 

while the file fent, got undifcovered to the palTage of the 
River, and found their watch all faft a fleep: but thefe 
Tidings thoroughly awakened the whole Company. But 
the Enemy giving them no prefent difturbance, they ex- 
amined their Snapfacks, and taking a little refrefhment, 
the Captain orders one party to guard the Horfes, and the 
other to Scout,^^ who foon met with a Track, and follow- 
ing of it, they were bro't to a fmall company of Indians, 
who proved to be Little Eyes, and his Family, and near 
Relations, who were of Sogkonate, but had forfaken their 
Country men, upon their making Peace with the EngliJJi. 
Some of Capt. Churches Indians asked him. If he did not 
know that Fellow? Told him. This is the Rogue that 
would have killed you at Awafhonks Dance \^^ and fignified 
to him that now he had an opportunity to be revenged on 
him. But the Captain told them, It was not EngliJJz-mans 
faJJiion to feek revenge ; and that he JJiould have the fame 
quarter the refl had. Moving to the River fide, they found 
an old Canoo, with which the Captain ordered Little Eyes 
and his company to be carryed over to an Ifland;^^" Telling 
him, he would leave him on that Ifland until he returned'., 

235 They muft have fcouted over the the fouthernmoft wharves of the latter, 
ground where the city of New Bedford FilTi, Pope's, and Crow Iflands, nearly 
now (lands. a mile further up, would not have en- 

236 See note 19, ante. abled Lightfoot to look over upon Scon- 

237 Probably what is now called Palm- ticut neck, as he feems next day to have 
er's Ifland, on which the inner light- done ; but the narrow entrance to that 
houfe ftands, midway of the channel, neck is in plain fight, two miles due 
juft as it narrows between Fair Haven eaft from the lower extremity of Palm- 
and New Bedford, and in the range of er's. 

no 



[34] 

and left the Englifti ftwuld light on than, mid hill them, he 
would leave his coufin Light-foot^^ {whom the Ejiglifti knew 
to be their Friend^ to be his guard. Little Eyes exprefled 
himfelf very thankful to the Captain. He leaving his 
orders w^ith Light-foot, returns to the Rivers fide towards 
Ponega7t/et, to Rujfels Orchard,^^ coming near the Orchard 
they clap'd into a thicket and there lodg'd the reft of the 
Night without any fire; and upon the Morning light 
appearing, moves towards the Orchard, difcovers fome of 
the Enemy, who had been there the day before, and had 
beat down all the Apples, and carryed them away; dif- 
covered alfo where they had lodg'd that Night, and faw 
the ground where they fet their baskets bloody, being as 
they fuppofed and as it was afterwards difcovered to be 
with the flefh of Swine, &c. which they had killed that 
da}'^: They had lain under [34] the Fences without any 
fires; and feem'd by the marks they left behind them to 
be very numerous, perceived alfo by the dew on the grafs 
that they had not been long gone; and therefore mov'd 
a-pace in purfuit of them. Travelling three Miles, or 
more, they came into the Country Road, where the track 
parted, one parcel fleered towards the Wefl end of the 
great Cedar Swamp, and the other to the Eafl end.^*' 

238 Ligktfoot appears to have been -*" The three miles feem to have 
one of Awafhonks' Indians who volun- brought them near to what is now 
teered at Mattapoifet (p. 99). Church known as the village of North Dart- 
afterwards gave him the title of cap- mouth. The eaftern path (kirting the 
tain. He fought with Church in the fwamp ran over toward Aculhnet; the 
firft expedition eaft, in 16S9. weftern would fcem to have led up near 
See note no, rt«/e. where Turner's Mills now ftand, on 



[34] 



The Captain halted and told his Indian Souldiers, That 
they had heard as well as he, what fome Men had /aid at 
Plymouth about them, &c. That now was a good oppor- 
tunity for each party to prove them/elves : The Track being 
divided they JJwuld follow one, and the EnglifJi the other, 
being equal in number. The hidia^is declined the Motion, 
and were not willing to move any where without him; 
faid, theyfliould not think themfelves fafe without him. But 
the Captain inlifling upon it, they fubmitted; he gave the 
Indians their choice to follow which track they pleafed; 
they repl3^ed, They were light and able to Travel, therefore 
if he pleafed they would take the Wefl Track. And ap- 
pointing the Ruins of foJiJi Cooks Houfe at Cuf/met'^'^ for 



the weftern fide of the Pafcamanfet 
River, toward Saffaquin's Pond. The 
diftance round to the rendezvous at 
Acufhnet, bj the latter, was much the 
greater, and on this account the Indians 
chofe it, becaufe "they were light and 
able to travel." 

2*^ yokn Cooke was fon of Francis, 
and came in the Mayflower with his 
father; married 28 March, 1634, Sarah, 
daughter of Richard Warren ; was dea- 
con of the Plymouth Church, but was 
caft out, in the latter part of Mr. Rey- 
ner's miniftry, for " having been the 
author of much diflenfion and divifion, 
and for afterwards running into fetfta- 
rian and anabaptiftical principles"; 
had a grant of land in Dartmouth, in 
June, 1664; became one of the firft 
fettlers of Acullmet ; was deputy from 
there in 1666, 1667, 16C8, 1673, 1674, 
1675, 1678, 1679, 1680, 1681, 1683, and 



1686; was authorized as a magiftrate 
there in 1667, 1684, ^^'^ 1689; had a 
controverfy with fome of the inhabi- 
tants of Dartmouth in regard to " Ram 
Ifland," which was fettled by the Court, 
I July, 1672 ; died at Dartmouth, 23 
Nov., 1695, probably the only one of the 
paflTengers on board the Mayflower who 
lived through the entire exiftence of the 
Plymouth Colony ! Backus fays he be- 
came a Baptift minifter and "preached 
the doctrine of eledtion, with the other 
dodtrines of fovereign grace in Dart- 
mouth for a number of years " ; and 
thinks he founded the Baptift Church, 
near the borders of Tiverton and Dart- 
mouth, in 1685. His houfe — whofe ruins 
are here referred to — was fituated on the 
Fair-Haven fide of the AculTinet, about 
a mile north of the New-Bedford and 
Fair-IIaven Bridge, and about a third 
of a mile eaft of the river, in what is 



[34] 



the place to meet at ; each Company fet out briskly to try 
their Fortunes. Capt. C/mrck with his EnglifJi Soldiers 
followed their Track until they came near entring a miery 
Swamp, when the Capt. heard a Whiflle in the Rear, 
(which was a note for a halt) looking behind him, he faw 
William Fobes'^"-' ftart out of the Company and made 
towards him, who haften'd to meet him as faft as he 
could; Fobes told him they had difcovered abundance of 
Indians, and if he pleafed to go a few Heps back he might 
fee them himfelf: he did fo, and faw them a-crofs the 
Swamp, obferving them, he perceived they were gather- 



now called " Briinblecome's Orchard." 
The fite is almoft dire6llj oppofite the 
houfe of Mr. J. M. Howland now ftand- 
ing, and is a few rods fouth of the 
Woodfide Cemetery. A block-houfe 
alfo flood upon his land, perhaps half 
way from his houfe to the river. His 
farm was bounded on the weft by the 
Acufhnet, and ran back toward the eaft 
a mile and a half or more, and north 
and fouth at leaft as far, his houfe be- 
ing pretty nearly in the center of it 
north and fouth. [Savage's Geti. DiJl. 
i: 447; Plym. Col. Rec. iv : 67, 122, 
14S, 153, 163, 180; v: 93, 97, 114, 144, 
165, 256; vi : 10, 36, 61, 106, 147, 1S6, 
217; Ricketfon's Uijl. Ncxv Bedford, 
35, 314 ; Backus's Hijl. N. E. ii : 16, 18 ; 
Abridgment of do. 135 ; MS. letters 
from Mr. F. B. Dexter and Mr. Geo. H. 
Taber.] 

2« Williatn Fobes {Fobbes, Vobes, 
Forbes) was the fourth fon of John 
Fobes (and Conftant, fifter of Experi- 
ence Mitchel), who was one of the early 
15 ^ 



fettlers at Duxbury, and fubfequently 
one of the original proprietors of 
Bridgewater, where he fettled and died 
about i66r. William married, about 
1667, Elizabeth, youngeft daughter of 
Conftant Southworth of Duxburj', — 
who feems to have been oppofed to the 
match, putting this item into his will : 
" I will and bequeath unto my daughter 
E. S. my next beft bed and furniture, 
with my wife's beft bed, provided fliee 
doe not marry William Fobbes ; but if 
fhee doe, then to have five fhillings." 
William was, of courfe, at the time of 
this Indian campaign, a brother-in-law 
of Church. lie afterwards fettled at 
Little Compton — I do not know wheth- 
er on the land there allotted to his ekier 
brother, Edward, who took it among 
the firft grantees in his father's right 
(fee note 7), — and went commiftary 
with Maj. Church, in the third expedi- 
tion eaft, in 1692. [Savage's Gen. 
Did. ii : 177; Winfor's Duxbury, 25S, 
314; Mitchell's Bridge-vatcr, 159.] 



13 



[ 34] 

ing of H^ir tie- Berries, and that they had no apprehenfions 
of their being fo near them; The Captain fuppofed them 
to be chiefly Women, and therefore calling one Mr. Dil- 
lano^^ who was acquainted with the ground, and the 
Indian Language, and another named Mr. Barns ;'^ with 
thefe two Men he takes right thro' the Swamp as faft as 
he could, and orders the reft to haften after them. Capt. 



2*3 I think this was yonatIia7t Delano 
{DcLamtcy, DeLa Noye, Dcla7ioy, Dal- 
lanoy, Dellajio^ Dclatioe), Ion of Philip, 
who came in the Fortune, in 162 1, and 
was one of the firft fettlers of Duxbury. 
Jonathan was born in 1648, and was 
confequently near 28 years of age at 
this time. He married, 26 Feb., 1678, 
Mercy, daughter of Nathaniel Warren, 
of Plymouth, and had eleven children. 
He became one of the early fettlers of 
Dartmouth (probably in his father's 
right of one Ibare among the 36 origi- 
nal proprietors, in 1652), which would 
account for his being " acquainted with 
the ground." He was " commiffion- 
ated " lieutenant (as I judge for his 
military experience in this war), 20 
May, 1690; was conftable, town clerk, 
surveyor, seleAman, and, in 16S9, dep- 
uty from Dartmouth. He died 28 Dec, 
1720; and his graveftone ftill remains 
in the old Acuflinet burying-ground. 
[Winfor's Duxbury, 251 ; Ricketfon's 
Nexv Bedford, 208, 386 ; Savage's Gen. 
Didl. ii : 34.] 

2« The clew to identification here is 
flight ; but Church's Englifh foldiers 
on this expedition, were likelieft to be 
of Plymouth and its vicinity; and the 
Barnes known to me as beft fulfilling 



this and other natural conditions, is 
Jonathan, fecond fon of John, of Plv- 
mouth, 1632 (probably of Yarmouth, 
1639), ^^'l^o married Mary Plummer. 
Jonathan was born 3 June, 1643, and 
was, confequently, at this time, a little 
more than 33 years of age. In March, 
1664-5, with his father, he had a con- 
troverfy with Mr. Maherfhalalhaflibaz 
(an extraordinary chriftening borrowed 
from Isa. viii : i.) Dyer, of Newport, 
R.-I., in regard to a floop; in which 
he got the worfi: of it, to the amount 
of £13 and his own cofts. He mar- 
ried, 4 Jan., 1665, Elizabeth, daugh- 
ter of William Hedge, of Yarmouth, 
and had eleven children. 29 0(5l., 
167 1, he was appointed, with the 
widow, adminiftrator on his father's 
eftate ; 3 June, 1673, the Court gave 
him, with another, liberty to adt as 
guardian of the children of his fifter Ma- 
ry, who had married Robert Marfhall ; 
in 1677 he was conftable of Plymouth ; 
in 1679 and 16S4 '^^ ferved on coroner's 
juries, and in 1667, 1672, 1681, 1684, 
and 1685, on trial juries. [Savage's 
Gen. Dii'i. i: 121; Plym. Col. Rec. v: 
81, 216, 231; vi : 8, 148; vii : 121, 136, 
172, 242, 243, 285, 298; viii: 31; Free- 
man's Hist, Cafe Cod, ii : 16, 1S6.] 



114 



[ 34 ] 



Church with Dilla7io & Barns having good Horfes, fpur'd 
on and where foon among the Thickeft of the Indiayis^ and 
out of fight of their own Men : Among the Enemy was an 
Indian Woman (who with her Husband had been drove 
off from Rhode- IJla7id^ notwithflanding they had an Houfe 
upon Mr. Sanford\ Land,^^ and had planted an Orchard 
before the War; yet the Inhabitants would not be fatif- 
fyed till they were fent off;^^ and Capt. Church with his 
Family, living then at the faid Sanfords, came acquainted 
with them, who thought it very hard to turn off fuch old, 



-*^ Peleg Sa?iford \_Sandford, Sam- 
ford'\ was fon qf John, who was one of 
the earlieft fettlers of Rhode-Ifland. 
lie, before 1665, married Mary, daugh- 
ter of Gov. Brenton; was admitted 
freeman at Newport, 1666 ; was made 
affiftant in 1667, and again in later 
years ; 1667 was chofen captain of a 
troop of horfe ; was appointed a Com- 
miffioner to England in the fame year, 
but did not go ; was General Treafurer 
in 1678, and afterward ; was elefted 
Major of all troops on the ifland in 
1679; was chofen Governor, on Cran- 
fton's death in 1680, and again in 
1681, 1682, and 1683, when he declined; 
came near being killed by pirates, in 
1682 ; was chofen to go to England for 
the Colony in 1683, and had an Admi- 
ralty commiffion from the king in 
1697-8, followed by a correfpondence 
with Lord Bellemont. It is not known 
when he died. His houfe was in New- 
port. [Savage's Geti. Di6l. iv : 15; 
R.-I. Col. Rec. ii: 147, 186, 218, 241, 
565; iii: 5,8, 30, 80, 83, 97, 106, 120, 
i34> 394-] 



^""^ The following order of the Court, 
pafled 13 March, 1675-6, will Ihow the 
ftate of feeling then exifting on the 
ifland in regard to the refidence of In- 
dians among them : " This AflTembly 
doe order, that whatfoever perfon in 
Rhode Ifland, or elfewhere in this Col- 
lony, that hath either Indian or Indians 
in his cufl:ody, from 12 yeares old and 
upward, fhall be bound in the daytime 
(if he goeth abroad from his houfe), to 
have a fufficient keeper in company 
with him, and to be locked up in the 
night in a fufficient place of fecurity; 
and that if any fuch Indian be found 
without fuch keeper in the day or lockt 
up in the night as abovefaid, all fuch 
mafter foe oftendinge fliall forfeitt £5; 
twenty-five fhillings fliall be to him 
that can take an Indian foe ofiendinge, 
and bring him before the Governor, or 
any magifl:rate; or by two fufficient 
witnefles to teftify againft the oflcndcr, 
and the i-emainder to the Generall 
Treafury." This order was publiflicd 
" by beate of drum." {^R.-I. Col. Rec. 
ii : 534-] 



"5 



[35 ] 

quiet People: but in the end it prov'd a Providence & an 
advantage to him and his Family, as you may fee after- 
w^ards. This Indian Woman knew^ Capt. Churchy and as 
foon as file faw him, held up both her hands and came 
running towards him, crying aloud. Churchy Churchy 
Church. Capt. Church bid her Hop the reft of the In- 
dians^ and tell them. The way to fave their Lives was not to 
run^ but yield them/elves Pri/o?iers, and he would not kill 
them; [35] fo with her help, and Dillano''s, who could call 
to them in their own Language, many of them ftop'd 
and fuiTcndred themfelves ; others fcampering and cafting 
away their baskets, &c. betook themfelves to the thickets, 
but Capt. Church being on Horfe-back foon came up 
with them, and laid hold on a Gun that was in the hand of 
one of the foremoft of the company, pull'd it from him, 
and told him he muft go back. And when he had turned 
them, he began to look about him to fee where he was, 
and what was become of his Company, hoping they might 
be all as well imploy'd as himfelf, but could find none but 
Dillano, who was very bufy gathering up Prifoners; the 
Captain drove his that he had ftop'd to the reft, inquiring 
of Dillano for their Company, but could have no news of 
them. But moving back picked up now and then a skulk- 
ing Prifoner by the way. When they came near the place 
where they firft ftarted the Indians, they difcover'd their 
Company ftanding in a body together, and had taken fome 
few Prifoners; when they faw their Captain, they haftened 

to meet him : They told him they found it difHcult getting 

116 



[ 35 ] 

thro' the Swamp, and neither feeing nor hearing any thing 
of him, they concluded the Enemy had kill d him, and 
were at a great lofs what to do. Having brought their 
Prifoners together they found they had taken and kill'd 66 
of the Enemy. Capt. Church then ask'd the old Squaw, 
What company they belonged 7tnto / She faid. They be- 
longed part to Philip, and part to Q^tnnappin'^' and the 
N^arragan/et-Sachem^^^ difcovered alfo upon her declar- 
ation that both Philip and Qunnappin were about two 
Miles off in the great Cedar Swamp ;^*° he enquired of 
her, What company they had with them ? She anfwered, 
Abtinda7ice of India^is : The Swamp, fhe faid, was full of 
hidians from one end unto the other, that were fettled there, 
that there were near an loo meit came from the Swamp with 
them, and left the77i tipon that plain to gather Hurtle-berry'' s, 
and pro7nifed to call them as they came back out of Sconticut- 
Neck,-^*^ whither they went to kill Cattel and Horfcs for 

"^^^ ^ti{7inapin{Panoquin,So-vagotii/Ji, at Dedham, 25-27 July, and who — 

&c.~) was a Narraganfett, and nephew doubtlefs with his followers — was like- 

of Miantutmomoh. He became an ally ly to have been at this time with 

of Philip, — one of his three wives Philip. [Drake's Book of Ind. 257.] 
being a filler of Wootouckanu/ke, Phil- 249 That, as I fuppofe, which is (till 

ip's wife, — was in the Narraganfett called by this name, two or three miles 

fwamp fight, and aided in the attack north-weft of the city of New Bedford, 

on Lancafter, 10 Feb., 1675 ; purchaf- and through which the road to Turner's 

ing Mrs. Rowlandfon of the Narragan- Mills now pafTes. 

fett who captured her at that time. He -*J The fouthern portion of the town 

was taken foon after the time of his of Fair Haven, projeding like a finger 

prefent mention, and was fliot at New- pointing toward the Elizabeth Klands, 

port, on fentence of a Court-martial, — fome 3 miles long by an average 

25 Auguft, 1676. [Drake's Book of Ind. breadth of near \ of a mile, and forming 

239; R.-I. Hifl. Coll. iii: 173.] the eaftern boundary of Ncw-Bcdford 

2*8 Poflibly Pum/iam, who was killed Harbor. 

117 



[ 35 ] 

Provijions for the company. She perceiving Capt. Church 
move towards the Neck, told him, If they went that zuay 
they luoiild all be kiWd. He ask'd her, Where-about they 
croffed the River ? She pointed to the upper paffing 
phice.^^^ Upon which Capt. Church pafled over fo low 
dow^n as he thought it not probable they fhould meet with 
his Track in their return j^^^ and haftened towards the 
Ifland, where he left Little Eyes., with Light-foot.^^ Find- 
ing a convenient place by the River fide for the Securing 
their Prifoners,^^ Capt. Church and Mr. Dillano went 
down to fee what was become of Capt. Light-foot^ and the 
Prifoners left in his charge. Light-foot feeing and know- 
ing them, foon came over with his broken Canoo;^^^ and 
inform'd them. That he hadfeen that day about loo Me7i of 
the Enemy go down into Sconticut Neck, and that they 
were now returning again : Upon which they three ran 
down immediately to a Meadow where Light-foot faid the 
Indians had paffed; where they not only faw their Tracks, 
but alfo them: Where-upon they lay clofe until the En- 



251 The "upper paffing place" was to fwim not more than loo yds. This 

where Church and his company had is juft north of the Wamlutta Mills in 

crofled, the night before, probably about New Bedford, 
where the bridge now is, at the Head -^^ See note 238, ante. 

of the River. [See note 233, ante.'\ ^^ Probably juft above Mill Creek, 

^^^ Any lower croffing could hardly which flows into the Acufhnet juft be- 
have been accomplilhed, even at ebb low the prefent New-Bedford and Fair- 
tide, without fome fwimming or the aid Haven bridge. 

of a canoe. The likelieft place for this 255 pjg doubtlefs landed near Fort 

lower croffing feems to be from Belville Phoenix; then, with Church and De- 

to Ifland Marfla, where the river nar- lano, ran along to the road up out of 

rows fo that they would have needed Sconticut neck and the meadow. 

118 



[ 3^ ] 

emy came into the faid [36] Meadow, and the fore-moft 
fat down his load and halted, until all the company came 
up, and then took up their loads & march'd again the fame 
way that they came down into the Neck, which was the 
neareft way unto their Camp; had they gone the other 
way along the River,^^ they could not have miffed Capt. 
Churches Track, which, would doubtlefs have exposed 
them to the lofs of their Prifoners, if not of their lives. 
But as foon as the Coaft was clear of them, the Captain 
fends his Light-foot to fetch his Prifoners from the Ifland, 
while he and Mr. Dillano returns to the company, fent 
part of them to conduct L ight-foot & his company to the 
aforefaid Meadow, where Capt. Church and his company 
met them; crolTmg the Enemies Track they made all haft, 
until they got over Mattapoifet-river^' near about four 
Miles beyond the mines of Cooks Houfe, where he ap- 
pointed to meet his Indian company, whither he fent Dil- 
lano^ with two more to meet them; ordering them, that if 
the Indiajis were not arrived, to wait for them. Accord- 
ingly, finding no Indians there, they waited until late in 
the Night, when they arrived with their booty .^ They 

256 The neareft path from Sconticut Mattapoifet Harhor, and its courfe for 

neck to the Acuflinet croffing, probably its laft 5 miles averages about 4 miles 

was then very nearly where the road eaft of the Aculhnet, on whofe fliore 

now is ; which averages a diftance of flood Cook's houfe. 

about a mile from the eaftern Ihore of ^^^ The weftcrn path around the great 

the Acufhnet. Church's path hugged cedar fwamp required much longer time 

that fliore, and, as he crolTed lower down, than the eaftern, over which Church 

his track nowhere touched theirs. had come ; and the Indians had that m 

2- Mattapoifet River empties into mind inchoofing it. (See note240,a«/c'.) 

119 



[ 36 ] 

difpatch'd a Poft to their Captain to give him an account 
of their Succefs ; but the day broke before they came to 
him: And when they had compared Succelfes, they very 
remarkably found that the number that each Company 
had taken and llain, was equal. The hidians had kill'd 3 
of the Enemy, and taken ^■y^ Prifoners, as the Englijli had 
done before them, both Engli/Ji and Indians were fur- 
priz'd at this remarkable Providence, and were both 
parties rejoycing at it; being both before afraid of what 
might have been the event of the unequal Succefs of the 
parties.^^^ But the Indians had the fortune to take more 
Arms than the Engli/Ji. They told the Captain, That they 
had mij/ed a brave Opportu7iity by parting ; They came 
upon a great Town of the Enemy ^ viz Capt. Tyasks^*^*^ com- 
pany, ( Tyasks was the next man to Philip^ They fired 
upon the Enemy before they were difcovered, and rail upon 
them with a fiiout ; the Men ran and left their Wives and 
Children, and many of them their Guns :^^'^ They took 

259 The reference is to the prejudice ing his Gun behind him, and his ^'^r/mtt', 

— which Church referred to when he who was taken"; and Hubbard fays, 

made to the Indians of his party the " In June laft," — his chronology, of 

propofition to go by themfelves — ftill courfe, is in fault, — "one TiaJJiq, a 

exiftent in the Colony againft the In- great captain of his [Philip's], his wife 

dians as foldiers in that war; a preju- and child, or children, being taken; 

dice paralleled in obftinate perfiftence though he efcaped himfelf, at firft, yet 

by that fo long entertained by many came fince and furrendred himfelf." 

againft the colored troops in our recent \^B7-ief Hiji. 42 ; Narrative, ic6.] 

ftruggle. 2"i Mr. Drake fays, in his late edition 

2«J Tyajhs {TiaJJiq) I find nothing of of Mather's ^;-/(/////?ci;'j' (p. 181, note), 

more than is here narrated, except that that " the place where these prifoners 

Mather fays of this fight, " Tia/Jiq were taken was probably in fome part 

Philip's Chief Captain ran away leav- of what is fince Rochefter." It is haz- 



[ 37 ] 

Tyasks Wife and Son, and thdt that if their Captain & 
the EfiglifJi company had been with them they might have 
taken fome hundreds of them: And now they determined not 
to part any more. 

That Night Philip fent (as afterwards they found out) a 
great Army to way-lay Capt. Church at the entring on of 
Affawompfet Neck, expe6ting he would have returned the 
fame way he went in; but that was never his method to 
return the fame way that he came; & at this time going 
another way he efcaped falling into the hands of his Ene- 
mies. The next day they went home by Scipica7i^'^ and 
got well with their Prifoners to Plymouth. 

He foon went out again; and this ftroke he drove many 
Weeks ;^'^^ and when he took any number of Prifoners, he 
would pick out fome that he took a fancy to, and would 
tell them, He took a particular fancy to them., and had 
chofe them for himfelf to make Souldicrs of ; and if any 
wo7cld behave themfelves well, he would do well by them, and 
theyfJiould be his men and not Sold out of the Cou7itry. [37] 
If he perceived they look'd furly, and his Indian Souldiers 

ardous for a neophyte to venture to their prefent pofition. on the eaft bank 

differ from one fo long and largely of the Mattapoifett River, to that point 

familiar with Indian affairs; but I think in the road to Plymouth, by Sippican, 

if Mr. Drake would take with him where Church difcovered Awalhonks 

Church's account over the country and her party. [See note 212, ««/<•.] 

traverfed, he would agree with me in ^"3 This is to be taken as a general 

fixing the place of Tialhq's capture as remark, covering Church's relation to 

fomewhere on the northern and weftern this fummer of the war, and not as 

fliirts of the " great cedar fwamp," in intimating that many weeks paffed 

what is now New Bedford. before the period of the next incident 

^'^ It would be a Ihort four miles from which he fpecifically fets down. 
i6 121 



[37 ] 

call'd them treacherous Dogs, as fome of them would 
fometimes do, all the notice he would take of it, would 
only be to clap them on the back, and tell them, Come^ 
come ^ you look wild and fur ly, and mutter^ but that Jignijies 
nothing, thefe my bejl Souldiers were a little while a go as 
wild and furly as you are noiv ; by that time you have been 
but one day along with me, yotCl love me too, and be as brisk 
as any of them,. And it prov'd fo. For there was none 
of them but (after they had been a little while with him, 
and fee his behaviour, and how chearful and fuccefsful his 
Men were) would be as ready to Pilot him to any place 
where the hidians dwelt or haunted (tho' their own 
Fathers or neareft Relations fhould be among them) or to 
fight for him, as any of his own Men. 

Capt. Church was in two particulars much advantaged 
by the great EngliJJt Army^*^ that was now abroad. One 
was, that they drove the Enemy down to that part of the 
Country, viz. to the Eaftward of Tauitton River by which 
means his bulinefs was nearer home. The other was that 
when ever he fell on with a pulh upon any body of the 
Enemy (were they never fo many) they fled expe6ting 
the great Army. And his manner of Marching thro' the 
Woods was fuch, as if he were difcovered, they appeared 



2<5* Befides the Plymouth troops un- der Capts. Brattle and Mofely, were 

der Major Bradford, to whom Church affociated with Bradford's men ; befides 

has herein referred ; Major Talcot was Henchman's forces, which were fcour- 

in the field with fome 250 Englifh and ing the interior woods. [Palfrey's Hiji. 

200 Mohegans from Connecticut, and N. E. iii : 197 ; Barry's HiJl. Ma/s. i : 

two companies from MaflTachufetts, un- 444, 445.] 



[37 ] 

to be more than they were. For he always Marched at a 
wide diftance one from another, partly for their fafety: 
and this was an Indian cuftom, to March thin and fcatter. 
Capt. C/inrck inquired of fome of the Indians that were 
become his Souldiers, How they got fuch advantage often 
of the EnglifJi in their Marches thro* the Woods ? They 
told him, That the Indians gain'd great advantage of the 
EnglifJi by two things ; The Indians always took care in 
their Marches and Fights, not to come too thick together. 
But the EnglifJi always kept in a heap together, that it 
was as eafy to hit them as to hit an Houfe. The other 
was, that if at any time they difcovered a company of 
EnglifJi Souldiers in the Woods, they knew that there was 
all, for the EnglifJi never fcattered; but the Indians always 
divided and fcattered. 

Capt. CJiurcJi now at PlytnoutJi, fomething or other hap- 
pen'd that kept him at home a few days, until a Poft came 
to Mar/Jificld on the Lords day Morning,^^ informing the 
Governour that a great army of Indians were difcovered, 
who it was fuppofed were deiigning to get over the River 
towards Taunton or Bridgwater, to Attack thofe Towns 
that lay on that fide the River.^^*^ The Governour haftned to 
PlymoutJi, raifed what Men he could by the way, came 
to Plymouth in the beginning of the forenoon Exercife; 

265 Sunday, 30 July, 1676. great-river") River. In order to get at 

2«6 Philip had been in the neighbor- Taunton and Bridgewatcr, which were 

hood of Affawompfet Pond, in Middle- on the northern and weftern fide, it was 

borough, on the fouthern and eaftern needful for him tocrofs; and, both for 

fide of Taunton {Tiiicui, i.e. Keh-teih- eafier croffing and to avoid the "great 

tuk-qut iEliof, Gen. xv : 18J, "on-the- army," he would move north to do it. 

123 



[38] 



fent for Capt. CJmrch out of the Meeting-houfe, gave him 
the News, and defired him immediately to Rally what of 
his Company he could; and what Men he had raifed 
fhould joyn them. The Captain beftirs himfelf, but found 
no Bread in the Store-houfe, and fo was forc'd to run 
from Houfe to Houfe to get Houfe-hold Bread for their 
March; but this nor any thing elfe prevented his Marching 
by the beginning of the afternoon Exercife; March- 
[sSJing w4th what Men were ready, he took with him 
the Poft that came from Bridgwater to Pilot him to the 
Place, where he tho't he might meet with the Enemy .^^'^ 



237 Mitchell [in 2 Ma/s. Hijl. Coll. 
vii : 157, and in his HiJl. Bn'dgetvater, 
39] gives an extradt from an old manu- 
fcript wh'ch he fuppoles to have been 
written bj Comfort Willis, who was 
"Town Trooper" at this time, which 
gives fome details flightly at variance 
with Church's account of the matter, 
but which, if genuine, muft take pre- 
cedence in authenticity. He fays, 
" On Saturday [29 July], Capt. Hay- 
ward, Sergt. Packard, John Willis, and 
Il'aac Harris, went out to fee if the In- 
dians were coming down upon them, 
and the}' faw an Indian, which made 
them think the enemy was at hand; 
and thej' immediately preffed Comfort 
Willis and Jofeph Edfon to go port to 
the Governor the fame day at night 
to tell him of it. And he [the Gover- 
nor] went to Plymouth with them the 
next day, [Sunday, 30 July] to fend 
Capt. Church with his company. And 
Capt. Church came with them to Mon- 
ponfet [Halifax] on the Sabbath, and 



came no further that day ; and he told 
them he would meet them the next day. 
And Comfort Willis and Jofeph Edfon 
came home at night, and told their 
friends of it, and Enfign Haward, Sam- 
uel Edfon, Jofiah Edfon, Jofeph Edfon, 
John Wafliburn, Samuel Walhburn, 
Thomas Walbburn, John Field, Nicholas 
Byram, Samuel Allen, Samuel Allen, 
jr., John Gordon, John Hayward, John 
Packard, John Ames, Comfort Willis, 
Guido Bailey, Nathaniel Hayward, John 
Whitman, John Packard, and Samuel 
Leach went out on Monday, fuppofing 
to meet with Captain Church ; but 
they came upon the enemy, and fought 
with them, and took feventeen of them 
alive, and alfo much plunder, and they 
all returned, and not one of them fell 
by the enemy, and received no help 
from Church." 

I incline to accept the verfion of 
this MS., and I reconcile its ftatements 
with thofe of Church by fuppofing him, 
in his reminifcence of the events, forty 



124 



[38] 

In the Evening they heard a fmart firing at a diftance from 
them, but it being near Night, and the firing but of fhort 
continuance, they mifs'd the place and went into Bridg- 
water Town5'^ It feems, the occafion of the firing, was. 
That Philip finding that Capt. Church made that fide of 
the Country too hot for him, defign'd to return to the 
other fide of the Country that he came laft from.^^ And 
coming to Taunton River with his company,^™ they fell'd 



years after, to have dropped out one 
day from his reckoning, — if his lan- 
guage was meant to be taken, as it 
would naturally be, as implying that 
"in the evening" was the evening of 
the fame day on which he left Ply- 
mouth. I think that he went no further 
than Monponfet on the Sabbath ; that 
on Monday he fcouted fouth-weftward 
toward Bridgewater, along the upper 
fkirt of thofe great cedar fwamps which 
ftill occupy fo many miles of the north- 
ern part of Middleborough, and where 
he would be likelieft to find Philip, but 
failed to fall in with him ; that the 
" fmart firing at a diftance " which he 
heard, was that of Comfort Willis's 
party {Increaje Mather fays it was 
" about 3 k. p. m.'") ; and that " mifling 
the place " of that, he went into Bridge- 
water Town on Monday evening, 31 
July. Hubbard and both the Mathers 
fix the date of the expedition of the 
Bridgewater men — as the old MS. does 
— on Monday, 31 July; while, if the 
apparent ftatement of Church were 
taken, it would fix it on Sunday, the 
30th. Four to one, and that one dic- 
tating fo long afterward, muft carry 



the day. [Hubbard's Narrative, loi ; 
Brief Hijiory, ^^\ Magnalia (ed. 1853) 

ii: 575-] 

268 Bridge-water Town then was 
what is now known as Weft Bridge- 
water; the firft fettlement having been 
made on Town River, lefs than three 
miles eaft of the prefent eaftern boun- 
dary line of Eafton. 

^'^ That is, on the weftern fide of 
Titicut River, toward the Nipmuck 
country, north-wefterly, or toward the 
Narraganfett country on the fouth-weft. 

^''' After long inquiry, I have 
failed to get any evidence, of much 
value, fixing the pofition of this croff- 
ing-place where the tree was felled. 
The only tradition of any fort which 
has come to my knowledge, with re- 
gard to it, was furnifhed me by Williams 
Latham, Efq., of Bridgewater, who 
informs me that Mr. Stillman B. Pratt, 
late editor of the Middleborough Ga- 
zette, once told him that the tree was 
felled near the junction of the Nema(ket, 
with the Taunton River. This fpot is 
about three quarters of a mile a little 
eaft of fouth of the prefent Titicut 
Station on the Old-Colony and Fall- 



"5 



[38] 

a great Tree a-crofs the River for a Bridge to pafs over 
on; and juft as Philips old Uncle Akkonipoin^''^ and fome 
other of his chiefs were palling over the Tree, fome brisk 
Bridgivater Lads, had Ambuih'd them, fired upon them, 
and killed the old man, and feveral others, which put a 
flop to their coming over the River that Night. 

Next Morning ^'^ Capt. Church moved very early with 
his Company which was increafed by many of Bridgwater 
that lilted under him for that Expedition, and by their 
Piloting, he foon came very ftill, to the top of the gixat 
Tree which the Enemy had fallen a-crofs the River; and 
the Captain fpy'd an Indian fitting upon the flump of it on 
the other fide of the river; and he clap'd his Gun up, and 
had doubtlefs difpatch'd him, but that one of his own 
Indians called hallily to him, Not to fire, for he believed it 
was one of his own men; upon which the Indian upon 

River Railroad. I diflruft this tradi- in his natural route from Monponfet. 

tion, however, and am of opinion that I Ihould be inclined, then, to place the 

Philip kept up feveral miles further on probable pofition of the tree much near- 

the eaft bank of Town River, before er to Sprague's Hill than to Titicut. 

crofling, for thefe reafons : (i) it feems '^^i Unkompoin \^Unco}>ipotveii~\f\gned 

to me, intrinfically, quite as probable a treaty of friendfhip with the Englilli 

that he would do fo; (2) the ftream at Plymouth, 6 Aug, 1662, with Philip, 

would be much lefs in width, and could and is there ftyled " Vnkell to the aboue- 

be much eafier croffed upon a tree, in faid fachem." With Philip, he claimed 

the manner fuggefted ; (3) the requifites land in Swanfey, in 1668. Mather fays 

of the fubfequent narrative feem to me he was " one of his [Philip's] chief 

to require them to be further north on Councellors." Mr. Drake fays he was 

the ftream next day than they would alfo called WoonkaponeJmnt and Woh- 

have been if the tree had been as low koivpahenitt. \^Plym. Col. Rec. iv : 

down as Titicut ; and (4) that my fup- 26 ; v : 79 ; Brief Hijl. 44 ; Book of 

pofition would bring their " firing " up Ind. 199, 203, 204.] 

more nearly within Church's hearing, 272 Tuefday, i Aug. 

126 



[ 38 ] 



the ftump look'd about, and Capt. Churches hidian feeing 
his face perceived his miftake, for he knew him to be 
Philip ; clap'd up his Gun and fired, but it was too late, 
for Philip immediately threw himfelf off the ftump, leap'd 
down a bank on the fide of the River, and made his 
efcape. Capt Chiirch as foon as polTible got over the 
River, and fcattered in queft of Philip, and his company; 
but the Enemy fcattered and fled every way; but he 
pick'd up a confiderable many of their Women and Chil- 
dren, among which was Philip\ Wife, and Son of about 
Nine Years Old.^"^ Difcovering a confiderable new Track 



2"3 Philip's wife's name, Mr. Drake 
fays, was Woototiehaiui/ke ; and he adds 
that Ihe was a fifter of one of the three 
wives of Quinnapin. Judge Davis gives 
an interefting account of the difcuffion 
that took place in the Colony in regard 
to the difpofition to be made of Philip's 
fon. The Court feem — as they often 
did, on queftions concerning which they 
had doubt, and the more efpecially 
when thofe queftions were of a moral 
nature — to have confulted the princi- 
pal Reverend Elders. Samuel Arnold 
(paftor of the church in Marlhfield) and 
John Cotton (Plymouth) write, 7 Sept., 
1676, thus : " Upon ferious confidera- 
tion, we humbly conceive that the chil- 
dren of notorious traitors, rebells and 
murtherers, efpecially of fuch as have 
bin. principal leaders and adtors in fuch 
horrid villanies, and that againft a 
whole nation, yea the whole Ifrael of 
God, may be involved in the guilt of 
their parents, and may, falva repub- 
lican be adjudged to death, as to us 



feems evident by the fcripture inftances 
of Saul, Achan, Hantan, the children 
of whom were cut off by the fword of 
Juftice for the tranfgreflions of their 
parents, although, concerning fome of 
thole children, it be manifeft that they 
were not capable of being coa<5lers 
therein." Increafe Mather, of Bofton, 
wrote to Mr. Cotton, 30 0(5t., 1676: 
" It is neceftary that fome effedlual 
courfe fliould be taken about him 
[Philip's fon]. He makes me think of 
Hadad, who was a little child when his 
father (the chief fachem of the Edom- 
ites) was killed byjoab; and, had not 
others fled away with him, I am apt to 
think, that David would have taken a 
courfe, that Hadad Ihould never have 
proved a fcourge to the next genera- 
tion." Rev. James Keith, of Bridgcwa- 
ter, alio wrote to Mr. Cotton, 30 Oii., 
1676, but as follows : " I long to hear 
what becomes of Philip's wife and fon. 
I know there is fome difliculty in that 
P/alm, cxxxvii : 8, 9, though I think it 



127 



[38] 

along the River, and examining the Prifoners, found that 
it was Qtifinappin and the Narraganfets^ that were drawing 
off from thofe parts towards the Narraganfet Country, he 
inquired of the Prifoners, Whether Philip were gone in the 
fame Track ? they told him, They did not know ^ for he fled 
in a great fright when the firfl Englifh Gun was flred, and 
they had none of them fee^i or heard any thing of him fljice. 
Capt. Chttrch left part of his Company there to fecure the 
Prifoners they got, and to pick up what more they could 
find; and with the reft of his company hafted in the Track 
of the Enemy to over-take them, if it might be, before 
they got over the River, and ran fome Miles along the 
River until he came unto a place where the Indians had 
waded over;^'* and he with his Company waded over 
after them up to the Arm-pits; being almoft as wet be- 
fore with Sweat as the River could make them: Follow- 
ing about a Mile further, and not overtaking them, and the 

may be confidered, whether there be Bermudas. [Davis's Morion's Alem. 

not fome fpecialty and fomewhat ex- 454-] 

traordinarj in it. That law, Dcut. '■^'* While bathing, when a boy, in this 
xxiv : i6, compared with the com- river, I have often waded acrofs on a 
mended example of Amaziak, 2 Chron. bar which a local tradition affigns as 
XXV : 4, doth fway much with me in the place where the Indians crofled on 
the cafe under confideration. I hope this occafion. It is, if I remember cor- 
God will diredt thofe whom it doth redlly, perhaps a mile and a quarter 
concern to a good ilTue, &c. &c." By a up ftream from the juncftion of the 
letter from Mr. Cotton to Dr. Mather, Nemafket with the Taunton, and nearly 
20 March, 1677, which contains this due weft of the refidence of the late 
pafling remark, " Philip's boy goes now Cephas Thompfon, Efq., in Middle- 
to be fold," it is made almoft certain borough. If the pofition of the tree 
that, with his mother, he Ihared the was where I fuppofe it to have been 
fate of fo many of his nation, and went (fee note 270, ante), this fuits very well 
to fpend his fpared life in Cadiz, or the the demands of the narrative. 

128 



[39] 

Captain being under a neceffity [39] to return that Night 
to the Army, came to an halt, told his Company, he mtijl 
return to his other men. His Indians Souldiers moved for 
leave to purfue the Enemy (tho' he return'd;) faid, The 
Narraganfets were great Rogues, and they wanted to be 
revenged on them for killing fome of their Relations ; named, 
Tokkamo7ta'^'^ {AwafJtonks Brother) and fome others. 
Capt. Church bad them go & profper, and made Light-foot 
their chief,^'*^ and gave him the title of Captain, Bid them 
go and quit themfelves like men. And away they fcam- 
pered like fo many Horfes. Next Morning ^"^ early they 
returned to their Captain, and informed him, That they 
had come up with the Enemy , and kiWd feveral of them,., 
and brotight him Thirteen of them Prifoiiers ; were mighty 
proud of their Exploit, and rejoyced much at the oppor- 
tunity of avenging themfelves. Capt. Church fent the 
Prifoners to Bridgwater, and fent out his Scouts to fee 
what Enemies or Tracks they could, difcovering fome 
fmall Tracks, he follows them, found where the Enemy 
had kindled fome fires, and roafted fome flcfh, &c. but 
had put out their fires and were gone. The Captain fol- 
lowed them by the Track, putting his Indians in the Front; 
fome of which were fuch as he had newly taken from the 

276 Takanumtna, " a Sachem at Sac- Treafurer, and Philip engaged for his 

onett," appeared at Plymouth Court, " performance of the faid engagement 

3 Nov., 1671, "with Philip, cheife Sa- in all points thereof." \_Plym. Col. Rcc. 

chem," and engaged fubjedtion "to the v: 80. 

Kinges ma"« of England, thisgou'ment, ^76 See note 238, ante. 

and the lawes thereof," &c., agreeing to 277 Wednefday, 3 Auguft, 1676. 
pay yearly one wolf's head to the 

17 129 



[39 ] 

Enemy, and added to his Company. Gave them order to 
March foftly, and upon hearing a whiflle in the Rear to fit 
down, till further order. Or upon difcovery of any of the 
Enemy to Hop, for his defign was, if he could, difcover 
where the Enemy were, not to fall upon them (unlefs 
neceffitated to do it) until next Morning. The Indians in 
the Front came up with many Women and Children, and 
others that were faint and tired, and fo not able to keep up 
with the Company; thefe gave them an account that 
Philip with a great number of the Enemy were a little 
before. Capt. Churches Indians told the others. They were 
their Prifoners^ but if they would fubmit to order and be 
Jiill 7to one JJiould hurt them : They being their old ac- 
quaintance, they were eafily perfwaded to conform. A 
little before Sun-fet there was a halt in the Front until the 
Captain came up, and they told him. They di/covered the 
Enemy : He order'd them, to dog them, and watch their 
motion till it was dark. But Philip foon came to a Hop, 
and fell to breaking and chopping Wood, to make fires ; 
and a great noife they made. Capt. Church draws his 
company up into a ring, and fat down in the Swamp ^'^ 

2"^ I find no data in any of the ac- borough, probably not far from the 

counts of this purfuit for an accurate pofition of the State Ahns Houfe in 

determination of the locality of this the former. From this point, where 

fwamp; our only guide being general the Indians waded acrofs to the Bridge- 

conjeiiture founded upon the lay of the water fide, they unqueftionably fliaped 

land, the time taken, and the probabil- their general courfe for the Narragan- 

ities of the cafe. We muft afTume as fett country. But in doing fo they muft 

the point of departure fome place on make a detour to the weft to avoid the 

Titicut River where it divides the pref- " army " in Taunton ; as following the 

ent towns of Bridgewater and Middle- neareft route along the vveftern bank of 

130 



[39 ] 

without any noife or fire : The Indian Prifoners were 
much furprized to fee the EngliJJi Souldiers; but the Cap- 
tain told them, If they would be quiet and not make any dif- 
tnrdance or noi/e, they JJiould meet with civil treattjient, but 
if they made any difiurbancc^ or offered to run^ or make their 
cfcape, he woiild immediately kill them all ; fo they were 
very fubmiffive & obfequious. When the day broke,^™ 
Capt. Church told his Prifoners, That his Expedition was 
fuch at this time that he could not afford them any guard : 
Told them, They would find it to be their intercfl to attend 
the orders he was now about to give the7n ; which was, That 
zuhen the fight was over, which they noiv expelled ; or as 



the river would bring them diredlly up- 
on that town. A glance at the config- 
uration of the country will make it moft 
probable, then, that they pafled between 
Ntinkatejl {Nippentcket) and Gu/Jiee 
ponds, over into the north part of what 
is now Raynham, and thence into the 
north part of what is now Taunton, 
between Wimifconiiet and Watfon's 
ponds, and fo fouth-weft, about as the 
divifion line between Taunton and 
Norton runs, toward Rehoboth. I af- 
fume that from 15 to 18 miles through 
thofe rough wood-paths and fwamps 
would be as much as fuch a mixed 
company, many of whom were "faint 
and tired," could accomplifh in a day. 
This, by the route which I have indi- 
cated, would bring them near to three 
cedar fwamps ; one now called Crook- 
ed-Meadow Swamp, through which the 
town line between Taunton and Norton 
runs; one called Seekonk Swamp, 



in the fouthern angle of Norton ; and 
a fmaller one, three-quarters of a mile 
into Rehoboth, and fome two miles 
north of Squannakonk Swamp, where 
Annavjon was afterwards taken. It is 
my impreffion that the latter beft meets 
all the conditions of the cafe. Philip 
feems to have camped on an upland on 
the edge of or within the fwainp, as 
was their cuftom. Mr. Drake, in his 
edition of Church, places the fwamp 
which fheltered them in Mattapoifett 
neck in Swanfey. But that mult have 
involved a return march on the part of 
Church and his prifoners of 25 to 30 
miles back to Bridgcwater, which was 
more than they could well accomplilh 
before "that night"; befides that from 
Swanfev Church's natural route would 
have led through Taunton, where he 
would moft likely have delivered his 
prifoners, as on a fubfequent occafion. 
•^''^ Thurfday, 3 Auguft, 1676. 



131 



[4o] 

foon as the firing cea/ed, they im{/l follow the Tracks of his 
Company and come to them. (An [40] Indian is next to 
a blood-hound to follow a Track.) He faid to them, It 
wo2ild be in vain for them to think of difobedience^ or to 
gain any thing by it, for he had take?t aitd killed a great 
many of the Indian Rebels, a7id fiwnld in a little ti'ine kill 
and take all the reft, &c. By this time it began to be fo 
light, as the time that he ufually chofe to make his on- 
fet. He moved fending two Souldiers before to try if 
they could privately difcover the Enemies poftures. But 
very unhappily it fell out, that the very fame time 
Philip had fent two of his as a Scout upon his own 
Track, to fee if none dog'd them; who fpy'd the two 
Indiati men, and turn'd Ihort about, and fled with all 
fpeed to their Camp: and Capt. Church purfued as faft 
as he could; the two Indians fet a yelling and howling, 
and made the moft hideous noife they could invent, foon 
gave the Alarm to Philip & his Camp; who all fled at the 
firlt tydings, left their Kittles boiling & Meat roafting 
upon their wooden Spits, & run into a Swamp with no 
other Break-faft, than what Capt. Church afterwards treated 
them with. Capt. Church purfuing, fent Mr. Ifaac How- 
land"^^^ with a party on one lide of the Swamp, while him- 



2^" I/aac Horuland -wa-s joungeft fon at M., in 1674, 16S4, 1685, 1686; ad- 

of John, and brother of Jabez (fee note mitted freeman in 1681 ; was a member 

207, atitc) ; was one of the firft fettlers of of the " grand enqueft," in 1682 ; ferved 

Middleborough ; married EHza, daugh- on a trial Jliry, in 1683 ; was licenfed to 

ter of George Vaughan ; was iurvejor keep an ordinary at M., in 1684; was 

of highways at M., in 1672; feledtman deputy for M., in 1689, 1690, 1691 ; re- 

132 



[4°] 

felf with the reft ran on the other-fide, aOTeeinji to run on 
each fide, until they met on the further end : placing fome 
men in fecure Stands at that end of the Swamp where 
Philip entered, concluding that if they headed him and 
beat him back, that he would take back in his own Track. 
Capt. Church and Mr. Howland foon met at the further 
end of the Swamp (it not being a great one) where they 
met with a great number of the Enemy, well armed, com- 
ing out of the Swamp. But on fight of the EngliJJi they 
feemed very much furprized, & tack'd fhort. Capt. 
Church called haftily to them, and faid, If they fired one 
Gun they were all dead men ; for he would have them 
know that he had them hem^d in, with a force fufficient to 
command them; but if they peaceably furrender^d they 
fJiould have good quarter^"^^ &c. They feeing both Indians 
and EnglifJt come fo thick upon them, were fo furprized 
that many of them ftood ftill and let the EnglifJi come and 

ceived £7 of Thomas Joflen, of Little Capt. Churches Company, &^^y\r\g\.\\Qm, 
Compton, for " a joak of oxen, unjuftly called aloud unto them in their own Lan- 
detained." [Savage's Ge7i. Did. \\: guage, telling them, //^«0/ ///^'^^^^ « 
479; Plym. Col. Rec. v: 93, 145; vi : Gun, they were all dead men; with 
62, 86, 129, 131, 168, 186, 198, 206, 212, which they were fo amazed, that they 
222, 240, 246, 263, 268.] durft not once offer to fire at the En- 
281 Hubbard fays, "In this engage- glini, which made the victory the more 
ment God did appear in a more then remarkable." ^Narrative, 102.] Ma- 
ordinary manner to fight for the En- ther IBrief Hhtory, 44] ^cld« that the 
glilh, for the Indians by their number, Indian's name was Matthias. As Church 
and other advantages of the place, were could not himfelf fpeak Indian, this is 
fo conveniently provided, that they probably the correct verfion of what 
might have made the firft fiiot at the took place; or perhaps he fpoke in En- 
Englim, and done them much damage ; glhh, and his Indian foldiers repeated 
but one of their own Country-men in his words in their tongue. 



[ 41 ] 

take the Guns out of their hands, when they were both 
charged and cock'd. Man}' both Men, Women and Chil- 
dren of the Enemy were imprifoned at this time; while 
Philip, Ti/paqtiin, Totofonf^"" &c. concluded that the Eng- 
lijli would purfue them upon their Tracks, fo were way- 
laying their Tracks at the firft end of the Swamp, hoping 
thereby to gain a fhot upon Capt. Church who was now 
better imploy'd in taking his Prifoners & running them 
into a Valley, in form fomething fhap'd like a Punch- 
bole, and appointing a guard of two files trible armed 
with Guns taken from the Enemy. But Philip having 
waited all this while in vain, now moves on after the reft 
of his company to fee what was become of them. And 
by this time Capt. Church was got into the Swamp ready 
to meet him; and as it happen'd made the firft difcovery, 
clapt behind a Tree until Philips company came pretty 
near, and then fired upon them, kilfd many of them, and a 
clofe skirmifh followed. Upon this Philip having grounds 
fufficient to fufpe6l the event of his com[4i]pany that 

"^"^ Tatofon {Totqfon, Tantozen') is of lands upon JF('<'(7«rt'»r<?// neck in 1666; 

faid to have been the fon of Sam with others " engaged his Fidelitie "' to 

Barroxv, whofe death is mentioned fur- the Colony at Plymouth, 6 July, 1671 ; 

ther on. There is a tradition that his led the party that murdered Clark's 

camp was upon what — it is thought Garrifon, 12 March, 1676 (fee note 156, 

by corruption from his name — is now ante), whereupon "four coates" were 

called Tovjfey's neck, an upland penin- offered to Caft. Amos as a reward if 

fula proje6ting into Great-Bear Swamp, he would "bring him in"; and feems 

about a mile and a half fouth-wefl: of to have died miferably, foon after Phil- 

the village of Rochefter, Mafs., and a ip's death, as will appear further on. 

ihort diftance eaft of the road to Matta- [Drake's Book of the Ind. 244 ; Plytn. 

poifett. Tatofon was witnefs to a deed Col. Rec. v: 72, 205, 206, 209.] 

134 



[41 J 

went before them, fled back upon his own Track; and 
coming to the place where the Ambufli lay, they tired on 
each other, and one Lncus of PlymoiUh^'^^ not being fo 



"^•^ Thomas Lucas {Litcaj'e) has a 
fingularly and perfiftentlj bad record. 
He firft appears before the Court, 3 
Feb., 1656, when he had a controverly 
with the widow Dotej, and was call; in 
35. ; 2 0(5l., 1658, he was fined 10s. for 
a fecond convi(5lion of drunkennefs, and 
55. for retailing ftrong liquors ; 6 Otft., 
1659, he was fined 105. for being drunk; 
7 Mar., 1659-60, he was fined 305. for 
abufive condudt toward James Cole, 
sen.'s wife and James Cole, jr. 's child; 
2 0(5l., 1660, he was fined 105. for be- 
ing drunk twice; 5 Mar., 1660-1, he 
was bound in £20 to find fureties for 
good behavior, but prefenting himfelf 
in Court, " diftempered with drinke," 
and with " vnbefeeming behauiour" he 
was committed to prifon and fined 405. ; 
7 May, following, he was found drunk, 
and broke his bonds, and his cafe was 
referred to the next Court, which "upon 
fome confiderations " remitted £10 of 
his forfeiture; 3 Mar., 1662-3 he was 
fentenced to be "whipt" for drunken- 
nefs, but the fentence was fufpended 
if he did not offend again ; i Mar., 
1663-4, he got his whipping, and was 
alfo bound over in £20, for abufing his 
wife and reviling others ; 8 June, 1664, 
he was put in the ftocks for fwearing; 
9 June, 1665, was imprifoned 24 hours 
for the fame offence; 3 0(5l., 1665, he 
was fined 105. for being drunk; 2 Mar., 
1668-9, his wife teftified that he had not 
abufed her fince he was bound over; 



and he, promifing amendment, was 
releafed of that prefentment; 7 June, 
1670, he was fined t,s. ^d. for breaking 
the king's peace ; 3 June, 1673, he was 
arrefted for being drunk, but " releafed 
with admonition"; i June, 1675, "for 
being diftempered with drinke, it being 
foe often, and that hee hath borne feu- 
erall p'ticular punilhments gradually, 
and can not be reclaimed, it was or- 
dered concerning him that all that fell 
drinke be ftridtly ordered and prohib- 
ited to let hiin haue none " ; 30 061., 
1675, for being drunk, and for reviling 
fome deceafed magirtrates, he was 
" whipt att the poft." The only coun- 
tervailing records concerning him — fo 
far as they are fuch — which I have 
found, are that, 5 Mar., 1651-2, he 
gained £3 125. in a jury trial from 
Richard Hawes; 15 July, 1660, he af- 
fixed his mark to the verdiifl of a coro- 
ner's inqueft on the death of James 
Peirfe; and that, 29 Od., 1669, a jury 
gave him cofts when fued by Jofeph 
Bartlett, for 258 lbs. of " beife delivered 
att his houfe." He was clearlj' a mif- 
erable, drunken, profane, quarrelfome 
fellow, and his life — as Church in- 
timates by carelefTnefs (he could hardly 
have been drunk fo early in the morn- 
ing)— found fit ending. He had five 
children, viz: John, born 15 July, 1656; 
Mary, born 15 Mar., 165S; Benoni, born 
30 Oa., 1659; Samuel, born 15 Sept., 
1661 ; and William, born 13 Jan., 1662. 



13s 



[41 ] 

careful as he might have been about his Stand, was kilFd 
by the Indians. In this Swamp skirmifh Capt. CJuirch 
with his two men which always ran by his lide as his 
guard, met with three of the Enemy, two of which furren- 
dred themfelves, and the Captains guard feized them, but 
the other being a great flout furly fellow, with his two 
locks ty'd up with red, and a great Rattle-fnake skin 
hanging to the back part of his head, (whom Capt. Church 
concluded to be Toio/on) ran from them into the Swamp 
Capt. Church in perfon purfued him clofe, till coming 
pretty near up with him, prefented his Gun between his 
Shoulders, but it milling fire, the Indian perceiving it, 
turn'd and prefented at Capt. Church, and miffing fire alfo ; 
their Guns taking wet with the Fog and Dew of the 
Morning ; but the Indian turning fhort for another run, 
his foot trip'd in a fmall grape-vine, and he fell flat on his 
face; Capt. Church was by this time up with him, and 
ftruck the Muzzle of his Gun an inch and half into the 
back part of his head, which difpatch'd him without an- 
other blow. But Capt. Church looking behind him faw 
Totofon the Indian whom he tho't he had kill'd, come 
flying at him like a dragon : But this happened to be fair 
in fight of the guard that were fet to keep the Prifoners, 
who fpying Totofon, and others that were following of 
him, in the very feafonable jun6lure made a fliot upon 
them, and refcued their Captain; tho' he was in no fmall 

IPlym. Col. Rcc. iii : no, 150, 173, 181, 51, 55, 66, loi, 106; v : 16, 39, iiS, 169, 
196, 200, 206, 207, 212, 320, 223; iv: 33, 182; vii: 57, 157; viii : 23.] 

136 



[ 41 ] 

danger from his friends bullets, for fome of them came fo 
near him that he tho't he felt the wind of them. The 
skirmifh being over, they gathered their Prifoners to- 
gether, and found the number that they had killed and 
taken was 173^^ (the Prifoners which they took over 
Night included) who after the skirmifh came to them, as 
they were ordered. 

Now having no Provifions, but what they took from the 
Enemy, they haftened to Bridgwater, fending an exprefs 
before to provide for them, their Company being now 
very numerous. The Gentlemen oi Bridgwater met Capt. 
CJmrch with great expreffion of honour and thanks, and 
received him and his Army with all due refpe6l and kind 
treatment. 

Capt. Church drove his Prifoners that Night into Bridg- 
water Pound,"^^ and fet his Indian Souldiers to guard 
them. They being well treated with Vi6luals and drink, 
they had a merry Night; and the Prifoners laugh'd as loud 
as the Souldiers, not being fo treated a long time before. 

Some of the Indians now faid to Capt. Church, Sir, You 
have now made Philip ready to dye, for you have made him 

234 Hubbard fays Church had in his pay, and that of his company, depcnd- 

own force but "30 EngHlhmen and 20 ed on the number, would fix it in his 

reconciled Indians," and that he took mind. 

and killed "about" 153 of the enemy. ^sa The pound was fituated on the 

\^Narrative, 102.] Increafe Mather fays north bank of the Town River, in what 

the fame [^^-/</i///?<?;-_}', 44], and fo does is now Weft Bridgewater, within five 

his fon, Cotton. IMagtialia, ed. 1853, rods of the river, and ten rods below 

ii : 575.] But, in this. Church's mem- the old town bridge ; oppofite to the fitc 

ory, and notes, are the beft authority; formerly occupied by the office of Wil- 

the more efpecially as the fad that his liam Baylies, Efq. 
18 137 



[42 ] 

as poor, and mi/ej^able as he tis''d to make the Englifh; for 
you have nozu killed or takeji all his Relations. That they 
believed he would now fo on have his head, and that this bout 
had almojl broke his heart. 

The next day Capt. Church moved and arrived with all 
his Prifoners fafe at Plymouth?^'^' The great EngliJ/i army 
were now at Taunton, and Maj. Talcot"^^' [42] with the 
Connedlicut Forces being in thefe parts of the Country, did 
confiderable fpoil upon the Enemy .^^^ 

Now Capt. Church being arrived at Plymouth, received 
thanks from the Government for his good Service, ^c. 
many of his Souldiers were difbanded; and he tho't to 
reft himfelf awhile, being much fategued and his health 
impared, by exceffive heats and colds, and wading thro' 
Rivers, &c. But it was not long^^^ before he was call'd 



286 Friday, 4 Auguft, 1676. 

287 John Talcott {Tailecoat, Tayl- 
coai) was fon of John (who came in the 
"Lion," to Cambridge, in 1632, and re- 
moved with Hooker to Hartford) ; was 
born in England ; after ferving in vari- 
ous offices was made chief military 
officer of Hartford Co., 26 June, 1672 ; 
was made Major, 7 Aug., 1673, and, 26 
Nov., 1673, Commander-in-chief of all 
forces then raifing againft New York; 
15 May, 1676, he was fimilarly appoint- 
ed over the ti-oops raifed for Philip's 
war, and was very adtive and fuccefsful 
in his command. He died, 23 July, 
1688. He had 14 children, by Helena 
Wakeman and Mary Cook. [Savage's 
Gen. Did. iv : 250; Colonial Records of 



13S 



Connedicut, ii : 183, 206, 218, 279, 443, 
444, 447-55, 458-65.] 

28S Maj. Talcott, with the ConneAi- 
cut forces, after having killed and taken 
many of the Indians in the Narraganfett 
country, returned to Connet!:ticut about 
5 July. Having recruited his men a 
Ihort time, he took his ftation at Weft- 
field, where he fell with great fuccefs 
upon Indians fleeing weftward. [Trum- 
bull's Hi/i. Conn, i : 348.] 

2*^9 Church's language here, and a 
little further on, is milleading; as it 
would feem to imply a much greater 
lapfe of time than really took place. 
He returned to Plymouth from his laft 
Bridgewater expedition, as we have 
feen, on Friday, 4 Aug., 1676. As 



[ 42 ] 

upon to Rally, upon advice that fome of the Enemy were 
difcovered in Dartmouth woods. He took his Lidiajis, 
and as many EnglifJi Volunteers as prefented, to go with 
him, and fcattering into fmall parcels. Mr. Jabez How- 
land (who was now, and often his Lieutenant and a 
worthy good Souldiers) '^^ had the fortune to difcover and 
imprifon a parcel of the Enemy. In the Evening they 
met together at an appointed place, and by examining the 
Prifoners, they gain'd intelligence of Toto/ons haunt ;^^ and 
being brisk in the Morning, they foon gain'd an advantage 
of Toto/ons company, tho' he himfelf with his Son of about 
Eight Years old made their efcape, and one old Squaw 
with them, to Agawom'^ his own Country. But Sam 
Barrow^^ as noted a Rogue as any among the Enemy, 
fell into the hands of the EngliJJi^ at this time. Capt. 
Church told him. That becaufe of his inhicmane Murders 
and Barbarities^ the Coiirt had allowed him no qtiaiier, but 
was to be forthwith put to Deaths and therefore he was to 
prepare for it. Barrow reply'd. That the Seiitence of 

Philip was killed one week from the ^oi See note 2S2, ante. If this refers 
next day, and as Church muft have to To^v/cr's neck in Rochefler, the par- 
been at leaft one day on the route to tj probably did not crofs the Aculhnet 
Pocaffet and Rhode-Ifland, only four River at this time, 
week-days are left after the Sabbath '^' See note 209, ante. 
following his return from Bridgewater, ^93 Sam. Barroiv is ftated to have 
for the expedition toward Dartmouth been Tatofon's father (fee note 282, 
woods. It would feem, then, that ante). I find nothing elfe concerning 
Church only laid ftiU over Saturday him, except that he appears to figure 
and Sunday, — which, literally, was upon the Colony Records in the lift of 
" not long, " — and " rallied " for Dart- the party dcftroying Clark's Garrifon, 
mouth on Monday, 7 Aug. under the name of Sanballvtt. [Pljm. 
29^ See note 207, ante. Col. Rec. v: 206.] 

139 



[42 ] 

Death againjl him was jiijl^ and that indeed he was aJJiamed 
to live any longer^ and dcjij'cd no more fazwnr than to Smoke 
a Whiff of Tobacco before his Executio7i. When he had 
taken a few Whiffs, he faid, He was ready ; upon which 
one of Capt. Chiirches hidians funk his Hatchet into his 
Brains. The famous Totofon arriving at Agawom, his 
Son which was the laft which was left of his Family (Capt. 
Chnrch having deftroyed all the reft) fell lick: The wretch 
reflecting upon the miferable condition he had bro't him- 
felf into, his heart became as a ftone within him, and he 
dy'd.^^^ The old Squaw flung a few leaves and brufli over 
him, and came into Sandwich, and gave this account of his 
death, and offered to fhew them where fhe left his body; 
but never had the opportunity, for Ihe immediately fell 
fick and dy'd alfo. 

Capt. Chnrch being now at PI inouth again weary and 
worn, would have gone home to his Wife and Family, but 
the Government beinof Solicitous to ino^ao:e him in the 
Service until Philip was flain, and promifmg him fatis- 
fa6tion and redrefs for fome miftreatment that he had met 
with; He fixes for another Expedition; he had foon Vol- 
unteers enough to make up the Company he defired and 
Marched thro' the Woods, until he came to PocaffctP^ 

-^* It is prelumable that this fon of on Friday morning, at the lateft, thus 

eight years, who thus fell lick, died to have reached Pocaflet in time to 

before his father; as the fquaw appa- crofs the ferry, and ride 8 miles down 

rently made no further mention of the ifland, while it was yet light enough 

hi™- on the afternoon of Friday, the nth, to 

^^^ He muft have left Plymouth by "fpy" horfemen coming "at a great 

Thurfday night, lo Aug., or very early pace," at a diftance. 

140 



ir- ] 

And not feeing nor hearing of any of the Enemy, they 
went over the Ferry to Rkode-I/Iand, to refrefli them- 
felves. The Captain with about half a dozen in his com- 
pany took Horfe & rid about eight Miles down the IJIand, 
to Mr. Sanfords"'^^ where he had left his Wife; who no 



296 See note 245, aiitc. Since that 
was in type, I have gained fome ad- 
ditional fadts, which may be fet down 
here. 

Maj. Sanford lived about half a mile 
fouth of (the prefent) Portfmouth line, 
in what is now Middletown (then New- 
port) ; which made his farm about 
"eight miles down the Ifland" from 
Tripp's Ferry. \^MS. letter of Mr. 
Richard Sherman.] 

In 16S2, he rendered an account, 
amounting to £103 9.V. 9^/., to Pljm- 
outh-Colonj Court, for fervices ren- 
dered the wounded men of the army, 
after the great Narraganfett Swamp 
fight. (See p. 60, &c., ante.') Some 
items of that account are of intereft 
enough to warrant its infertion here, as 
cafting light upon that portion of the 
war. [I copy from Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 
1 18-120, fupplying conje6turally fome 
miffing words, and condenfing fome 
items.] 

" Peleg Sanford, Efq. his Account, 
appointed to be recorded, at June Court, 
16S2. 

" Rhode-IOand, anno 1675. Gen. Jo- 

fiah WinOow's Debit^ 

s, s. d. 

" To treatment of 28 wound- 
ed men fr. — Dec. vntell 
y" 25"' day 4 04 o 



£ ». d. 
■ To Almy for 244 lbs. of 

mutton 3 01 o 

• To Almy, 10 yds. duftles 

for wounded .... 3 00 o 
'To Almy, 2^ cord of wood 

for do I GO o 

'To firkin of butter — 66 

lbs. at 6d pr. lb. (firkin 

i8d) I 14 6 

' To 45 1 i lbs. mutton deliv- 
ered at the houfe of Mr. 

Brinton & Rob'. Carr for 

tenders of wounded men 5 129 
'To 12 lb. candles «&; 10 lb. 

butter, to do houfes, . . o 12 10 
' To 6 bulhels Ind. Corn, 

to do, I 04 o 

' To 2 gall, mallaffas to do, o 05 o 
'To 102 lb. fait beefe & 7 

lb. porke to do . . . . i 07 6 
' To i6-i cords wood, at 8.';, 

& 4 load of wood . . . 7 i6 o 
' To 3 qts rum to Lowell . o 03 9 
'To 15 lbs. flax, with 6 lb 

fent to the garifon 
' To Capt. Green, for bear 

for the wounded ... o 02 6 
' To calh for buriall of Link- 
horn, Harrifs, Sumerf- 

bury, and one more . . i 10 o 
' To 74 lb. fugar among 

wounded i 17 o 



141 



[43 ] 

fooner faw him but [43] fainted with the furprize; and by 
that time fhe was a little revived, they fpy'd two Horfe- 
men coming a great pace. Capt. Church told his com- 
pany that thofe men (by their riding) came with Tydings. 
When they came up they prov'd to be Maj. Sanford and 
Capt. Golding :'^'^ who immediately ask'd Capt. Churchy 
What he would give to hear fome News of Philip? He 
reply'd, That was what he wanted. They told him, They 



" To 28I gall, rum to Dodlor 

for wounded 7 03 li 

"To 2 fat Iheep to Doft. 

Hawkins for wounded 

that went in j" veflell 

with him o iS o 

" To 8 yds duffles to Serg«. 

Witherly, Jains Bell & 

other Tanton men, y* 

came wounded to my 

houfe Dec. 24 . . . . 2 o8 o 
" To cafh to J. Bell to bear 

his charges home . . . o 04 o 
" To Serg'. Witherell, Jaiiis 

Bell & White for diatt, 

lodg'g & attendance, 2 

one month & i three 

weeks, at 85. per week . 4 oS o 
"To Left. Sauage, Doft. 

Cuttler, & their men 

&c. &c 15 03 o 

"To Doa. Hawkins diet 

&c about a month ...1120 
" To Lieut. Vpham, fr. 24 

Dec. to 14 March, «& 

his kinfman for diet &c. 

at 8s each, his fifter alfo 

a conliderable p' of y" 

time 



" To do. Vpham \h. gall. 

rum, & 15 lb. mutton 

when he went away . . o 11 3 
" To eftate W" Brenton for 

hire of room fr. 24 Dec. 

to 17 0(5l. 1676, y' day 

that Serjafi Witherell 

went out of it, at £5 pr 

year 4 01 7.^ 

" To do. Witherly for fun- 

dryes, as p. his acct . . 3 12 11 
" To damage fuftained in 

my beding and other 

houfehold ftuffe, with 

things pcloined by in- 
comers, which here 

charge £20, att prefent, 

for thought the damage 

be far more 20 00 o 



9 02 



£103 9 9 

" Dated in New Port, on Rhode 
Ifland, y" 26"' day Jan. 167?." 

[There were credits given, amounting 
to £22 9s. od. The balance of the fhare 
of Plymouth in the account was then 
paid.] 

"■^'^ See note 93, ante. 



142 



[43 ] 

had rid /lai'd with fomc hopes of overtaking of him^ and 
were now come on purpofe to inform him, That there luas 
juflnow Tydings fro7n Mount-hope; An Indian came down 
from thence {where Philips Camp now was) on to Sand- 
point^^ over agaijifl Trips,^^ a7id hollow' d, and madefigns 
to be fetched over ; and being fetched over, he reported. That 
he was fled from PhiHp, who (laid he) has kiWd my Brother 
jnjl before I came away, for giving fome advice that dif- 
pleafed himF^ And faid, he was fled for fear of meeting 
luith the fame his Brother had met with. Told them alfo, 
That Philip was now in Mount-hope Neck. Capt. Church 
thank'd them for their good News, and faid, he hop'd by 
to Morrow Morning to have the Rogues head. The 
Horfes that he and his company came on Handing at the 
door, (for they had not been unfaddled) his Wife mufl 
content her felf with a fhort vifit, when fuch game was 
a-head; they immediately Mounted, fet Spurs to their 
Horfes, and away. The two Gentlemen that bro't him 
the Tydings, told him. They would gladly wait upon him to 

298 Sandy Point is on the Briftol fide years. [/?.-/. Col. Rec. iii : 535 ; MS. 
of Briftol Ferry, near where the light- letter of Mr. Richard Sherman.] 
houfe now ftands. \_MS. letter of Mr. »^ " He caufed one of his Confeder- 
Richard Sherman.] ates to be killed for propounding an 

299 Tripfs was the name then, or foon expedient of peace." [Hubbard's Nar- 
after (long before Church dictated, at rative, 103.] Increafe Mather fays, 
leaft), current for Briftol Ferry, which " One of PhiUfs men (being difgufted 
was run by Abial Tripp, who lived on with him for killing an Indian who 
the Portfmouth fide, and who, with had propounded an expedient for peace 
John Burden, received the formal right with the Englijh) ran away from him, 
to the " ferry privilege " for feven years, and coming to Road-Illand, informed 
2 Aug., 1698, which was renewed, 19 that Philip was now returned again to 
June, 1705, "as formerly," for feven Mount-Hope, kc" IBricf IIiJlory,^(>.'\ 

143 



[43 ] 

fee the event of this Expedition. He thank'd them, and told 
them, he fhould be as fond of their company as any Mens; 
and (in fliort) they went with him. And they were foon 
as Trips Ferry (with Capt Churches company) where 
the deferter was; who was a fellow of good fenfe, and 
told his ftory handfomely: he offered Capt. Church to 
Pilot him to Philip., and to help to kill him, that he might 
revenge his Brothers death. Told him, That Philip was 
now upon a little fpot of Upland that was in the South 
end of the miery Swamp juft at the foot of the Mount,^^^ 
which was a fpot of ground that Capt. Church was well 
acquainted with. By that time^°^ they were got over the 
Ferry, and came near the ground half the Night was 
fpent, the Capt. commands a halt, and bringing the com- 
pany together, he asked Maj Sanford & Capt. Goldings 
advice, what method was beft to take in making the on- 
fet, but they declining giving any advice, telling him, 
That his great Experience & Succefs forbid their taking 
upon them to give advice. Then Capt. Chiirch offered 
Capt. Goldijig, that he fhould have the honour (if he 
would pleafe accept of it) to beat up Philips headquarters. 
He accepted the offer and had his alotted number drawn 
out to him, and the Pilot. Capt. Churches inftructions to 
him were to be very careful in his approach to the Enemy, 
and be fure not to fliew himfelf until by day light they 

301 " Philip was furprifed and killed ^""^ The diftance of the fwamp in 

by Col. Church at a little knoll on the which Philip was concealed was not 
fouth-weft fide, at the foot of Mount much more than two miles from the 
Hope." [Feflenden's Harrew, /?.-/., 40.] landing of the ferry on the Briftol fide. 

144 



[44 ] 

might fee and difcern their own men from the Enemy. 
Told him alfo, That his cuftom in the like cafes was to 
creep with his company on their bellies, until they came 
as near as they could; and that as foon as the Enemy dif- 
covered them they would cry out; and that was the word 
[44] for his Men to fire and fall on. Direded him when 
the Enemy fhould ftart and take into the Swamp,^'^ they 
fhould purfue with fpeed, every man fhouting and making 
what noife they could; for he would give orders to his 
Ambufcade to fire on any that fhould come filently. Capt. 
Church knowing it was Philips cuflom to be fore-mofl in 
the flight, went down to the Swamp and gave Capt. Wil- 
liams of Siluate^^ the command of the right wing of the 
Ambufh, and placed an EngliJIi-man and an Indian to- 
gether behind fuch fhelters of Trees, &€. that he could 
find, and took care to place them at fuch diftance as none 
might pafs undifcovered between them, charg'd 'em to be 
careful of themfelves, and of hurting their friends: And to 
fire at any that fliould come filently thro' the Swamp: 
But it being fome-what further thro' the Swamp than he 

8^3 Philip was on an upland ifland in feruill worke " on the Sabbath ; had 

the midft of the fwamp; of courfe when various controverfies and lawfuits, and 

alarmed he would run into the fwamp died 22 June, 1694, aged 70, leaving 

in the endeavor to efcape through it, — one of the largeft eftates at that time 

their habitual courfe on fuch occafions. exifting in the country ; his farm having 

80* John Williams (oldeft child of been laid to be the belt in the Old Col- 
John, of Scituate) bore arms in 1643, ony. He appears never to have niar- 
and was a houfeholder in 1647; was ried. [Deane's Scituate, 385; Sav- 
Captain in Philip's war; was Deputy age's Gen. Did. iv : 562; Plym. Col. 
from Scituate, in 1676, 1681, and 1691 ; Rec. v: 99, 214; vi : 24, 61, 173, 174, 
was fined 40s. i July, 1672, for " doing 198, 202, 259.] 
19 145 



[44 ] 

was aware of, he wanted men to make up his Ambufcade; 
having placed what men he had, he took Maj. Sajiford by 
the hand, faid. Sir, I have fo placed them that Uis fcarce 
pojjible Philip JJtould efcape them. The fame moment a 
Shot whiftled over their heads, and then the noife of a Gun 
towards Philips camp. Capt. Church at firft tho't it might 
be fome Gun fired by accident: but before he could fpeak, 
a whole Volley followed, which was earlier than he ex- 
pe6led. One of Philips gang going forth to eafe himfelf, 
when he had done, look'd round him, & Capt. Golding 
thought the Indian looked right at him (tho' probably 
'twas but his conceit) fo fired at him, and upon his firing, 
the whole company that were with him fired upon the 
Enemies fhelter, before the Indians had time to rife from 
their fleep, and fo over-fhot them. But their flielter was 
open on that fide next the Swamp, built fo on purpofe for 
the convenience of flight on occafion.'^^ They were foon 
in the Swamp and Philip the foremofl;, who ftarting at the 
firft Gun threw his Petunk^^ and Powder-horn over his 

s'J5 A kind oi /Jied wigw'am, in the fajs (under the head of Ndkekick, i.e., 

New-England fenfe of that adjective, "parched meal"), "I have travelled 

with the open fide toward the fwamp. with neere 200 of them at once, neere 

^^ Petunk, literally, " that into which 100 miles through the woods, every 

fomething is put," i. e., the pouch, or man carrying a liiile Bajhet of this at 

haverfack, which the Indian always his back, and fometimes in a hollow 

carried by way of pocket. Eliot ules Leather Girdle about his middle, fuffi- 

the word (in i Sam. xvii : 40,) for Da- cient for a man for three or four dales, 

vid's " fcrip " ; and for " purfe " (in Z,«^e With this readie provifion, and their 

xxii : 35), and uniformly tranflates Boxv a.x\A Arrotves [this vi&s printed in 

"quiver" hy petan, a word of nearly 1643, before the Indians had acquired 

the fame fignification. Roger Wil- the ufe of fire-arms], are they ready for 

liams [Key R.-I. Hiji. Coll. i : 33] War, and travell at an houres warning. 



[44] 



head, catch'd up his Gun, and ran as faft as he could 
fcamper, without any more clothes than his fmall breeches 
and ftockings, and ran dire6tly upon two of Capt. 
Churches Ambufh; they let him come fair within fhot, and 
the EngliJJt mans®^" Gun miffing fire,^"^^ he bid the In- 
dian ^ fire away, and he did fo to purpofe, fent one Musket 



With a fpoo7ifull of this nieale and a 
fpoonfull of water from the Brooke., 
have I made many a good dinner and 
fupper." [Compare Schoolcraft's In- 
formation rcfpcd. hid. Tribes, i : 80.] 

»'■? Baylies [//{/?• Metn. New Plym. 
iii: 168] fays that this Englilhman's 
name was Francis Cook. But the 
Mafs. Hirtorical Colleaions [2d Scries 
iv: 63] for 1816, (14 years before Efq. 
Baylies publilhed), contain a note from 
John Lothrop, affirming that the name 
of this foldier of Church was Caleb 
Cook. The latter Chriftian name is 
fupported by the faft, that the Colony 
Records fliow the exiftence, in 1676, of 
a Caleb Cook, then aged 25; while 
Francis, who came in the Mayflower, 
had been dead 13 years ; his grandfon 
Francis, born 5 Jan., 1663, died at lefs 
than t\vo years of age ; and no other 
Francis appears. 

Caleb Cook was oldeft fon of Jacob 
(youngeft fon of Mayflovjer Francis) 
and Damaris, daughter of Stephen 
Hopkins, and was born 29 Mar., 1651 ; 
he ferved on a coroner's jury at Ply- 
mouth, 20 0(ft., 1675, in the cafe of 
John Fallowell; is down for a fine of 
£1 I05., 12 June, 1685; and ferved on a 
trial jury in the July Court of 1686. 
He had a great grandfon, Silvanus, of 
Kingfton, Mafs., who held in his pof 



feffion the gun with which the Indian 
fhot King Philip (which, according to 
family tradition. Cook exchanged with 
him for his own), and who gave the 
lock to one of the Lothrops, from whom 
John Lothrop gave it to the Cabinet of 
the Mafs. Hiftorical Society, where it 
ftill is. Many years after, the barrel 
was prefented by John Cook, of Kingf- 
ton, to the Cabinet of the Pilgrim So- 
ciety in Plymouth, in which cuftody it 
remains. [Savage's Gen. Did. i: 446; 
Plym. Col. Rcc. v : 182 ; vi : 196 ; viii : 
165 ; Ruffell's Pilgrim Mem. 105.] 

3J8 Hubbard adds that " the morning 
being wet and rainy, " — which Church's 
fubfequent ftatement about the fun and 
the dew does not confirm, — " the En- 
glilh man's gun would not fire, the In- 
dian having an old Musket with a large 
touch-hole, it took fire the more read- 
ily." [Narralivc, 105.] 

309 Church's teftimony is conclufive 
as to the identity of this Indian with 
that one known as Alderman among 
the colonifts; and both Hubbard and 
Mather affert the fame. I doubt, how- 
ever, the truth of the common averment 
that Alderman was the Indian whofe 
brother Philip had killed, and who 
guided Church's party to the fwamp. 
Neither Church, Hubbard, nor Mather 
fay that, — however, on a cafual reading, 

147 



[44 ] 



Bullet thro' his heart, and another not above two inches 
from it; he fell upon his face in the Mud & Water with 
his Gun under him. By this time the Enemy perceived 
they were way laid on the eaft fide of the Swamps tack'd 
fhort about. One of the Enemy who feem'd to be a great 
furly old fellow, hollow'd with a loud voice, & often called 
out, iootajlt^ iootafJi^^^ Capt. Church called to his Indian 



the latter two might appear to fay it. 
A careful examination of their words 
Ihows that they only aflert that Philip 
was flain by one of his own race, who 
had kept himfelf neutral until now; 
and fpeak of his killer as an Indian, 
rather than the Indian, to whom they 
had before referred. It feems to me 
more natural if Aldermati had been his 
informant and guide, that Church 
ftiould have mentioned the remarkable 
fadl distindlly, when defcribing his 
agency in the death of the chieftain. 
Hutchinfon appears to be refponfible 
for the firft ftatement abfolutely identi- 
fying the pilot with the flayer; faying 
[^Hiji. Mafs. i : 277], " One of his own 
men, whom he had offended, and who 
had deferted to the Engliili, Ihot him 
through the heart," which he might 
eafily bafe, by a mifapprehenfion, upon 
Hubbard and Mather. Trumbull {^Hijl. 
Conn, i : 349] repeats (probably from 
Hutchinfon) the ftatement: "The In- 
dian who had been guide to the party, 
Ihot him through the heart." Drake, 
Thatcher, Fowler, Arnold, and others 
have followed Trumbull. Jones's letter 
to Gov. Leet, publiftied by Mr. Trumbull 
\^Col. Rec. Conn, ii : 470], is probably 
the frelbeft document bearing on the 



queftion ; and his language naturally 
implies a diftinAion in his mind be- 
tween the guide and the killer. 

Hubbard \_JVarrativc, 106] {ays Aldcr- 
7nan was "of Sakonet." But Mather 
[Brief Hijl. 47] with more particular- 
ity adds, "the Indian who thus killed 
Philip., did formerly belong to the 
Squaw-Sachim of Pocajfet ( Weeta- 
moe), being known by the name of 
Aldcrma7t. In the beginning of the 
war, he came to the Governor of Ply- 
mouthy manifefting his defire to be at 
peace with the Englijk., and immedi- 
ately withdrew to an Illand, not having 
engaged againft the EngU/fi nor for 
them, before this time." I find no con- 
firmation of this ftatement on the Court 
Records. 

^^^ lootajh is a verb in the impera- 
tive, 2d perfon, fingular, and means 
"Fight!" Eliot would have written 
Aycuteajh. He has Ayeuteah, for the 
plural " fight ye," (in i Sam. iv : 9.) 
Roger Williams fpells this laft \_Key, 
chap, xxix] " Juhetteke, Fight, which 
is their word of incouragement which 
they ufe when they animate each other 
in warre ; for they ufe their tongues in 
ftead of drummes and trumpets." [/?•- 
/. Hiji. Coll. i : 14S.] 



14S 



[45 ] 



Peter^^ and ask'd him, WJio that was that called fo? He 
anfwered, It was old Annozuo7i Philips great Captain,^^^ call- 
ing on his Souldiers to Hand to it and fight floutly. Now 
the Enemy finding that place of the Swamp which was not 
Ambufli'd, many of them made their efcape in the EngliJJi 
Tracks.^^^ The Man that had fhot down Philip, ran with all 
fpeed to Capt Church, and informed him of his exploit, who 
commanded him to be Silent about it, & let no man more 
know it, until they had drove the Swamp [45] clean; but 
w^hen they had drove the Swamp thro' & found the Enemy 
had efcaped, or at leafb the moft of them; and the Sun 



^11 Probably Peter ^ fon oi Axva/kotiks. 
[See note 12, ante, and p. 87.] 

*^ Aftfiawou (^Afinoivan, Anozvofi) 
was one of Maffalbit's chiefs, and fo 
one of Philip's oldeft braves. The only 
record which I find of him, previous to 
his connexion with this war, is his ap- 
pearance as a witnefs, in 1672, to two 
fales of land by Philip to William 
Brenton and others. His capture and 
fate will foon be referred to. [Drake's 
Book of hid. 200.] 

His name fuggefts a probable deriva- 
tion from Natiaivujinum, " he rules" or 
"has authority" (Eliot), or the verbal 
Nana7iu-vaen, " a ruler," " an overfeer." 
Roger Williams has Naundtnvheant, 
"a nurfe" or "keeper." [/?.-/. Hijl. 
Coll. i : 52.] The primary fignification 
of the verb is " to keep with care," " to 
take care of." 

313 Hubbard fays Philip had " a few 
of his beft friends" with him; and that 
"5 of his truftieft followers — of whom 
one was faid to be the Son of his chief 



Captain, that had fhot the firft gun at the 
Englilb the year before" — were killed. 
Mather fays that " he, with 7 of his 
men," were in this fvvamp and that "5 
of his men were killed with him, — one 
of which was his chief Captain's Son, 
being (as the Indians teftifie) that very 
Indian who fhot the firft gun at the En- 
^///^ when the War began." Wm. Jones 
fays, — writing a fortnight after, from 
New Haven, and repeating the tefli- 
mony to him of " one James Shore, 
come in this week to Fairfield, in a vef- 
fell from Rhod Ifeland," — " Philip in 
labouring to efcape was fhot at ifl by 
y« Englifh, but miffed, and then Ihot 
downe by an Indian. All y* reft, but 
one more killd and one or two wound- 
ed, efcaping." Church's own language 
would feem to imply that there were 
more than feven men with Philip; that 
more than one befides Philip was 
ftopped; and that many of them got 
away. {Narrative, 103; Brief Hifl. 
47; Col. Rcc. Conn, ii : 471.] 



149 



[45 ] 



now up, and fo the dew gone, that they could not fo eafily 
Track them, the whole Company met together at the 
place where the Enemies Night Ihelter was; and then 
Capt. Church gave them the news of Philips death ; upon 
which the whole Army gave Three loud H^izzah. Capt 
Church ordered his body to be pull'd out of the mire on to 
the Upland, fo fome of Capt. Churches Indians took hold 
of him by his Stockings, and fome by his fmall Breeches, 
(being otherwife naked) and drew him thro' the Mud 
unto the Upland, and a doleful, great, naked, dirty beaft, 
he look'd like.^^'* Capt. Church then faid. That for af much 
as he had caufed many an Englifh-mans body to lye unburied 
and rot above ground^ that not one of his bones fJiotild be 
buried. And calling his old Indian Executioner, bid him 
behead and quarter him.^^^ Accordingly, he came with 



^1* This is the plain profe comment 
of an obferver upon the fadls as thej 
appeared to him. Dr. Palfrey has well 
referred to it, in his very juft remarks 
on the poetic exaggeration with which 
moft of our later literature has dealt 
with Philip. {_HiJl. N. E. iii : 223.] 

^15 The idea in New England at that 
time feems to have been that Philip 
was a rebel againft King Charles 2d, 
and, as fuch, deferved the State punilh- 
ment of treafon, which, in England, 
until the 30th year of George 3d, was 
I. To be drawn (latterly, on a hurdle, 
fo as to avoid the extreme torment of 
being dragged over the ground) to the 
gallows ; 2. To be hanged by the neck, 
and cut down alive ; 3. To have the 
entrails cut out and burned, while the 



fufFerer ftill lived ; 4. To be beheaded ; 
5. That the body be cut into four quar- 
ters ; 6. That the head and quarters be 
at the king's difpofal. [4, Blackjione's 
Comni. 92.] Church's a<5lion, in the 
light of the public fentiment of that 
day, was far from indicating an inhu- 
man revenge, or a cruel difpofition. It 
could fcarcely be expelled that thefe 
remote and backwoods colonies were 
to go beyond the mother country in 
refinement. And it was not yet 17 
years fince Parliament had voted the 
di/iHtcrment of Cromwell, Ireton, and 
Bradlliaw, and their decaying remains 
had been hanged at Tyburn, and their 
heads ftuck on poles on the top of 
Weftminfter Hall fronting Palace Yard ; 
while nearly 20 years later than Philip's 



150 



[ 45 ] 

his Hatchet and flood over him, but before he flriick he 
made a fmall Speech dire6ling it to Philip'^ and faid, He 
had been a very great Alan, and had made many a man 
afraid of him, but fo big as he was he would now chop his 
Afs for him ; and fo went to work, and did as he was 
ordered. Philip having one very remarkable hand being 
much fcarr'd, occafioned by the fplitting of a Piftol in it 
formerly. Capt. Church gave the head and that hand^^*^ to 



death, Evelyn entered in his Diary (lo 
April, 1696), "The quarters of Sir Wil- 
liam Perkins and Sir John Friend, 
lately executed on the plot, with Per- 
kins's head, were fet up at Temple-Bar; 
a difmal fight." Indeed, Walpole wrote 
to Montague, 16 Aug., 1746, " paffed 
under the new heads at Temple Bar, 
where people make a trade of letting 
fpying-glafles at a halfpenny a look"; 
and it is on record that Goldfmith 
joked Johnfon in regard to fimilar 
adornments of that ftrudlure; and, as 
late as i April, 1772, a news-writer fet 
down: " yefterday one of the rebels' 
heads on Temple Bar fell down. There 
is only one head now remaining." 
Thefe facfts ftiould have proteAed our 
fathers from Peter Oliver's malignant 
fneer about " orthodox vengeance." 
[See Diary of Sam. Pcpys, ed. 1856, 
i : 129, 152 ; Diary of John Evelyn, ed. 
1857, ii : 340; Cunningham's Hand 
Book of London, 437, 542; Puritan 
Commotnvealtk, I45-] 

316 Increafe Mather [Brief Hifl. 47] 
fays, "his head being cut off and car- 
ried away to Plymouth, his Hands were 
brought to Bofion" Cotton Mather 



\^Magnalia, ed. 1853, ii : 576] fays, 
" this Agag was now cut into quarters, 
which were then hanged up, while his 
head was carried in triumph to Ply- 
mouth." Niles \^HiJl. Ind. and Fr. 
Wars, 3 Mafs. Hifl. Coll. vi : 190] fays 
Philip " was cut into quarters, and 
hanged up in the woods, and his head 
carried to Plymouth." The ftory, car- 
ried from this country to London by 
the mafter of a veffel foon failing from 
Rhode-Ifland [Abbott's Wars of the 
Colonies, 131], adds, " they quartered 
his body, and hung it upon four trees." 
By collating thefe we probably get all 
the fadls. 

The head was placed upon a pole at 
Plymouth, where it is faid to have 
remained expofed for more than 24 
years [Felt's Eccles. Hifl. N. E. ii : 
638 ; Thacher's Plymouth, 389] ; at any 
rate Cotton Mather faid, in his Magna- 
lia (firft publiflied in 1702, 26 years 
after), " it was not long before the hand 
which now writes, upon a certain occa- 
fion took off the jaw from the expofed 
IkuU of that blafphemous leviathan." 
[ed. 1853, i : 566.] It is hardly proba- 
ble that there is any truth in the tradi- 



151 



[45 ] 

Alderman^ the Indian who fhot him, to fhow to fuch Gen- 
tlemen as would beflow gratuities upon him; and accord- 
ingly he got many a Peny by it. This being on the lafl 
day of the Week,^^' the Captain with his Company returned 
to the Ifland, tarryed there until Tuefday; and then went 
off and ranged thro' all the Woods to Plymoutk,^^^ and 
received their Prcemium^ which was Thirty Skilliftgs per 
head, for the Enemies which they had killed or taken, 
inflead of all Wages; and Philips head went at the fame 
price.^^^ Methinks it's fcanty reward, and poor incourage- 



tion mentioned by Dr. Fobes in his 
defcription of Rajnham [i Mafs. Hijl. 
Coll. iii : 171], that Philip's head was 
" depofited for a confiderable time " in 
the cellar under the " Leonard houfe " 
in that town. 

^1'^ Saturday, 12 Auguft, 1676. 

818 Leaving Rhode-Ifland on Tuefday, 
the 15th, Church and his company muft 
have "ranged thro' all the woods" two 
days before reaching Plymouth ; for 
the Mathers and Niles agree that the 
head reached Plymouth on Thurfday, 
the 17th, which had been fet apart 
as a day of Thankfgiving for fuccefles 
againft the Indians, perhaps before they 
had heard of Philip's death. {,Brief 
HiJl. 47; Magnalia, ed. 1853, " • 576; 
3 Mafs. Hijl. Coll. vi : 190.] 

^13 AlTuming Hubbard and Mather's 
ftatement to be true, that 5 befides Phil- 
ip were killed, and that there were no 
prifoners taken, — no mention being 
made of any, — the fum total of receipts 
for divifion would be £9. This, at 45. 
6^. a piece, — which Church fays was 



each one's fhare, — would make the 
number of the party exactly 40. At 45. 
(yd. each, their week's work would av- 
erage a little lefs than ^d. T,qrs. per day, 
befides the honor! Hoyt, ftrangely 
confufing this with one day of the 
Bridgewater expedition, fays, " 130 
were killed and captured." [^Antiqua- 
rian Rejearckcs, 140.] This would 
have fwelled their compenfation to an 
aggregate of £195! 

It may here be added, that there is, in 
the Cabinet of the Maffachufetts Hif- 
torical Society, a wooden dilb, which 
is traditionally reprefented to have been 
a trophy of this expedition, and which 
was authenticated to the Society by the 
following receipt [Proceedings Mafs. 
Hiji. Sac. 1863-4, 267.] : " Plymouth 
Sep. 14, 1803, Rec*. of Ifaac Lothrop 
Eight Dollars, in full for a wooden bowle, 
formerly belonging to that illuftrious 
Soldier known by the name of King 
Philip, fon of the celebrated indian 
Sachem, Maffafoiet, and was a portion 
of the trophy affigned to Eleazer Rich- 



152 



[ 45 ] 

ment; tho' it was better than what had been fome time 
before. For this March they received Fotir Shillings and 
Six Pence a Man, which was all the Reward they had, 
except the honour of killing PJiilip. This was in the 
latter end oi Augtijl, 1676^^ 

Capt. Church had been but a little while at Plymouth^ 
before a Poft from Rehoboth came to inform the Govern- 
ment, that old Annawon, Philips chief Captain was with 
his company ranging about their Woods, & was very 
offenfive & pernicious to Rehoboth & Swanfey?^ Capt. 
Church was immediately fent for again, & treated with to 
ingage one Expedition more; he told them. Their incour- 
agement was fa poor he feared his Souldiers would be dull 
about going again : But being a hearty friend to the caufe, 
he Rally's again, goes -to Mr. JabeJJt Howland his old 
Lieutenant,^ and fome of his Souldiers, that us'd to go 
out with him; told them how the cafe was circumftanced, 
and that he had intelligence of old Annawons walk, & 
haunt, and wanted hands to hunt him; they did not want 



ard, Great Grandfather of the Subfcrib- Eleazer Richard (or Richards or Rich- 
er, who made one of the party, that ardfon) as then living in New England ; 
terminated the exiftence of the once nor any evidence that any perfon of 
princely proprietor. that furname ferved under Church in 

" Eleazer + Richard." this campaign. 

m«i. 320 Church fpeaks here even more 

Church's narrative furniihes no evi- vaguely than he was apt to do, of the 

dence, either way, in regard to the gen- time of events. 

uinenefs of this relic. I find, however, «^i " By their Hiooting at the EngUlh 

no trace, either in Savage's fertile pages, Horfes, and other cattle." [Hubbard s 

or the Colony Records of Plymouth, Narrative, 107.] 

Maffachufetts, or Rhode-Illand, of any ^22 See note 207, anie. 
20 153 



[46 ] 

much intreating; but told him, They would go with him,, 
as long as there ivas an Indian left in the Woods. He 
moved ^"^ & ranged thro' the Woods [46] to Pocajfet. It 
being the latter end of the Week, he propofed to go on to 
Rhode-IJland and reft until Monday. But early on the 
Lords day Morning,^^^ there came a Poft to inform the Cap- 



823 He muft have left Plymouth about 
Wednefday or Thurfday (6th or 7th 
September), 1676 ? Hubbard fays he 
had with him " but 5 Englifhmen and 
20 Indians." \^Narrative, 107.] 

3^* The queftion of the date of this 
expedition is one of the moft perplexing 
ones in the hiftory of the time ; ftrange- 
ly enough, fo far as I can learn, no 
record of it, or of any circumftance 
which would exadlly identify it, having 
a place in any of the early hiftories or 
cotemporaneous records. Mr. Drake, 
in his fecond edition of this narrative 
(1827, p. 142), is the firft to attempt to 
fettle it. He does fo on the ftrength of 
the facil that Annawon was taken on a 
Monday night, when the moon was 
Ihining, " not long after dark." He 
ftates that the moon was at the full in 
1676, on Saturday, the 26 Auguft, 
whence he infers that Monday, 28 Au- 
guft, was the date of the capture (fee 
alfo note to Mr, Drake's ed., Mather's 
Brief Htjiory, 1862, p. i8o), which 
would throw back the date of the ftart- 
ing of the expedition from Plymouth 
to Wednefday or Thurfday, the 23d or 
24th. Dr. Palfrey {HiJI. N. E. iii : 
206] adopts this as the true date, and 
Arnold \_IIiJf. R.-I. i: 417] fpeaks 
vaguely of Annawon's capture as " a 



few nights after the death of Philip." 
But John Fofter's Almanac for 1676 
gives the full moon of Auguft of that 
year as being on " the 13"' day, at 26m. 
paft 6 in the morn " ; while Sherman's 
Almanac for the fame year, ftates it as 
on the " 13"' daj', at 25m. paft 6 in the 
morn." This was the Sabbath, the next 
day after the day of the death of Philip. 
Church (fee p. 152, ante) fays he ftaid 
at Rhode - Ifland until Tuefday, the 
15th, and then " ranged thro' all the 
woods to Plymouth," which he could 
fcarcely have i-eached before Friday or 
Saturday, the iSth or 19th. Then he 
was " a little while at Plymouth," a 
phrafe which might cover two or three 
weeks, while it would fcarcely ' have 
been ufed for a lefs time than 07te week 
(which leffer time he would more likely 
have ftyled "a few days"), before the 
" poft from Rehoboth " came with news 
of Annawon, and he was " fent for " 
and " treated with " for " one expedi- 
tion more " ; and began to gather fol- 
diers to go out again. From all this, 
it feems very clear that the Auguft 
moon inuft have difappeared long be- 
fore he could have been ready to ftart 
on this exjiedition. If this were fo, we 
are thrown over into September for 
the true date of this expedition ; and 



154 



[46 ] 



tain, That early the fame Morning a Canoo with fevcral 
Indians in it paffed from Prudence IJland^'^ to PoppafijiiaJJi 



the probabilities of the cafe would feem 
to fix the capture of Annawon as being 
on the firft Monday evening of Septem- 
ber, on which the moon was Ihining a 
few hours after dark. Fofter gives the 
full moon for September, 1676, as on 
"the II day, 54 m. paft 6, p.m.," and 
Sherman gives it as on "the 11 day, 
55 m. paft 6 at night." This was on 
Monday evening, four weeks and two 
days after the death of Philip. On the 
previous Monday evening (4 Sept.), 
the moon (then juft in her firft quarter) 
muft have fet from one to two hours 
before midnight, and, in the denfe for- 
efts furrounding Squannaconk Swamp, 
her (then) feeble light muft have ceafed 
to be available for much help to vifion 
at leaft an hour before her fetting; fo 
that (there) it would be hardly fafe to 
prefume on feeing by moonlight on the 
evening of 4 Sept., much later than 9P.M. 
But it was " pretty dark " before Church 
arrived ; then followed the capture, the 
parley with all the companies, the prep- 
aration for the fupper, the fupper, and 
the mefl"age to the outlying Indians, 
and the return of the meflengers ; then 
Church laid down with the intention 
of fleeping two hours, laid a little while 
and grew wakeful, and roufed to look 
after his guard, then lay looking at the 
equally wakeful Annawon, "perhaps an 
hour"; then Annawon got up and re- 
tired into the thick woods "out of fight 
and hearing," and was gone a long 
time; "at length" Church heard him 
coming back, and tkcn., " the moon 



now fliining bright," he faw him com- 
ing with fometliing in his hands, &c. 
All this detail of delays makes it almoft 
certain that the hour of Annawon's 
converfe with Church muft have been 
well on toward midnight, at leaft; fo 
that it is impoflible that the date could 
have been that of 4 Sept. Befides, 
Church's expreffion, "the moon Ihining 
byight" is moft confonant with the 
full moon ; fo that I am led to con- 
clude that the true date of this capture 
is that of the Monday of the September 
full moon, viz., 11 Sept., 1676. 

It is worthy of notice in this connec- 
tion, that Hubbard \_Narrativc, 106] 
expreffly fays that Church took TiJ'pa- 
quitt " in September," yet places his 
capture before that o^ Annawon , faying, 
" the next that was feized after the 
former (ie., Tifpaquhi) was one called 
Annatvon, &c." Church himfelf, in 
this narrative (fee p. 175), inverts this 
order; but I am ftrongly inclined to 
believe that Hubbard was right, and 
that, if Church had fat down to the 
work of his annals at an earlier date, 
and before the freftinefs of his memory 
had faded, he would fo have arranged 
them. 

3^5 Prudence is the ifland in Narra- 
ganfett Bay, fome 7 or 8 miles in length, 
of irregular fliape, lying weft of the 
northern part of Rhode-Illand, and, in 
its fouthern half, feparated from it by 
a channel averaging perhaps a mile 
and a half in width. Its Indian name 
was C/iibactiwcfei [^Cltippacurfctt), 

155 



[ 46 ] 

Neck.^^ Capt. Church tho't if he could poffibly furprize 
them, he might probably gain fome intelligence of more 
game; therefore he made all poffible fpeed after them: 
the Ferry-boat ^^^ being out of the way, he made ufe of 



Canonicus, in 1634, gave it to John 
Oldham, if he would fettle on it ; which 
he did not. In 1637, Roger Williams 
and John Winthrop purchafed it, and 
Williams gave it its prefent name. 
[Winthrop's Journal i : 147 ; Letter 
of Williams, 3 Mafs. Hiji. Coll. i : 165 ; 
Arnold's HiJl. R.-I. i : 105.] 

326 Poppafquajk {PapoofquaJIi, Pa- 
fajquajh, Pafpafqud) Neck is a thumb- 
like promontory, perhaps 2^ miles in 
length by an average of | in breadth, 
projecting from the weftern fide of the 
town of Briftol into the bay. Plymouth 
Court, I June 1669, granted 100 acres of 
it " to Mr. John Gorum, if it can be 
purchafed of the Indians"; and 5 July, 
1669, granted the remainder to the 
*'towne of Swanfey, for the promoting 
of a way of trade in this collonie." 
I July, 1672, "Mr. Conftant South- 
worth, Mr. James Browne, and Mr. 
John Gorum are appointed by the 
Court, to purchafe a certaine p'fell of 
land of the Indians, granted by the 
Court to the faid John Gorum, lying 
att Papafquafh neck." 13 July, 1677, 
the Court " rattified, eftablillied, fettled, 
and confirmed the aforefaid 100 acres 
of land " to John Gorum's heirs and 
fucceflbrs for ever. It feems foon after 
to have paffed to Nathaniel Byfield, 
who is faid to have occupied nearly 
the whole of it as his farm for over 40 
years, until his removal to Bofton in 



1724. \Plym. Col. Rec. v : 20, 24, 95, 
241 ; Shepard's HiJi. Dis. Briftol., R.- 
L, 49.] 

As to the name, Mr. Trumbull fays, 
" This name was alfo given to a tra<5l 
of land now in Voluntown, Conn., in a 
grant of 16S1, as PaupafquacJmhe ; the 
uke reprefenting ohke i.e., " place." 
Two derivations are equally probable, 
and plaufible, ixovn. fapafkii, 'double' — 
which is applicable to the fouthern end 
of Briftol, divided by the bay, or, as it 
may be tranflated, ' oppofite to,' ' over 
againft.' Otherwife, from fohfohqulJu 
or pahpahkJJias, of Eliot ; patipockfu of 
Roger Williams, i.e., ' the partridge.' 
With the addition of ohke it would be 
' the partridge country,' or ' Partridge 
Point,' or rather ' Qiiail Point,' as we 
fhould tranflate it in Connedticut. I 
think the latter the more probable, deri- 
vation ; though I do not k/totv that a 
quail ever flew within a dozen miles of 
Poppafquafh." 

The diftance for a canoe, acrofs from 
Prudence, would not be much more 
than i^ miles, and the croffing would 
be in full view from Rhode-Ifland and 
probably not more than 3 miles diftant 
from it. 

327 The ferry to Briftol at Tripps; 
the fame \^hich he croflfed on his lafl: 
expedition after Philip. His objedl 
was to go up fome 4 miles through 
what is now the town of Briftol, and 



156 



[46] 

Canoo's: But by that time they had made two fraights, 
and had got over the Captain, and about 15 or 16 of his 
Indians, the Wind fprung up with fuch violence that Ca- 
noo's could no more pafs.^^ The Capt. feeing it was 
impoffible for any more of his Souldiers to come to him, 
he told his Indians, If they were willing to go with him, he 
would go to Poppafquafh, and fee if they cotild catch fame of 
thofe E7iei7zy Indians. They were willing to go, but were 
forry they had no EnglifJi Souldiers ;^^ fo they March'd 
thro' the thickets that they might not be difcovered, until 
they came unto the Salt Meadow, to the Northward of 
Briflol Town,^*^ that now is. Then they heard a Gun, the 
Capt. look'd about, not knowing but it might be fome of 
his own Company in the rear; fo halting till they all came 
up, he found 'twas none of his own Company that fired. 
Now tho' he had but a few Men, was minded to fend 
fome of them out on a Scout. He moved it to Capt. 
Lightfoot^^ to go with three more on a Scout; he faid he 
was willing provided the Captains man Nathanael (which 
was an Indian that they had lately taken) might be one of 
them, becaufe he was well acquainted with the Ncck,^^^ 



endeavor to furprife the Indians as they ^^ See note 23S, ante. 

fhould pafs out of Poppafquafli neck ^32 jie means here, evidently, Moiint- 

toward the main land. Hope neck, and not Poppafqualli neck. 

3^ See note 175, ante. Church himfelf with his party procced- 

829 It will appear, further on, that his ed to fearch the latter for the enemy; 

Lieutenant and Englifli foldiers fubfe- and Liglitfoot with his three compan- 

quently croffed and joined him next day. ions muft have fcoutcd otT toward what 

330 Probably thofe juft north-weft of are now Warren and Swanfey, in the 

Silver Creek. direction of Kikemuit. 

157 



[46] 

and coming lately from among them, knew how to call 
them.^ The Capt. bid him choofe his three companions, 
and go; and if they came a-crofs any of the Enemy not to 
kill them if they could poffibly take them alive; that they 
might gain intelligence concerning Annawon. The Capt. 
with the reft of his company moved but a little way further 
toward Poppa/qua/Ji, before they heard another Gun, which 
feemed to be the fame way with the other, but further off. 
But they made no halt until they came unto the narrow of 
PoppafquafJi Neck;^^ where Capt. Clmrch left three men 
more, to watch if any fhould come out of the Neck, and to 
inform the Scout when they returned which way he was 
gone. He parted the remainder of his company, half on 
one fide of the Neck, and the other with himfelf went on 
the other fide of the Neck, until they met; and meeting 
neither with Indians nor Canoo's returned big with expec- 
tations of Tydings by their Scout: But when they came 
back to the three men at the narrow of the Neck, they 
told their Captain the Scout was not returned, had heard 
nor feen any thing of them, this filfd them with tho'ts 
what lliould become of them; by that time they had fat 
down & waited an hour longer, it was very dark, and they 
defpaired of their returning to them. Some of the hidians 
told their Captain, They feared his new man Nathanael 

^^ The Indians were accuftomed to often as there was danger of its becom- 
have fome call — like a wolf's howl, a ing known to their enemies. Nathan- 
loon's cry, or fomething of that fort — «<;/, being recently captured, would know 
by which they could fignal each other what that fignal of his tribe now was. 
in the woods. This was changed as ^34 perhaps 120 rods in width. 

158 



[ 47 ] 

had met zuith Jiis old Mount-hope friends^ and was turned 
Rogue. They concluded to make [47] no fires that 
Night, (and indeed they had no great need of any) for 
they had no Vi6luals to cook, had not fo much as a morfel 
of Bread with them. They took up their lodging fcattcr- 
ing, that if poffibly their Scout fliould come in the Night, 
and whiftle (which was their fign) fome or other of them 
might hear them. They had a very folitary, hungry 
Night; and as foon as the day broke ^^ they drew off thro' 
the brufh to a hill without the Neck, and looking about 
them they efpy'd one Indian man come running fomewhat 
towards them, the Captain ordered one man to flep out of 
the brufh and fhow himfelf Upon which the Indian ran 
right to him, and who fhould it be but Capt. Lightfoot, to 
their great joy. Capt. Church ask'd him, What News ? 
He anfwered. Good News, they were all zuell and had 
catch^d Ten Indians, and that they guarded them all Night 
in 07ie of the Flankers of the old Englifh GariHfon \^ that 
their prifoners were part of Annawons company, and that 
they had left their Families in a Swamp above Mattapoifet 
Neck.^^^ And as they were Marching towards the old 
Garrifon Lightfoot gave Capt. Church a particular account 
of their Exploit, viz. That prefently after they left him, they 
heard another Gun, which fecnid to be towards the Indian 



335 Monday, ii September, 1676. 65, ante.) He muft have thought its 

33'i That on the Ihores of the Kike- ufe had been found at laft. 

muit, about which Church had been fo 33- The neck of this name (Gardner's 

exercifed the year before. (See note neck) in Swanfej. 

159 



[47 ] 

biiryhig place^'^ & moving that way, they difcovered two of 
the Enemy fleeing of an Horfe. The Scout claping into the 
brufi, Nathanael bid them ft down, and he would prefently 
call all the Indians thereabout tmto him. They hid, and he 
went a little difance back from, them and fat up his note & 
howled like a Wolf'. One of the two immediately left his 
Horfe & came running to fee who was there ; but Nathanael 
howling lower and lower drew him, in between thofe that lay 
in wait for him, who feized him, ; Nathanael continuing the 
fame note, the other left the Horfe alfo following his mate, 
& met with the fame. When they caught thefe two they ex- 
amined them apart, and fotmd them to agree in their Story, 
that there were Eight m,ore of them come down into the Neck 
to get Provifions, and had agreed to m,eet at the burying place 
that evening. Thefe two being fome of Nathanaels old ac- 
quainta7ice, he had great infltience upon them, ajid zvith his 
inticing Story, ( telling what a brave Captain he had, how 
bravely he lived f nee he had been with him, & how much they 
might better their co7idition by turning to him, &c.) per- 

^8 Concerning this, Gen. Feflenden more than one cart-load of human 
fajs, " In regard to the location of the bones. There are now no appearances 
' Old Indian burjing-ground,' I have of a cemetery there. This was doubt- 
long fince endeavored to find the lite of lefs a burjing-ground ; but whether it 
it. A farmer informed me that when was the burjing-ground cannot be de- 
he was a boj, about the jear 1800, the termined." [yl/6". letier.'] The proba- 
people ftraightened the diredt road from bilitj feems urgent that this was an 
this place (Warren, R.-I) to Briftol ; Indian burjing-place, as all which have 
and, on the top of a hill, about half been ufed bj the white fettlers are 
waj between the two places (2 miles doubtlefs well known. If fo, it is rea- 
from each), thej dug through a burjing- fonable to infer that it was that to which 
ground, and carried off for interment reference is here made. 

1 60 



[48 ] 

/waded and ingaged them to be on hisjide, which indeed noiu 
began to be the better Jide of the hedge. They waited bnt a 
little while before they efpfd the refl of theirs coming up to 
the burying place, and Nathanael foon howfd them in as he 
had done their mates before. When Capt. Church came to 
the Garrifon, he met his Lieutenant and the refl of his 
company ;^^ and then making up good fires they fell to 
roafting their Horfe-beaf,'^^'^ enough to laft them the whole 
day, but had not a morfal of Bread; tho' Salt they had 
which they always carryed in their Pockets, which at this 
time was very acceptable to them. Their next motion was 
towards the place where the Prifoners told them they had 
left their Women and Children,^^ and furprized them all, 
and fome others that were newly come to them. And 
upon examination they held to one Story, that it was hard 
to tell where to find Annawon, for he never roofted twice 
in [48] a place. Now a certain Indian Souldier that Capt. 
Church had gain'd over to be on his fide, pray'd that he 
might have liberty to go and fetch in his Father, who he 
faid was about four Miles from that place, in a Siuamp '^^^ 
with no other than one Young Squaw ; Capt. Church in- 

839 Lieut. Rowland and his fquad, not far from what is now Swanfcy vil- 

on getting acrofs the ferry and follow- lage. 

ing Church, may have fallen in with '»- Maftwkague fwamp in the fouth- 

one of Lightfoot's fcouts, or may have eaftern corner of Rehoboth, anfwcrs 

gone to the old garrifon, at a venture, this requifition of diftance ; bcfides 

as a likely place of meeting him, or lying near the rout to SquannakoMk 

news from him. Iwamp, where Annawon was, and 

34« Which the Indians had juft killed. whence thefe Indians whom Church 

3ii A fwamp in Swanfey, probably had captured had come. 

21 161 



[48] 

clined to go with him, thinking it might be in his way to 
gain fome intelligence oi Annazvon ; and fo taking one Eji- 
gli/Ji Man and a few Indians with him leaving the reft there, 
he went with his new Souldier to look his Father; when 
he came to the Swamps he bid the Indian go fee if he could 
find his Father: he was no fooner gone but Capt. Church 
difcover'd a Track coming down out of the Woods, upon 
which he and his little company lay clofe fome on one 
fide of the Track & fome on the other. They heard the 
Indian Souldier make a howling for his Father; and at 
length fome body anfwered him, but while they were lifl- 
ening, they thought they heard fome body coming towards 
them, prefently faw an old man coming up with a Gun on 
his Shoulder, and a young Woman following of him in the 
Track which they lay by: They let them come up be- 
tween them, and then ftarted up and laid hold on them 
both. Capt. Church immediately examined them a part,^^^ 
telling them, What they mujl trujl too if they told fa If e Sto- 
ries : He ask'd the young Woman, What company they 
came lafi from ? She faid, from Capt. Annawons. He 
asked her, How many were in compajiy with him, whenfJte 
left him? She faid, 50 or 60. He ask'd her How many 
Miles it was to the place where fJte left him ? She faid, She 
did not under/land Miles, but he was tip in Squannaconk 
Swamp? ^ The old man who had been one oi Philips 

=5*3 Through one of his Indian foldiers eaftern fide of the town of Rehoboth, 

as an interpreter. Mafs., about midway between its north- 

^" Squamiakonk fwamp is on the ern and fouthern boundaries, and 

162 



[ 48] 

Council, upon examination, gave exa6lly the fame account. 
Capt. Church ask'd him. If they co7dd get there that Night? 
He faid. If they went prefently and travelled floutfy, they 
might get there by Sun fet.^^ He ask'd Whither he was 
going? He anfwered. That AnnTiwon had fent him dowit> 
to look for fome Indians, that were gone down into Mount- 
hope IVeck to kill Provifions : Capt. Church let him know 
that thofe Indians were all his Prifoners. By this time 
came the Indian Souldier & brought his Father and one 
Indian more. The Captain was now in great ftraight of 
mind what to do next he had a mind to give Annawon a 
vilit, now knew where to find him, but his company was 
very fmall, but half a dozen men belide himfelf, and 
was under a neceffity to fend fome body back to acquaint his 
Lieutenant & company ^^ with his proceedings. However 
he asked his fmall company that were with him. Whither 
they would willingly go with him and give Annawon a vifit? 
They told him, They were always ready to obey his com- 
mands, &c. But withal told him, That they knew this Capt. 

nearly touches, at fome points, the ^45 it could fcarcely have been more 

weft line of Dighton ; Little Squatina- than 9 or 10 miles to Annawon's camp ; 

koiik and Bad-Luck fwamps lie be- but the way was, unqueftionably, — 

tween it and Refervoir pond on the through that miry country, — tedious 

fouth, out of which flows the main feed- and difficult, and the day was evi- 

er of Palmer's (Warren) River. Mr. dently waning; as Church had already 

Drake fays [edition of Mather's Brief marched, with many delays, from the 

Hijiory, 180], that Squannakonh prob- narrow of Poppafqualh neck, a diftance 

ably fignifies the " Swamp of Night," which, by their finuous route, could 

or " Night-fwamp." But Mr. Trumbull hardly have been lefs than fifteen 

fays, " I can make nothing of this miles. 

name. It is certainly corrupted, and »*« Whom he had left at the fwan.p 

has loft at leaft one (initial) fyllable." above Mattapoifctt neck. 

163 



[49 ] 

Annawon zvas a great Souldier ; that he had been a valiant 
Captain ttndcr Afuhmequn, Philips Father, ^*'^ and that he 
had been Philips Chieftain all this War ; a very fubtle man, 
and of great refolution, and had of ten f aid, that he would 
never be taking alive by the Englifh j a7id moreover they knew 
that the men that were with him were ref o lute fellows, fome 
d?/" Philip's chief Souldiers ; a7td therefore feared whether it 
was pra6licable to '}nake an attempt upon him withfo [49] 
fmall a handful of afjiflants as now were with him. Told 
him further, That it would be a pitty that after all the Great 
Things he had done, he f wield throzv away his Life at lafl, 
&c. Upon which he replyed, That he doubted not Anna- 
won was a fubtle & valiant Man: that he had a Ions' time 
but in vain fought for him, and never till now could find 
his quarters; and he was very loth to mifs of the oppor- 
tunity; and doubt not but that if they would chearfully go 
with him, the fame Almighty Providence that had hitherto 
protected and befriended them would do fo ftill, &€. Up- 
on this with one confent they faid. They would go, Capt. 
Church then turned to one Cook oi Plymouth^^ (the only 

^"^ Majfafoit had two names, each of accent on the fecond fjllable." The 

which, in accordance with the humor other was written Woofamcqitin, Wa/a- 

of the times, had a various fpelling. megin, UJfaniequen, AfuJimeqiiin, Oofa- 

Bradford wrote one Majfafoyt and mcquen, O/amekin, Oxv/amequin, O^vf- 

Majfafoyet ; Window wrote it Ma/a- amequine, <&c. dc. [Bradford's Hiji. 

foyt and Majfajfo-vat ; Prince fajs, Plym. 94, 103; Young's Chronicles 

" I find the ancient People from their Plym. 191, 313; Prince's Annals, loi ; 

Fathers in Plimouth Co/owj pronounce Belknap's ^w^/'. ^/j^. ii : 212; Thatch- 

his name Ma-faf-fo-it" •■, to which &r\ Ind. Biog.'w 117; T>r^\iQ'?> Book of 

Thatcher adds (as if from Belknap, Ind. Si.] 

what Belknap does not fay), "with the ^^^ Beyond queftion this was Caleb 

164 



[49] 

EiigliJJi Man then with him) and ask'd him, What he 
thought of it ? Who replyed, Sir, I am never afraid of 
going a7iy zvhere when you are with me. Then Capt. 
Church asked the old Indian, if he could carry his Ilorfe 
with him? ( for he conveyed a Horfe thus far with him: ) 
He reply'd that it was impoffible for an Horfe to pafs the 
Swamps, Therefore he fent away his new Indian Soul- 
dier with his Father and the Captains Horfe to his Lieu- 
tenant, and orders for him to move to Taunton with 
the Prifoners, to fecure them there, and to come out in the 
Morning in the Rehoboth Road, in which he might expe6t 
to meet him, if he were alive and had fuccefs.^** The 
Captain then asked the old fellow, If he would Pilot him 
unto Anna-won ? He anfwered, that he having given 
him his life he was obliged toferve him. He bid him 
move on then; and they followed: The old man would 
out-travel them, fo far fometimes that they were almoft out 
of fight; looking over his Shoulder and feeing them be- 
hind, he would halt. Juft as the Sun was fetting, the old 
man made a full Hop and fat down, the company coming 
up alfo fat down, being all weary. Capt. Church asked, 
What news? He anfwered. That about that time in the 
Evening Capt. Annawo7i, fent out his Scouts to fee if 
the Coaft were clear, and as foon as it began to grow dark 
the Scouts return. And then (faid he) we may move 

Cook, who fo narrowly miffed being miles from the fwamp where Lieut, 
the flayer of Philip. (See note 307, Plowland and his company were, north- 
ante?) cafterly up the weft bank of the Titkiit 

«9 It was probably twelve or thirteen (Taunton) River to Taunton. 

165 



[49 ] 

again fecurely. When it began to grow dark the old man 
ftood up again, Capt. Church asked him, if he would take 
a Gun and fight for him? He bowed very low and pray'd 
him not to impofe fuch a thing upon him, as to fight 
againft Capt. Annawon his old friend. But fayes he, I 
will go along with you, and be helpful to you, and will lay 
hands on any man that fhall offer to hurt you. It being 
now pretty dark they moved clofe together; anon they 
heard a noife, the Captain ftay'd the old man with his hand, 
and asked his own men what noife they thought it might 
be? they concluded it to be the pounding of a Mortar. 
The old man had given Capt. Church a defcription of the 
Place where Annowon now lay, and of the Difficulty of 
getting at him: being fenlible that they were pretty near 
them, with two of his Indians he creeps to the edge of the 
Rocks,^° from whence he could fee their Camps; he saw 

^^ A continuous tradition has pre- change of years, has made the pofition 
ferved the identity of this fpot. It is more acceffible than of old, although 
an out-cropping ledge of rocks in a wet ground ftill furrounds the ropk. 
bit of upland in the northern part of The traveller will find, perhaps So rods 
Squannako7ik fwamp in Rehoboth. It bej'ond Mr. Blifs's houl'e (which ftands 
may now be reached by the old turn- in the angle where another road crofles 
pike from Taunton to Providence, and the pike), a tree on the left, larger than 
is between the houfes on that road now any near it, which bears the marks of 
occupied by Seneca Blifs and Noah being often ufed as a hitching-poft; 
Fuller ; on the left fide as you go to- with a path leading thence fouth-eafterly 
ward Providence, and about 6-^ miles into the woods. Following that path, 
from Taunton. This portion of the fay So paces, he will begin to afcend 
fwamp is owned by Nathan Pratt of the ledge which flopes up before him 
Taunton, who married a daughter of at an angle of perhaps 40 degrees, and 
Dea. Blifs, its former proprietor. The the length of which lies acrofs his way 
building of this road through the north- up, and apparently not far from north- 
ern end of the fwamp, with the natural eafl; and fouth-weft. From pacing it, 

166 



[50] 

three companies of Indians at a little diflancc from each 
other, being eafy to be difcovered by the light of their fires. 
He faw alfo the great An\j^o\nawo7t and his company, 
who had formed his Camp or Kennelling-place, by falling 
a Tree under the fide of the great clefts of Rocks, and fit- 
ting a row of birch bufiies up againft it, where he himfelf, 
and his Son, and fome of his chiefs had taken up their 
lodging, and made great fires without them, and had their 
Pots and Kittles boiling, and Spits roaft:ing. Their Arms 
alfo he difcovered, all fet together in a place fitted for the 
purpofe (landing up an end againfl; a fi;ick lodged in two 
crotches, and a ISIat placed over them, to keep them from 
the wet or dew. The old Annawons feet and his Sons 
head were fo near the Arms as almofl: to touch them: But 



I judge that this ledge may average 125 
feet in length by 75 feet in width, ter- 
minating on its fouthern and weftern 
fide in rugged cliffs from 30 to 40 feet 
in hight. The rock is a pudding-ftone, 
thick fet with pebbles, and has evidently 
felt the effedl of convulfion, or other 
rough treatment, along its fouthern and 
fouth-weftern edge, which is jagged, 
and from which huge bowlders, now 
lying at its bafe, have been torn. 
About two-thirds of the way weft, along 
this fouthern face, is a deep recefs, ac- 
ceffible from above with difficulty by the 
aid of the bulbes growing in the clefts, 
which anfwers well to Church's defcrip- 
tion of the fpot in which Annawon was 
now encamped. The growth of trees 
around the rock has recently been 
felled ; and the firft feeling of the vifitor 



is one of furprife that a retreat fo ex- 
pofed on the fouthern fide as this now 
feems to be, Ihould have anfwered the 
conditions of Annawon's camp. But, 
on reflexion, one will fee, that, with 
the fwamp as it then was, the rock 
could be reached only from the upland 
ifthmus which connected it with the 
main land, which lay probably in the 
direaion from which the path now ap- 
proaches the fpot; while the fide which 
now feems expofed was not only pro- 
tefted by the furrounding water and 
mire, but iTiut in and concealed by the 
old foreft growth. From the edge of 
the cliff, Church could look down upon 
Annawon, his fon, and chiefs, almoft 
diredtly under him, and upon the three 
companies around their fires, fcattered 
along its fouthern fiice. 



167 



[so] 

the Rocks were fo fteep that it was impoffible to get down, 
but as they lowered themfelves by the bows, and the 
bufhes that grew in the cracks of the Rock. Capt. Church 
creeping back again to the old man, asked him, If there 
was no poffibility of getting at them fome other way? He 
anfwered, no. That he and all that belonged to Annawon 
were ordered to come that way, and none could come any 
other way without difficulty or danger of being fhot. Capt. 
Church then ordered the old man and his daughter to go 
down fore-moft with their baskets at their backs, that when 
Annawon faw them with their baskets he fhould not mif- 
truft the intregue ; Capt. Church and his handful of Soul- 
diers crept down alfo under the fhadow of thefe two and 
their baskets, and the Captain himfelf crept clofe behind 
the old man, with his Hatchet in his hand, and ftep'd over 
the young mans head to the Arms, the young Annawon 
difcovering of him, whip'd his blanket over his head and 
flirunk up in a heap: The old Capt. Annawon flarted up 
on his breech, and cryed out Hozvoh^^^ and defpairing of 
efcape^^^ throw himfelf back again, and lay lilent until 
Capt. Church had fecured all the Arms, &c. And having 
fecured that company, he fent his Indian Souldiers to the 

^1 HotvoJi I i.e. Aivaufi ervb ? "Who ^'-^ Annawon probably had no idea 

is that?" [Roger Williams's Aly. i?.-/. that Church would have the boldneis 

////?. CoU. i : 29.] or Hozvan / "who?" thus to beard him in his den, without an 

e.g., Hoivan yeuoh -vag Edo7n d-c, abundant force furrounding and irre- 

" Who is this that Cometh from Edom, fiftibly enclofing him on every fide; 

&c. ?" 'lEliot, Ifaiak Ixiii : i.] This as was reprefented to be the fai5l to 

feems to have been the ufual challenge : the other companies, by his Indian fol- 

" Who's there?" diers. 

168 



[51 ] 

other fires & companies, giving them inftruaions, what to 
do and fay. Accordingly, they went into the midft of 
them: When they difcovered themfelves who they were, 
told them that their Capt. Annawon was taken, and it 
would be beft for them quietly and peaceably to furrender 
themfelves, which would procure good quarter for them: 
Otherwife if they fhould pretend to refifl or make their ef- 
cape, it would be in vain, and they could expe6t no other 
but that Capt. Chtirch with his great Army, who had now 
entrap'd them, would cut them to pieces: told them alfo if 
they would fubmit themfelves, and deliver up all their 
Arms unto them, and keep every man his place until it 
was day; they would aifure them that their Capt. Church 
who had been fo kind to themfelves when they furrendred 
to him, fhould be as kind unto them. Now they being old 
acquaintance, and many of them Relations did much the 
readier give heed to what they faid, and complyed & fur- 
rendred up their Arms unto them, both their Guns and 
Hatchets, &c. and were forthwith carryed to Capt. Church. 
Things being fo far fettled, Capt. Church asked Annatuoji, 
What he had for Supper, for ( faid he ) I am come to Sup 
[51] with you. Taubut^ (faid Anncnvon) with a big 
voice; and looking about upon his Women, bid them haften 
and get Capt. Chtirch and his company fome Supper; then 
turned to Capt. Church and asked him. Whether he would 



853 



Tatibut: Literally, " It is fatif- well;" Tdubot ne faump mauutln'ttit, 
faaory," " tres bien," e.g., Taubut " 1 am -lad they are well." [Roger 
/aww/ »mM«/a;«a«, "lamgladyouare Williams R.-I. Hijh Coll. i: 27.] 
22 169 



[51 ] 

eat Cow-beaf or Horfe-beaf, The Captain told him Cow-beaf 
would be moft acceptable: It was foon got ready, and pul- 
ling his little bag of Salt out of his Pocket, which was all 
the Provifion he brought with him; this feafon'd his Cow- 
beaf fo that with it and the dry'd green-corn, which the old 
Squaw was pounding in the Mortar,^ while they were 
Aiding down the Rocks, he made a very hearty Supper. 
And this pounding in the Mortar proved lucky for Capt. 
Churches getting down the Rocks, for when the old Squaw 
pounded they moved, and when fhe ceafed to turn the corn, 
they ceafed creeping, the noife of the Mortar prevented the 
Enemies hearing their creeping: and the corn being now 
drefled fupplyed the want of Bread, and gave a fine relifh 
with the Cow-beaf. Supper being over, Capt. Church fent 
two of his men to inform the other companies, that he had 
killed Philips and had taken their friends in Mount-hope 
Neck,^^ but had fpared their lives, and that he had fub- 
dued now all the Enemy ( he fuppofed ) excepting this 
company of Annawons, and now if they would be orderly 
and keep their places until Morning, they fhould have good 
quarter, and that he would carry them to Taunton, where 
they might fee their friends again, &c. The Meffengers 

^^ "The mode of pounding dry times a depreflion in the face of a rock." 

maize, by the grain-raifing tribes, va- [Schoolcraft's Inf. re/J>e<^ing the Ind. 

ried confiderably. It was a fpecies Tribes iii : 466.] 

of work left wholly to the women, who ^^ That is, thofe whom Annawon had 

generally exercifed their ingenuity in fent down to Poppafqualh, and the 

its reduction. When circumftances fa- regions beyond it, after provifions ; 

vored it, mortars and peftles of ftone whom Church had captured the day 

were employed. The mortar was fome- before. 

170 



returned, that the Indians yielded to his propofals. Capt. 
CJmrch tho't it was now time for him to take a Nap, hav- 
ing had no fleep in two days and one night before; told 
his men that if they would let him fleep two hours, they 
fhould fleep all the reft of the night. He lay'd himfelf 
down and endeavoured to fleep, but all difpofition to fleep 
departed from him. After he had lain a little while he 
looked up to fee how his Watch managed, but found them 
all faft a-fleep. Now Capt. Church had told Capt. Attna- 
wons company, as he had ordered his Indians to tell the 
others, that their lives fhould all be fpared, excepting Capt. 
Annawons, and it was not in his power to promife him his 
life, but he muft carry him to his Mafters at Plymouth^ 
and he would intreat them for his life. Now when Capt. 
Church found not only his own men, but all the Indians 
faft a-fleep Annawon only excepted, whom he perceived 
was as broad awake as himfelf; and fo they lay looking 
one upon the other perhaps an hour; Captain Church faid 
nothing to him, for he could not fpeak Indian^ and tho't 
Annawon could not fpeak EngliJJi ; at length Annawon 
raifed himfelf up, caft oft' his blanket, and with no more 
clothes than his fmall breeches, walked a little way back 
from the company: Capt. Church tho't no other but that 
he had occafion to eafe himfelf, and fo walked to fomc dif- 

356 It will be remembered, that been principal Adors in thofe Villa- 
Church's commiffion (fee p. loi, arite) nies." Compare the ai5lion of Ply- 
expreffly excepted from- his power of mouth Court, 7 July, 1676; and alfo 4 
"receiving to mercy" fuch as were November following. \_Plym. Col. Rcc. 
"Murderous Rogues, or fuch as have v: 205; xi : 242.] 



[5^ ] 

tance rather than offend him with the flink: but by and 
by he was gone out of fight and hearing; and then Capt. 
Church began to fufpect fome ill deiign in him, and got all 
the Guns clofe to him, and crouded himfelf clofe under 
3'oung Annawo?t, that if he fhould any where [52] get a 
Gun he fhould not make a fhot at him without indanger- 
ing his Son; lying very ftill a while waiting for the event: 
at length, he heard fome body coming the fame way that 
Annawon went. The Moon now fhining bright, he faw 
him at a diftance coming with fomething in his hands, 
and coming up to Capt. Church, he fell upon his knees 
before him, and offer'd him what he had bro't, and fpeak- 
ing in plain Englijli, faid, Great Capiam, you have killed 
Philip, and conquered his Country for I believe, that I & my 
company are the laji that War againjl the Y^ngWih., fo fuppo/e 
the War is ended by your means ; and therefore thefe things 
belong U7ito you. Then opening his pack, he pull'd out 
Philips belt curioufly wrought with Wompojn^~ being Nine 

^^ Wompom (plural \Vo7npotnpeag) Jexvati, i.e., " fcattered," " loofe." The 

was the Indian name for the white Englifh, not underftanding, or dilre- 

beads ufed as currency, or for the pay- garding, the diftind:ion of colors, af- 

ment of tribute from tribe to tribe ; fumed the name of the cheaper and 

from vjoffipi, "white." The black, or, more common wow/ompeag as generic, 

more properly, the purple beads, made and called all Ibell-money tvompom. 
from the margin of the fhell of the Dr. Palfrey fays thefe beads were a 

round clam {Venus 7nercetiarta), were quarter of an inch long, and in diameter 

caWeA J'uckauhock, "dark-colored-fhell." lefs than a pipe-ftem, drilled lengthwife. 

Thefe beads when ftrung, in bands or Gookin and Roger Williams teftify, that 

girdles, were called, generally, peag ; the white beads (or ivompom proper) 

when \oo{q, fi:axvh6og {farvhoog, Roger were rated at half the value of the 

Williams'sifej. i?.-/. //^?/?. Co//, i: 131); black. Palfrey adds that the former 

by the Dutch and other traders, yea wa;/, paffed for a farthing each in tranfac- 

173 



[ 52 ] 



inclies broad,''^ wrought with black and white Wompom, 
in various figures and flowers, and pi6tures of many birds 
and beafts. This when hung upon Capt. Churches fhoul- 
ders it reach'd his ancles. And another belt of Wompom 
he prefented him with, wrought after the former manner, 
which Philip was wont to put upon his head; it had two 
flags on the back part which hung down on his back: and 
another fmall belt with a Star upon the end of it, which 
he ufed to hang on his breafl;; and they were all edg'd 
with red hair, which Annawon faid they got in the Muh- 
hogs^^ Country. Then he pulled out two horns of glazed 
Powder, and a red cloth Blanket; He told Capt. Chirch^ 
thefe were Philips Royalties^ which he was wont to 



tions between the natives and the col- 
onifts ; that is, 960 to the pound fterling. 
A law was pafTed, however, in the Mafs. 
Colony, 2 June, 1641, to this effedl : 
"It is ordered that wampampege fhall 
paffe currant at 6 a penny for any 
fumme under £10, for debts hereafter 
to bee made." In Sept., 1648, the com- 
mifTioners of the United Colonies, from 
the fa(5l that the Indians and traders 
cheated in dealing with wampum, 
" fmaule & great uncomly & diforderly 
mingled," recommended an order that 
none Ihould " bee payed or Refcaiued " 
but what is " in fom meafure ftrunge 
futably;" but the General Courts did 
not agree to it. In 1660 it was rated 
at 55. a fathom. [Palfrey's Hiji. N. E. 
i: 31; Mafs. Col. Rec. i: 329; Plym. 
Col. Rec. ix: 136, 149; x: 251 ; I Mafs. 
HiJl. Coll. i: 152; R.-I.HiJl. Coll. i: 
130-] 



^ " They \^peag\ were ufed for orna- 
ment as well as for coin, and 10.000 
have been known to be wrought into a 
fingle war-belt four inches wide." 
[Palfrey's HiJi. N. E.\: 32.] "They 
make girdles curioufly, of one, two, 
three, foure and five inches thicknefle 
and more, of this money, which (fome- 
times to the value of £10 and more) 
they weare about their middle and as a 
fcarfe about their fhoulders and breafts. 
"Yea, the Princes make rich Caps and 
Aprons (or fmall breeches) of thefe 
Beads thus curioufly flrung into many 
formes and figures : their blacke and 
white finely mixt together." [Roger 
Williams's Key. R.-I. HiJi- Coll. i : 

131-] 
35'-» Mohawk's country. 

86'' It is an interefting queftion what 

became of thefe " royalties " after they 

were thus pafled into the hands of 



173 



[52 ] 



adorn himfelf with when he fat in State. That he tho't him- 
felf happy that he had an opportunity to prefent them to 
Capt. Church, who had won them, &c. fpent the remainder 
of the night in difcourfe; and gave an account of what 
mighty fuccefs he had formerly in Wars againft many 
Nations of Indians, when ferved Afuhmequin^^^ Philips 
Father, &c. In the Morning ^^ as foon as it was Hght, the 
Captain March'd with his Prifoners out of that Swampy 
Country towards Tau7tton, met his Lieutenant and Compa- 



Church. I find no note of their 
prefervation in Church's houfehold, 
nor any evidence that the tradition to 
which Mr. Drake refers, tracing them 
to the cuftodj of a family in Swanfey, 
\^Book of Ind. 239] has any foundation 
in fa6l. It is moft reafonable to fup- 
pofe that Church turned them over to 
the Government, and evidence has juft 
been brought to light which indicates 
that moft, if not all, of the articles here 
referred to, were fent as prefents by the 
Plymouth Governor to King Charles 
the Second. Dr. Palfrey has depofited 
with the Mafs. Hiftorical Society the 
copy of a letter obtained by him from 
the State-Paper Office [^Colonial Papers 
No. xlvi. Art. 149], from Jofias Winflow 
to the king, of date " New Plymouth, 
26 June, 1677," in which the Governor 
craves His Majefty's acceptance " of 
thefe few Indian rarities, beeing the 
beft of our fpoyles, and the beft of the 
ornaments and treafure of fachem 
Philip the grande Rebell, the moft of 
them taken from him by Capt. Benja- 
min Church (a perfon of great loyalty 
and the moft fuccefsful of our com- 



manders) when hee was flayne by him; 
being his Crowne, his gorge, and two 
belts of theire owne makeing of theire 
golde and filver." [Ma/s. Hijl. Soc. 
Proceedings^ 1863-4, p. 481.] This de- 
fcription accords very well with that 
given by Church. The " crowne " was, 
doubtlefs, the belt " which Philip 
was wont to put upon his head " ; the 
" gorge " \_gorget, " a crefcent-fhaped 
plate worn round the neck by officers 
on duty," — WorceJlerA^ rnay have been 
the " fmall belt with a Star upon the 
end of it, which he ufed to hang upon 
his breaft." 

"^'^ It has been ufual to regard Maffa- 
foit as a man of peace. Mr. Thatcher 
fays he "did not diftinguilh himself 
as a warrior; nor is he known to have 
been once engaged in any open hof- 
tilities, even with the inimical and 
powerful tribes who environed his terri- 
tory." \^Ind. Biog.'w 140]. But this tef- 
timony of Annawon, as well as other 
evidence which might eafily be cited, in- 
timates that he was much like other 
Indians in that refpedl. 

3^'- Tuefday, 12 September? 

74 



[£2 ] 

ny, about four Miles out of Town,^^ who expreffed a great 
deal of joy to fee him again, and faid, 'twas more than ever 
he expected. They went into Taunto7t, were civily and 
kindly treated by the Inhabitants, refrefhed and relied 
themfelves that night. Early next Morning,^*^ the Captain 
took old Annawon, and half a dozen of his Indian Soul- 
diers, and his own man, and went to Rhode-IJIand, fending 
the reft of his Company and his Prifoners by his Lieuten- 
ant to Plymouth. Tarrying two or three days upon the 
Ifland, he then went to Plymouth, and carryed his Wife 
and his two Children with him. 

Capt. Church had been but a little while at Plymouth, 
before he was informed of a parcel oi Indians, that haunted 
the Woods between Plymoiith and Sippican, that did great 
damage to the EngliJIi in killing their Cattel, Horfes and 
Swine; and the Captain was foon in purfuit of them: 
Went out from Plymouth the next Monday^ in the after- 
noon; next Morning early ^'^^ they difcovered a Track; the 



3G3 



Church would moft likely ftrike him from motives of kindnefs to that 

the old Taunton and Providence road, chief, left the Plymouth authorities 

then a trail, near the eaft flank of might make Ihort work with him before 

" Great-Meadow Hill," a half-mile north his return. 

of the rock where he had encamped; ^'^^ See note 314, nutc. It is mv im- 

from whence it would be nearly eight preffion that this expedition is here mif- 

miles to Taunton. As he met his Lieu- placed, really belonging m the laft week 

tenant about half way, they muft have of Auguft or the firft week of September, 

come together a little eaft of the Scgre- before Annawon's capture. This ISIon- 

ganfet River, probably not far from the day may, then, have been Monday, 28 

prefent refidence of G. Dean. Aug., or pofllbly the 4th September. 

304 [Wednefday, 13 September.?] As ^ Church himfelf gives fmall clew 

his occafions led him to Rhode-Illand, to the geography of this expedition. 

Church doubtlefs took Annawon with It is obvious, however, that the marau- 

175 



[53 ] 



Captain fent two Indians on the Track to fee what they 
could difcover, while he and his Company followed gently 
after, but [53] the two Indians foon returned with Ty- 
dings that they had difcovered the Enemy fitting round 
their fires, in a thick place of brufii. When they came 
pretty near the place, the Captain ordered every man to 
creep as he did; and furround them by creeping as near as 
they could, till they fliould be difcovered, and then to run 
on upon them and take them alive, if pofilble, ( for their 
Prifoners wxre their pay: ) They did fo, took every one 
that was at the fires, not one efcaping. Upon examination 
they agreed in their Story, that they belonged to Tifpa- 
quin^^" who was gone w^ith John Bump,^^^ and one more, 



ders of whom he was in fearch were 
"between Plymouth and Sippican"; 
and as he did not leave Plymouth until 
afternoon, he could not have been many 
miles on his way (unlefs he marched 
all night, which is not probable) when 
he difcovered their track. Hubbard fays 
\_Narrative 107] that " the place was 
near Lakenham upon Pocajfct Neck." 
He was probably right in the place, and 
wrong in its relative pofition. Laken- 
ham was the name very early given to 
the meadows Ij'ing eaft of Six-mile 
Brook and near Wenham Pond, on 
the road to Nemafket, in what is now 
Carver; at leaft 28 miles, air-line dif- 
tance, from PocaJJet, yet exa(5lly where 
Church would be likelieft to be, on a 
fcout for Indians lurking between Ply- 
mouth and Sippican. It is about 6 
miles from Plymouth. 
*'^ See note 227, ante. 



368 pg-vv family names have had a 
more curious transformation, in the 
procefs of popular ufe, than that which 
is here attached to this Indian. Origi- 
nally the Huguenot Bompajfe (from 
Bon- fas)., it became corrupted firft to 
Bumpafs, then to Biunpus, and finally 
to Bump I Edward, who came over in 
the Fortune, in 1621, founded a very 
worthy family, which ftill holds its own 
in the Old Colony. Mr. Drake, in his 
edition of Church, fuppoles that the In- 
dian here referred to may have derived 
his name from fome aflbciation with 
members of this family. It feems to 
me more probable, that his genuine 
Indian name fo refembled theirs in 
found as to have become confufed with 
it. There was a John Wampees, who 
appears on the lift of " diuers Indians 
inhabiting att Agaivaam, Sepecan, and 
Wezveante, with other Places adjoyn- 



176 



[ 53 J 



to Agawom'^ and Sippican^''' to kill Ilorfcs, and were not 
expected back in two or three days. This fame Tifpaquiji 
had been a great Captain, and the Indians reported that he 
was fuch a great Pouwau^'^ that no bullet could enter him, 
&c. Capt. Church faid. He would not have him killed, 
for there was a War broke out in the Eaftern Part of the 
Country, and he would have him faved to go with them 
to fight the Eajlern IndiansF''^ Agreeably he left two old 
Squaws of the Prifoners, and bid them tarry there until 
their Capt. Tifpaquin returned, and to tell him, that Church 
had been there, and had taken his Wife, Children, and 
company, and carryed them down to Plymonth ; and would 
fpare all their lives, and his too, if he would come down 



ing," who " engaged theire Fidelitie to 
the Gou'rment of New Plymouth, 6 
July, 1671." Bompaffe and Wampees, 
as then popularly pronounced, could 
not, I think, have feemed very unlike ; 
and it is my impreffion that this was 
the fame John ; .who, like Tautozen in 
the fame lift, proved faithlefs to the 
fidelity which he engaged. [^Plym. 
Col. Rec. v: 72.] 

*''■* See note 209, ayite. 

^'^ See note 210, anie. 
"^ Pauwau {Pov.'0-m). Eliot ufes this 
word in the form in which Church 
writes it, for a "witch," or "wizard," 
or " magician." [e.g., Exod. -xxW: 18; 
Dan. iv : 7.] Roger Williams gives 
Po-Mvjdvj, and defines : " thefe doe 
begin and order their fervice, and In- 
vocation of their Gods, and all the peo- 
ple follow, and joyne interchangeably 
in a laborious bodily fervice, unto 
23 I 



fweating, efpecially of the Prieft, who 
fpends himfelfe in ftrange Antick Gef- 
tures, and AAions even unto fainting." 
[Acj. R.-I. Hijl. Coll. i: iii.] De 
Vries fays of the Indians at Cayenne, 
"Their priefts they call peoayos ; we 
call them forcerers." So the word 
mud have had a wide range, territo- 
rially, and a very refpeAable antiquity. 
Though not exadtly a fimple or primi- 
tive word, its etymology is too ohfcure 
to be given without a preliminary trca- 
tife on Indian roots. 

^''^ Wakely (Hubbard calls him Wa- 
terly) and his family, were murdered 
by the Indians at Falmouth, Me., in 
the fecond week of SeptembeV; and 
other outbreaks at Saco, Scarborough, 
Wells, Kittery, &c., foon followed. 
[Hubbard's Narrative of Troubles, it-c, 
from Pafcataqiia to Pcmmaqitid, 16; 
Palfrey's Ilifl N. E. iii : 207.] 

77 



[53 ] 

to them and bring the other two that were with him, and 
they fhould be his Souldiers, &€. Capt. Church then 
returned to Plymouth^ leaving the old Squaws well pro- 
vided for, and Bisket for Tifpaqidn when he returned: 
Telling his Souldiers, that he doubted not but he had laid 
a Trap that would take him.^"^ Capt. Church two days af- 
ter went to BoJlo7i\ ( the Commiffioners then fitting )^"'^ and 
waited upon the Honourable Governour Leverett who then 
lay Sick;^'^ who requefted of Capt. Church to give him 
fome account of the War: who readily obliged his Hon- 
our therein, to his great Satisfaction, as he was pleafed to 
exprefs himfelf; taking him by the hand, and telling him, 
if it pleafed God he lived, he would make it a brace of a 
hundred pounds advantage to him out of the Maffachufetts 
Colony, and would endeavour the reft of the Colonies 
fhould do Proportionably;^'^ but he dyed within a Fort- 

^'^ This language is to be interpreted Artillery Company, 1639, holding fuc- 
honorably. Church does not mean ceffively all its offices ; was freeman 13 
that he had laid a trap to take the May, 1640; 27 May, 1663, he was chofen 
Black Sachem by a falfe promife, as Major-General, and every year after- 
might feem, in the light of fubfequent wards, until he was chofen Governor, 
events; but that, in offering him a in 1673, which office he held until his 
Captaincy under him to fight the Eaft- death ; befides being feledlman, deputy, 
ern Indians, he had held out an induce- affiftant, &c. &c. No fadl can be bet- 
ment fufficient to fecure his capitulation, ter eftablifhed than that he died 16 
as the refult proved. March, 167S-9, or about 2 years and 5 

^^* The Commiffioners of the three months later than the date to which 

Confederate Colonies. Church would here affign his deceafe ; 

^'5 Joint Leverett was the only fon another proof that the old warrior dic- 

of Elder Thomas Leverett, and was lated from a memory not always accu- 

born in England in 1616, and came to rate in minutiae. [See N. E. Hijl. and 

New England with his parents in Sept., Gen. Reg. iv : 125-32.] 
1633; joined Bofton Church 14 July, ^76 q^^ Leverett, on behalf of the 

i^'39; joined the Ancient and Honorable General Court of Mafs., wrote to the 

178 



[ 53 ] 

night after, and fo nothing was done of that nature. The 
fame day^" Tifpaqtiin came in and thofe that were with 
him, but when Capt. Church return'd from Bojlon^ he found- 
to his grief that the heads oi Annawon, Tifpaqtiin^ &c. cut 
off, which were the lafl of Philips friends.^'^ The General 
Court of Plymouth then fitting^'^ fent for Capt. Church who 
waited upon them accordingly, and received their Thanks 
for his good Service, which they Unanimoufly Voted, 
which was all that Capt. Church had for his aforefaid Ser- 
vice. 



Afterwards in the Year 1676. in the Month of Janu- 
ary^^ Capt. Church received a Commiffion*^^ from Gover- 



Governor of Plymouth, 17 0(5l., 1676, 
in regard to fending an expedition 
eaft againft the hoftile Indians there. 
*' Wherein," he fays, " wee defire & ex- 
pect yo' concurrance w"" us, & affiftance 
of us w* fome Englilli, & alfo fome of 
your Indians, & Caft, Church, xvhom 
nve hatie fpoken with here, d- finde him 
ready to ferve God & the country ; re- 
queft therefore your fpeedy fending of 
him, &fuch as yow fhall see meet, to 
afift in that defigne." {^Mafs. Col. Rec. 
v: 126.] I find no refponfe to this on 
the Plymouth Records. 

8"^ That is, the fame day which 
Church refers to in his account of fct- 
ting his trap for Tifpaquin. 

8^ Hubbard fays the Plymouth au- 
thorities tefted Tifpaquin on his reputa- 
tion of being impenetrable by bullets, 
but " he fell down at the firft Ihot." 
{^Narrative, 107.] The fadt probably 



was, that the Court, having committed 
themfelves to the policy of extermina- 
tion, fo far as the ringleaders of late 
butcheries were concerned, did not fee 
fit to gratify Church by making excep- 
tions in thefe eminent cafes. The 
Home Government at London-:- if we 
may judge by the records of the times — 
would have been even more unyield- 
ing. 

3-9 The Court met i Nov., 1676. 

^ In the Old Style the month of 
January, 1676, came after, inftead of 
before, November and December; the 
year beginning with 25th March, in- 
ftead of ift January. 

3^1 After the Annawon expedition, 
Church's old company fcems to have 
difbanded; and, from the ilTue of this 
new commiffion to him at this time, 
the force of the old would feem to have 
expired. 



179 



[54 ] 

nour Winjlozv, to Scoure the Woods offome of the lurking 
Enemy, which they were well informed were there. 
Which Commiffion is as follows: [54] 

BEing well informed that there are certain parties of 07ir 
Indian Enemies, ( remains of the People, or Allies of 
Philip, late Sachem of Mount-hope, our Mortal Enemy) 
that are Jim lurking' in the Woods near fome of our Pla^ita- 
tions, that go on to diflurb the Peace of His Majeflfs Subjefls 
in this & the Neighbotiri^ig Colonies, by their frequent Rob- 
beries, and other Infolences. Capt. Benjamin Church is 
therefore hereby Nominated, Ordered, Commifjioned, and 
Tmpoivred to raife a Compa7iy of Volunteers, conffiing of 
Englifh and Indians* fo many as he fJiall judge necefjfary to 
improve in the prefent Expedition, and can obtain ; And of 
them to take the Command, and Conduct, and to lead them 
forth unto fuch place or places zvithin this or the Neighbour- 
ing Colonies, as he fJiall think fit, and as the Providence of 
God, and his Intclligc7ice may lead him ; To Difcover, Pur- 
fue. Eight, Surprize, Defiroy, and Subdue our faid Indian 
E7iemy, or any party or parties of them, that by the Provi- 
dence of God they inay meet with ; Or them, or any of them 
to receive to Mercy, if he fee canfe {provided they be not Mur- 
derous Rogues, or fuch as have been principal Aflors in thofe 
Vilanies. ) And for the Profecution of this defign, liberty is 
hereby grajited to the faid Capt. Church, a7id others, to Arm 
andfet out fuch of our friendly Indians, as he is willing to 
Entertain. And for af much as all thefe our Enemies that 
have been taken, or at any time may be taken by our Forces, 

180 



[ 54 ] 

have by our Courts and Councils been rendred lawful Cap- 
tives of War, and condemned to perpetual Servitude; this 
Council do alfo determine and hereby declare, That allfuch 
Prifo7iers as by the bleffing of God thefaid Captain and Com- 
pany, or any of them,fJiall take, together with their Arms, 
and other P hinder, flia II be their own, and to be diflributed 
amongH themf elves, according to fuch agreement as they may 
be at one with another : And itfhall be lawful, and is hereby 
warrantable for him and them to make Sale of fuch Prifon- 
ers as their perpetiial Slaves ; or otherwife to retain and keep 
them as they think meet, ( they being fuch as the Law allows 
to be kept : ) Finally, the faid Capt. Church herein improv- 
ing his befl judgment and difcretion, and utmofl ability, 
faithfully to Serve the Interefl of God, his Majcflies Interefl, 
and the Interefl of the Colony ; and carefully governing his 
faid Company at home and abroad ; thefefliall be unto him 
full and ample Commiffion, Warrant ajid Difcharge. Giv- 
en under the Publick Seal. January 15th. 1676. 

Per Jofiah Winflow, GOV. 

Accordingly Capt. Church accompanied with feveral 
Gentlemen and others went out, and took divers parties of 
India7ts; and in one of which Parties there was a certain 
old man whom Capt. Church fecm'd to take particular 
notice of, and asking him where he belonged, wlio told 
him to Swanzey ; the Captain ask'd his name, who rcplyed, 
his name was Confcience ; Co7tfcie7ice faid the Captam 
( fmiling ) then the War is over, for that was what they 



[ 54 ] 

were fearching for, it being much wanting; and then 
returned the faid Confcience to his Poll again at Swansey, 
to a certain perfon the faid Indian delired to be Sold to/^^ 
and fo return'd home. 



^2 22 July, 1676, it had been ordered 
by the Ph'mouth Council of War : 
" Whereas it is apprehended that the 
p'mition of Indian men that are cap- 
tiues to fettle and abide within this 
collonie may proue prejuditiall to our 
coinon peace and fafety, confidering 
that there hath neuer bin any lycence 
for fuch foe to doe, it is ordered by the 
councell and the authoritie thereof, 
that noe Indian male captiue fhall 
refide in this gou'ment that is aboue 



14 yeers of age att the begining of his 
or theire captiuity, and if any fuch cap- 
tiues aboue that age are now in the 
gou'ment, which are not defpofed of 
out of this jurifdi(5tion by the is"" of 
Odtober next, ftiall forthwith be def- 
pofed of for the vfe of this gou'rment." 
[/'/yw. Col. Rec. v: 210.] Whether 
this had been repealed, or whether this 
old Confcience was made an exception, 
on account of his age, or name, I am 
not able to fay. 



182 




CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



't^sJV^J 



m" 



Cljronobgkal Cabk of (£fantts. 



Day of Day of 
Week. Month. 



Year. 



EVENT. 



Page. 



T. 122 July 
F. ! lo Apr. 



F. 
T. 



T. 



29 Jan. 
15 June 



W. 16 June 
&. I 20 June 
M. 31 June 



22 June 



Th. 24 June 
M. I 28 June 



1673 
1674 



167J 



24 



Saconet grantees met at Plymouth, and Benj. 
Church with them 

Grantees met at Duxbury, and drew lots for 
their shares 

Church goes down to view his lots, and con- 
cludes to settle on them 

Builds on his lot No. 19 

Sassamon found murdered at Assawojnpsett . 

A-washojtks has a dance, to which she invites 
Church. He starts for Plymouth, calling 
on Petanamiet and Weetamoe .... 

He arrives at Plymouth, and calls on the 
Governor 

Philip allowed his Indians to plunder in 
Swansey 

A messenger reaches the Governor at Ply- 
mouth, who orders the Captains of the 
towns to march that day to Taunton . . 

Church leads a party of English and friend 
Indians, ahead of the main army, to 
Brown's and Myles's Garrisons .... 

First blood, in Philip's War, shed either at 
Swansey or Fall River • • 

A skirmish at Giles's Bridge, in which Wil- 
liam Hammond was killed 



185 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 
Month. 



Year. 



EVENT. 



29 June 
-July 

7 July 



8 July 

9 July 



15 July 

16 July 

1 7 July 

19 July 



10 Dec. 



t675 



The troops, marched into Mount-Hope Neck 
to Keekkatmiit^ by a blunder, fired upon 
each other, wounding Ensign Savage ; 
found eight English heads, and Philip's 
staved drums 

The English begin to build a fort at Keek- 
kamtiit 

Captain Fuller and Church, with six files, 
start for Pocasset, and get over Bristol 
Ferry to Rhode Island 

Get over to Pocasset in the night .... 

Pease-field Fight 

Church goes back to Rhode-Island for provi- 
sions 

A fruitless expedition starts in pursuit of 
Weetamoe 

It starts again in a sloop for Fall River, has 
a skirmish, and gets back 

Our forces go from Mount Hope Neck Fort 
to Rehoboth 

To Gardner's Neck 

To Taunton 

They march to Pocasset, and attack Philips 

Philip gets away by rafts across the Taunton 
river, and flees to the Nip77mk Country 

-Aciishnet (Dartmouth) destroyed by the In- 
dians 

Another Fort built at Pocasset 

Remainder of the summer " improved " in 
nursing these Forts, while the Indians were 
recruiting in the Nipmtik Country and 
west as far as Albany 

Church starts from Boston with Governor 
Winslow on an expedition against the Nar- 
ragansetts, and gets to Rehoboth [to Myles's 
Garrison?] 



186 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 

Month. 



Year. 



EVENT. 



11 Dec. 

12 Dec. 

14 Dec. 

15 Dec. 

16 Dec. 

17 Dec. 

18 Dec. 

19 Dec. 

20 Dec. 

— Dec. 
27 Jan. 



28 Jan. 

1-7 Feb. 

10 Feb. 

21 Feb. 



1675 



1671 



Goes down with Richard Smith the nearest 
way over the ferries, to VVickford, R.-L, and 
surprises 18 of the enemy as a present to 
the Governor the same night 

Massachusetts and Plymouth troops, who 
had "• marched round the country," arrived 

Two forays were made ; 9 Indians killed, 
12 taken, and 150 wigwams burned . . 

Several stragglers from the main body of the 
English were cut oft' 

Captain Prentice with his troop of horse 
goes down to Pettaquamscut^ and finds 
that the Indians had burned Bull's Garri- 
son, killing 10 men and 5 women and chil- 
dren 

The Connecticut troops arrive at the ruins of 
Bull's 

The Massachusetts and Plymouth forces 
march over and join them at 5 p.m. • . . 

About I P.M. they reach the edge of the 
swamp where the Narragansett fight took 
place, and the action began . . . • • 

Church and the other wounded men suffer 
terribly with the night-march to Wickford 
in the extreme cold. Captain Belcher 
" mercifully " arrives with a vessel " load- 
en " with provisions. 

Church and other wounded carried over to 
Rhode-Island. Massachusetts and Plym- 
outh troops remained, and were re-enforced, 

Connecticut forces reached Wickford again. 
Whole army, 1600 strong, started for the 

Nipmuk Countrv ,* * " 

Attacked /'//w/zrt'w'.'^ town in Warwick . . 

Army returned home for want of provisions . 

Lancaster surprised 

Medfield burned 



187 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 

Month. 



29 Feb. 167! 



Year. 



8- 1 1 Mar. I 

1 2 Mar. 
26-28 Mar.! I 
21 Apr. 

12 May 
19 May 



6 June 

8 June ? 

9 June? 

10 June? 

2 1 June 

11-24 June 

25 June 



26 June 
27 June 

28 June 



676 



EVENT. 



Plymouth Council of War met at Marshfield ; 
and Church advised the sending of 300 
soldiers, one-third to be friend Indians ; but 
the Council demurred 

Church removes his family from Duxbury to 
Rhode-Island 

Clark's Garrison, in Plj^mouth, destroyed 

Rehoboth burned . 

Captain Wadsworth and his Company swal- 
lowed up at Sudbury 

Church's second son, Constant, born . 

Captain Turner surprises the Indians at the 
great falls of the Connecticut, but is him- 
self killed 

Church arrives at Plymouth, and meets the 
General Court 

Goes back, and on his way hails the Saconet 
Indians 

Church goes to Newport to get permission to 
go and see Aivashonks 

Goes across with Daniel Wilcocks to Treaty 
Rock, and xw^^i?, Aivashonks <\.\\A. her Indians 

Plymouth army to be ready to start for 
Taunton 

Fruitless efforts to get a vessel, and failure of 
Anthony Low to aid the business 

Peter is started from Rhode-Island for Saco- 
net and Plymouth, to carry Aivashonks' s 
submission 

Army arrives at Pocasset 

Church goes over to see Major Bradford and 
the armv 

Went back to go to Aivasho7zks to inform her 
of the arrival of the army. Saw her, and told 
her what to do, and returned to the army. 
Peter and his two Saconet companions 
appear before the Court at Plymouth . . 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 1 Day of 
Week. I Month. 



Year. 



EVENT. 



Page. 



Th. 
F. 

S. 

T. 

F. 

S. 
&. 
M. 

T. 



Th. 



29 June 

30 June 

I July 
6 July 

7>iy? 



8 July? 

10 July? 

11 July? 



1 2-33 July 
16 July 

17-23 July 



1676 



24 July „ 

30 July " 



Army march to Punkateese. Church goes 
down to Saconet 

Axvashonks with her subjects make submis- 
sion at Punkateese to Major Bradford, and 
are ordered to report at Sandwich in six 
days, where Church agrees to meet her 
within a week 

Army goes back to Pocasset and over to 
Mount Hope, missing the Indians digging 
clams at Weypoiset 

The army having got comfortably back to 
Miles's Garrison, Church has leave to keep 
his promise with the Saconets .... 

He reaches Plymouth, and the same afternoon 
starts for Sandwich. Major Bradford's 
army marches after Philip 

He 'ci\-\^%Aivasho7iks at Mattapoisett (Mass.), 

He returns to Plymouth 

The Governor commissions him, and he 
marches the same night for the woods . . 

Captures a lot of Indians in Middleborough. 
An onset is made upon Taunton by the 

Indians 

Captures the J/o«/c/^^<7/^, &c.,&c 

Anthony Collymer writes to his wife . . . 

Church gviards some carts to Taunton, and 
pursues and captures Indians through 
Assau'o?)ipset neck, AcusJinet, Pouagan- 
set, Mattapoisett, and Sippican, to Ply- 
mouth 

Church's commission is enlarged .... 

A post from Bridgewater announces that an 
armv of Indians is threatening to cross the 
Tit'lcut to their town ; Church starts " by 
the beo-inning of the afternoon exercise, 
and goes to Monponset (in Halifax) that 
night 



189 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 

Week. 



Day of 

Month. 



Year. 



EVENT. 



31 July 



I Aug. 



w. 

Th. 
F. 


2 Aug. 

3 Aug. 

4 Aug. 
7-9 Aug.? 


F. 


1 1 Aug. 


S. 
T. 


12 Aug. 

13 Aug. 
15 Aug. 

1-6 Sept.? 


F. 


8 Sept. 
10 Sept. 


M. 


1 1 Sept. 


T. 


12 Sept. 


W. 


13 Sept. 


— 


15-20 Sep. 



[6'j6 



The "brisk Bridgewater lads" attack the 
Indians ; and Church, scouting towards the 
town, hears the firing, but does not join in 
the pursuit 

Church pursues the enemy ; sees Philip ; 
crosses on the felled tree, and back at the 
wading-place ; and takes many prisoners . 

Pursues further to a swamp in Rehoboth . . 

Back, with his prisoners, to Bridgewater . 

Back safe to Plymouth, with his captives . 

An expedition toward Dartmouth, and the 
capture of Sam Barrovj 

Starts on another expedition to Pocasset, and 
goes over the ferry to see his wife at Major 
Sanford's ; hears that Philip is at Mount 
Hope, and hastens immediately to attack 
him 

Philip is killed 

Church back at Rhode-Island 

Starts on his return to Plymouth .... 

Goes out towards Agawom (in Wareham), 
after Tispequin 

Starts again for Rhode-Island after Annaxvon 

A post informs him of Indians on Poppa- 
sqiiash neck (in Bristol) ; he starts and 
scouts after them 

Church takes prisoners, follows their guide, 
reaches Annawon^ s camp in Squatinakonk 
swamp (in Rehoboth) about dark, and 
captures him with all his men, &c., &c. . 

Takes his prisoners to Taunton, where they 
I'efresh and rest over night 

Taking Annawon, Church goes back to 
Rhode-Island, sending the rest of his com- 
pany and prisoners to Plymouth .... 

Starts for Plymouth, with his wife and chil- 
di'en, and Aunawon 



190 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 
Week. 


Day of 
Month. 


Year. 


EVENT. 


Page. 


— 


— Nov. 
15 >n. 


1676 

i67f 


Church waits on Governor Leverett in 
Boston 


17S 


M. 


The General Court of Plymouth Colony 
tender him a vote of thanks 

Church is again commissioned by Governor 
Winslow, and goes out, and takes " divers 
parties of Indians," including old Con- 
science of Swansey ; which ends these An- 
nals of the War 


/ 
179 

179-182 



191 




^^Qrw^^^ 



INDEX. 



f 



25 



INDEX. 



The Arabic figures refer to the page in the body of the work ; the Roman 
numerals to the Introdudtorv portion. Names in italics arc those of Indians. 



A. 



Abram, Zeckaiy, i8. 

AculTinet, xxi. 109, 119. 

Agawam in Wareham, 95, 140. 

Ahani. 85. 

Akkoiiipoin, 126. 

Alderman, the flayer of Philip, 40, 
147-152. 

Alexander, or Wamfutta, brother of 
Philip, 12. 

Allen, Rev. James, 35; Samuel, 124 
bis. ; Squire, 16. 

Almv, 31; Chriftopher, xxix; Horace, 
36; Job, xxiii; Capt. John, xx. i, 6, 
31, 71, 141 ; Samuel, 36. 

Alfop, Key, 65; Mary, 65. 

Ames, John, 124. 

Amos, Capt., 134. 

Andros, Sir Edmund, 50. 

Amia-ion. xxi. 131, 149, i53- 163; cap- 
ture of. 163-175; date of that event 
difcuffed, 154, 155; put to death 
contrary to Church's wifli, 179. 

195 



A7iumpa/Ii, 5. 

Appleton. Major Samuel, 49. 

Apponeganfett, 45. See *' Ponegan- 
fett." 

Arnold, quoted, 17; Benedid, 38; Lion, 
xxxvi. ; Penelope, 38 ; Rev. Samuel, 
127 ; Seth, xxvii. 

AffaAvampfett, Pond and Neck, 13. 68, 
107, 121, 123. 

Aflbnett Neck, 68. 

AJfo-ve tough, 106. 

Afii/imcqiin, a name of Majfafoit, 164. 

AxvaJItonks, a female fachem, xix. xx. 
XXV. xxxiv. I, 4, 6, 7, 9, 25, 75, 76, 
80, 82, 89. 90, 96. 97, 98, 99; invited 
by Philip to join in war with the col- 
onifts, 6 ; her interview with Church, 
7; is detached, with her fubjecHs, by 
the addrefs of Church, from the party 
of Philip, and fubmits to the Ply- 
mouth government, So-84, 87 ; thcle 
Indians prove ferviccablc and faith- 
ful, 112, 120. Sec "Peter Awa- 
Ihonks." 



INDEX. 



B. 



Backus, quoted, 112. 

Bailej, Benjamin, xlvi ; Charles, ibid. ; 
Cornelius, ibid. ; Francis, xlv. ; 
George, xlv. xlvi ; Guido, 124; Han- 
nah, xlv. xlvi. ; John, xxxv. ; Jofhua, 
xlii. ; Ruth, xlv. bis. xlvi ; Samuel, 
xlv. bis. xlvi. bis. ; Sarah, xlv. xlvi. ; 
Thomas xlvi. ; William, xlv. bis. 
xlvi. 

Baker, William, xvi. 

Barnes, John, 114; Jonathan, ibid.; 
Marj, ibid. 

Sarroiu, Sam., 134, 139. 

Bartlett, John R., acknowledgment of 
aid from him, xiii. ; Jofeph, 135 ; 
Robert, xvi. 

Baxter, Thomas, 43. 

Bajlej, John, xxxii. 

Baylies, quoted. 147 ; William, 137. 

Beare, Richard, xix. xx. 3. 

Beedle, Jofeph, 3. 

Beers, Capt. Richard, 48. 

Belcher, Andrew, 20, 59 ; Rev. Jofeph, 
20. 

Bell, James, 142. 

Bendall, Freegrace, 35. 

Sen Pctananueti, 12. 

Betty Azvajhonks, 6. 

Billington, Jofeph, 94. 

Bilhop, Richard, xix. 3. 

Blackman, Jonathan, xxxvi. 

Blifs, Seneca, 166. 

Blood, jfirft fhed in Philip's War, 18, 19. 

Bompafle, Edward, 176. 

Borden, Jefferfon, xxxii.; John, 143; 
Richard, xxxii.; Thomas, i. 

Bradford, Major William, xx. 16, 49, 
88, 89, 90, 104. 

Bradifh, Robin, 105. 

Bradftreet, Gov. Simon, 53. 

Brattle, Capt. Thomas, 122. 



Brenton, Mr., 141; Mary, 115; Wil- 
liam, Governor of Rhode-Ifland, 115, 
142, 149. 

Bridgewater, 123-126. 

Briggs, Jeremiah, xlvi. ; Job, ibid. ; Ke- 
zia, ibid. ; Sarah, xlv. ; William 
xxxvi. 

Briftol, R. I., xxiv. xxvi. xxviii. 157 ; 
church formed in, xxvii. 

Brooklield deftroyed, 48. 

Brown, Jabez, 13; John, 13; James, 13 
bis., 18, 156. 

Brownell, Jofeph, 77. 

Bull, Jerah, his garrifon taken, 52. 

Bumf, John, 176. 

Burge, Thomas, xxx. xxxv. 

Burges, Either, xxxvi. 

Burroughs, James, xvii. xxvii. xxxi. 

Butterworth, Jonathan, 13. 

Byfield, Nathaniel, xxiv. xxv. xxx. 156. 

Byram, Nicholas, 124. 



C. 



Capture of Annawon, 163-175; the date 
difcufled, 154, 155. 

Carpenter, Alice, wife of Gov. Bradford, 
26. 

Carr, Robert, 141. 

Cary, John, xxiv. xlii. 

Cafe, Anna, xxviii. ; James, ibid. 

Chadwick, Mary, xxxvi. 

Chandler, Samuel, 3. 

Chafe, William H., 77. 

ChelTawanucke [Hoglfland], xxv. 

Chettenden, Ifacke, 15. 

Chittenden, Ifaac, 106. 

Chowahunna, 87. 

Chronological Table of Events, 185-191 . 

Church, Benjamin, perfonal memoir 
of, xvii.-xxxvii. ; fummary of his ad- 
ventures in " Philip's War," xix.- 



196 



INDEX. 



xxi. ; location of his houfe, xxxii. 
xxxiv. II ; his death, xxxvii. ; inven- 
tory of his eftate, xxxviii. ; no por- 
trait exifts of him, xlii. ; his Epiftle 
" To the Reader," liii. ; his inter- 
view with Awafhonks, 7-1 1, So-85; 
with Gov. Winflow, 51, 52, 93, 94; 
furprifes and kills Philip, 145-148; 
captures Annawon, 153-175. [For his 
military adventures, fee Chronologi- 
cal Table of Events.] 

Church. Benjamin, " vendue mafter," 
ix. ; furnilhed materials for a biog- 
raphy of Col. Church, x. ; his " Ode 
Heroica," x. xi. xliii. 

Church, Benjamin, of tory memory, ix. 

Church, Alice, xxxviii. xli. ; Anna, 
xlvi. ; Benjamin, xliv. quater. xlv. 
bis. xlvi. bis. xlvii. ; Betfey, xlvi. ; 
Caleb, XXX. ; Charles, xxxiv. xlii. 
xliv. xlv. xlvi. ter. ; Conftant, xxxiv. 
xxxvi. xlii. xliv. xlv. bis. xlvi. bis., 
71 ; Conftantine, xlvi. ; Deborah, 
xxxvi. ; Edward, " vendue mafter," 
ix. xliv. ; Elizabeth, xliv. ter. xlv. 
ter. xlvi. ; Francis, xlvi. ; Gamaliel, 
xlvi.; George, xlvi. xlvii. ; Hannah, 
xliv. xlv. xlvi. xlvii.; Jeremiah B., 
xlvi.; Jofeph, xxxii. 3, 5; Kezia, 
xlvi. ; Martha, xlii. xliv. xlv. ; Mary, 
xliv. xlv. xlvi. ter.; Mercy, xliv. 
xlvi. bis.; Nathaniel, xliv. xlv. ; Oba- 
diah, xlvi.; Peter, xlvi. xlvii. ter.; 
Prifcilla, xxxv. xxxvii. xliv.; Rich- 
ard, the original emigrant, particu- 
lar account of, xvi. xvii. ; Ruth, 
xlvi. bis. ; Sarah, xliv. bis. xlv. xlvi. 
ter.; Thomas, xxxiv. xxxv. xxxvi. 
xlii. xliv. sexies, xlv. xlvi. bis. ; Wil- 
liam, xlvi. bis. xlvii. 

Church's Point, in Little Compton, 77. 
ChurcJi. Saniueh an Indian teacher, 85. 
Churchill, Charles, the poet, xliii. 



Clapp, Job, xlvi. 

Clark, Jeremiah, 29; Dr. John, 58; 
Latham, xxxii. ; Mary, 29. 

Clarke, J. G., 52. 

Clark's Garrifon at Eel River, in Ply- 
mouth, deftroyed, 70, 71. 

Coakfett, in Dartmouth, 109. 

Cobbit, " the fchoolmaftcr," xxvi. 

Coe, Samuel, xxxvi. 

Cole, Hugh, 3, 11; James, i, 3, 135; 
Mary, i. 

Collamer, Jacob, 104. 

Collamore, Elizabeth, 106; Martha, 
ibid. ; Mary, ibid. ; Peter, 3, 105, 
106; Sarah, 106. 

Collamore's Ledge, off Scituate, 106. 

Collymer [Collamore], Anthony, his 
letter to his wife, 105. 

Colomore, Peter, 3. 

Collier, Elizabeth, xvii. 26. 

Commiffion of Capt. Church, 100; 
another, 180. 

Commiffioners of the United Colonies 
fend a ftrong force to attack the 
Narraganfetts, 48. 

Cofifciencc of Swanzey, 181. 

Cook, Caleb, 147, narrowly miffed be- 
ing the flayer of Philip, 164; Eliza- 
beth, 78; Francis, 11 3, 147; Jacob, 
147; John, 112, 147; Jofiah, xxvii. 3; 
Mary, 138; Silvanus, 147. 

Cory, Roger, xxxiii. ; Thomas, ibid. 

Cotton, Rev. John, of Plymouth, loi, 
127, 128. 

Council of War, how conftitutcd, 14, 
15; order captive Indians to bo fold, 
46 ; reject Capt. Church's advice con- 
cerning a vigorous profccution of 
the war, 68; afterwards adopt it, 72 ; 
their order requiring every man to 
abide in the town wiiere ho belongs, 

69. 
Crandall, Samuel, xxx. 



197 



INDEX. 



Cranfton, John, Gov. of Rhode Ifland, 
28, 115; made an M.D. by the Leg- 
iflature of Rhode-Illand, 29; Samuel, 
Gov. of do., 29. 

Crojfman, xxii. 

Cudworth, Capt. James, 16, 47. 

Cufhen [Culliing], xxviii. 

Cufhing, 105 ; John, 3. 

Cufhman, A. S., xlii. 

CulTinet [afterwards Dartmouth], 109. 

Cuthbert, William, xxxiv. 

Cuttler, Dr., 142. 



D. 



Danforth, Rev. Samuel. 85. 

Dartmouth deftrojed, 45. 

Davenport, Capt. Nathaniel, 49. 53. 

David, 87. 

Davis, Judge, quoted, 15, 52, 127. 

Dean, G., 175; Martha, 3. 

Deane, Charles, xliii. ; Rev. Samuel, 

quoted, 24. 
Deerfield burned, 48. 
Delano, Jonathan, 114. 
De la Noje [Delano], Philip, 114. 
Defcendants of Col. Cliurch, xliv.- 

xlvii. 
Dexter, Franklin B. ; acknowledgment 

of aid from him, xiv. 113. 
Dodlbn, Jonathan, xxxi. 
Doged [Doggett], John, xvii. 
Dotej, widow, 135. 
Downing, Ann, 53; Emanuel, ibid. 
Drake, Samuel G., a former editor of 

this Hiftorv, xi, xii. ; quoted, 15, 20, 

22, 98, 120, 126, 127, 131, 154, 174, 

176. 
Dudley, Gov. Jofeph, xxxiii. 
Dyer, Maherflialalhafhbaz [from Ifa, 

8: i], 114. 



198 



Eames, Mark, 14. 

Earl, Ralph, 45. 

Earle, William, xxiv. 

Eafton's Narrative, quoted, 17. 

Eaton, Daniel, xxx. 

EdiTiunds, Andrew, 47. 

Edfon, Jofeph, 124; Jofiah, /(^/rt'. ; Sam- 
uel, ibid. 

Eels, John, 45 ; Nathaniel, /?'/(/. ; Capt. 
Samuel, ibid. 

Eldridge, Daniel, 51 ; James, ibid. ; 
John, ibid.; Samuel, ibid.; Thomas, 
ibid. 

Eliot, John, the Apoftle, 8, 12, ct alibi. 

Elizabeth Iflands, 73. 

Enliftment, Indian manner of, 99. 



Fairhaven, 112, iiS. 

Fales, Sarah, xlvii. 

Fall River, xxix. xxx. xxxi. xxxii. xxxiii. 

2, 19, 41,42, 48. 
Fallowell, John, 147. 
" Falls Fight," 65. 
Faft, Proclamation for a, 15. 
Felix, 106. 
Feffenden, G. M., acknowledgment of 

aid from him, xiii. ; quoted, 15, 25, 

160. 
Field, John, 124. 
Filher, Rev. Abiel, quoted, 18. 

Fleming, , xlv. 

Fobes, Edward, 3, 113; John, 3, 113; 

Mary, xxxiv. ; William, xxviii. 113; 

Rev. Perez, a tradition mentioned by 

hiin doubted, 152. 
Fogland Point, 34, 36, 71, 77. 
Fofter, John, his almanac for 1676 

quoted, 154. 



INDEX. 



Fowler, Rev. Orin, quoted, .\xxii. 42, 
44. 

French, Richard, xx. 

Friend, Sir John, his execution, 151. 

Fuller, Edward, 26; Matthew, Captain 
and " Surjean-Generall," 14, 26, 40, 
58; Noah, 166; Samuel, 26, 67. 



Gardner's Neck, in Mount-Hope Bay, 

19, 159. 
Gardner, Capt. Jofeph, 49, ^;^ ; Thomas, 

53- 
Gallop, Samuel, xlii. 
Gallup, Capt. John, 49, 53. 
Genealogy of the defcendants of Col. 

Church, xliv.-xlvii. 
George, 6, 75, 79, 80, 87. 
Gill, John, 20, 35. 
Golding, Capt. Roger, 38, 142, 144, 

146. 
Gookin, Daniel, 20, 172. 
Gordon, John, 124. 

Gorham, Gorum, Capt. John, 49, 156. 
Gorton, Samuel, 13. 
Gould Illand, 38, 
Gould, Thomas, 38. 
Grave-ftone of Col. Church, xxxviii. 
Gray, Edward, xviii. xxiii. xxiv. xxix. 

106. 
Green, Bartholomew, printer of the 

original edition of this work, viii. 
Green, Capt, 141. 
Grey, Thomas, xli. 
Gun that killed Philip, 147. 
GulTiee Pond, 131. 

H. 

Hammond, Elizabeth, 20; William, 
ibid. 



Harding, Jofeph. xxvii. 

Harris, 141 ; Ifaac. 124. 

Hatfield alTailed. 48. 

Hathaway, Arthur, xxiii. 

Haven, Samuel F., acknowledgment of 

aid from, xiii. 104. 
Havens, Jack, 91, 97. 
Hawes, Richard, 135. 
Hawkins, Dr., 142. 
Hayman, Sarah, xliv. 
Hayward, Haward, Capt., 124; Daniel, 

xxii. 3; Enfign, 124: John, 3, 124; 

Nathaniel, 124. 
Hazelton, Haftleton, Charles, 7. 
Head, Henry, xxxii. ; Mary, xxxiv. 
Hedge, Elizabeth, 114; William, ibid. 
Henchman, Capt. Daniel, iS, 41, 44, 

47, 122. 
Herendean, Benjamin, 47; Mary, ibid. 
Hilliard, Jonathan, xxxvi. ; William, 

xxxii. 
Hinckley, Daniel, 85; Thomas, 78. 
Hog Illand, xxv. 
Holmes, Mary, 16. 

Hopkins, Damaris, 147; Stephen, 147. 
Howard, Matthew, xxviii. 
Howland, Ifaac, 132, 133; Jabez, 94, 

95- 97. 139' 153. 161 ; John, 94; John 

B., 11; J. M., 113. 
Hubbard, Ifrael, xxxi. 
Hubbard, William, the hiftorian, quo- 
ted, pajfim. 
Huckens, Thomas, 15. 
Hull, Capt. John, 35. 
Hunter, Capt. John, 43. 
Hutchinfon, Thomas, quoted, 148. 



I. 



burv- 



Indian dance. 7, 99; drums, 24; 

ing-place, 160. 
Indians, order of court concerning, 

xxii. ; their hoftile dcfigns fufpedted, 



199 



INDEX. 



5 ; the authorities flow to believe, 8 ; 
beginning of the war, 15 ; their bar- 
barities, 19; their mode of march- 
ing, 123; their call to each other, 
158, 160; their currency [tvompom'], 
172; reduced to flavery, 46, 181, 182; 
their entire difappearance from Sac- 
onet [Little Compton], 85; Indians 
are employed by Capt. Church, as 
auxiliaries, with happy results, in 
the latter weeks of the war, 87, 112, 
120, 129-131, 139, 143, 145, 147, 157- 
162, 175. 

Inventory of Col. Church's eftate, 
xxxviii. 

Irirti, Content, xxxv. ; John, xxiii. xxxv. 
3 bis. 

I/acke, 12. 



J- 



yack Havens^ 91, 97. 

James, 86. 

Jeffery, 103. 

Jokam, 5. 

Johnfon, Capt. Ilaac, 43, 49, 53. 

Jones, William, 149. 

Joflen, Thomas, 133. 



K. 



Kent, Dorothy, 13. 

Keith, Rev. James, 127. 

Keekkamuit, fee 

Kikemuit River, 7, 23, 24, 25. 

Killed and wounded in the Swamp 

Fight, 53. 
Kingfley, Eldad, 18. 
Kingfton, 16. 



Lake, David, xxi. xxiv. 31, 32 ; Thomas, 

xxi. 32. 
Lakenham, 176. 

Lakeville, 13, 108; fee Sampfon's Tav- 
ern. 
Latham, Williams, acknowledgment of 

aid from, xiii, 125. 
Lawton, Thomas, i. 
Layton [Leighton], Thomas, 19. 
Leach, Samuel, 124. 
Lee, Rev. Mr., of Briftol, xxvii. 
Lenthal, Anna, 45 ; Rev. Robert, 45. 
Leverett, John, Gov, 178. 
Lightfoot, III, 118, 129, 157, 159. 
Lindall, Abigail, 66; James, 66; [he 

was oi Duxbury.^ 
Linkhorn [Lincoln.''] 141. 
Little Compton, xxxii. xxxiii. xxxiv. 

xxxv. xli. I, II, 73, 85; a church 

formed there, xxxiii. 
Little Eyes, 10, no, 118. 
Lothrop, Ifaac, 152 ; John, 147. 
Low, Anthony, 86 ; John, ibid. 
Lowell, 141. 
Lucas, Benoni, 135 ; John, ibid.; Mary, 

ibid.; Samuel, ibid.; Thomas, ibid.; 

William, ibid. 



M. 



Matnanuak, 4, 6. 

Manchefter, John, xlv. 

Marchant, Judge M., 52. 

Marfliall, Robert, 114; Capt. Samuel, 

49» 53- 
Mafon, Capt. John, 49, 53. 
MaJJiifoit, XXV. 14; a great warrior, 

174. 
Mattapoifett River, 96, 119. 



I N D E X. 



Mattapoifett Neck [now Gardner's 

Neck], in Svvanzej, 19, 159. 
Mather, Cotton, quoted, 137, 151, 152. 
Mather, Increafe, quoted, 64, 90, 106, 

120, 125, 127, 137, 143, 148, 149, 151, 

152. 
Maii/iias, 133. 
Merrick, William, 3. 
Mianiiinnoinok, 117. 
Middleborough, 13 ; fee Namafket. 
Miller, John, 47. 
Mitchel, Conftant, 113; Experience, 

106, 113. 
Mohawks, Philip takes refuge with 

them, 64. 
Mohegans, allies of the colonifts, but 

unfaithful in the "Swamp Fight," 

55- 
Momjiiynezi'it, William, 5. 
Momponfet, in Halifax, xxi. 103, 124. 
Montaup, or Mount Hope, 7. 
Morton, Ephraim, 14; Nathaniel, 15, 

16. 
Moflej, Capt. Samuel, 18, 49, 58, 122. 
Mount Hope, 2, 7, 15, 144; called Brif- 

tol, xxiv. 
Mjles, Rev. John, minifler at Swan- 

zey, 16, 18. 



N. 



Namalket [Middleborough], 102, 106. 

Namtimfam, 4, 12. 

Narraganfett Indians fufpecfled, 48; 
their territory, ibid. ; a ftrong force 
fent againft them, 49; this force how 
proportioned, ibid. ; thefe Indians 
totally vanquillied, 53-58. 

Nathaniel, 157- 

Netops, meaning of the word, 64, 98. 

Newman, Rev. Noah, 47. 

Niles, Rev. Samuel, quoted, 19, 152. 

26 2 



Nipmuck countrv, its fuppofcd extent, 

61. 
Nokehick, parched meal, 146. 
Nomquid. xxxi. 90. 
Northtield attacked, 48. 
Numpas, or Nompa/Ji, 12, 77. 
Numpouce, 5. 
Nunkatefl Pond, 131. 



O. 



Occape, occapeeches, Indian name for 

rum, Si. 
'' Ode Heroica," x. 
Oliver, Capt. James, 49, 53, 55, 59. 
Oliver, Peter, his malignity, 151. 
Order of court concerning Indians, xxii. 
Ofomehciv. 5. 
Oxenbridge, Rev. John, 35. 



Pabodie, William, xvii. xviii. xxi. xxiii. 

xxiv. XXV. xxvii. xxx. xli. 3, 4. 
Pachet Brook, 2, 4, 11. 
Packard, John, 124, bis. 
Pacujichcji, 5. 
Paine, Hannah, xlv. ; Nathaniel, xiii. 

II. 
Palfrey, John G., dedication to him, v. ; 

quoted. 17, 150, 154, 172, 173. 
Palmer, John, xxxi. 
PamontaquaJIi, 106. 
Panoquin, Wj. 

Parlbns, Ufher, quoted, 2, 19, 24. 
Pafcamanfet River, 109, 112. 
"Peafe-field Fight," 33-40, 82. 
Peck, Nathaniel. 86. 
Peckham. George H., xxxiv. : James, 

xxviii. 
Peirfe, James, 135. 



INDEX. 



Pequot, the word explained, 83. 
Perkins, Sir William, his execution, 

151- 

Petana7tuet, 11, 77. 

Peter A-MaJJionks, xx. 6, 77, 87, 149. 

Peter Nunnuit^ 11, 77- 

Petonotvowet, 1 1 . 

Pettaquamlcut, 52. 

Petuxet River, 47. 

Philip, xix. xx. xxi. 5, 7, 9, et pajjiin ; 
his death, 147 ; treatment of his dead 
body, 150; his " royalties," or rega- 
lia, furrendered by Annawon to 
Capt. Church ; what became of 
them.? 173, 174. 

Pierce, Capt. Michael, 67, 70. 

Pinfon, Thomas, 4. 

Plymouth, orders of court, xxii. 2 ; the 
Court proclaim a faft, 15; Court 
order refpedling prifoners, loi. 

Plummer, Mary, 114. 

Pocaflet [Tiverton], xx. xxi. xxii. xxiii. 
xxiv. xli. II, 12, 41, 43, 47, 89, 140. 

Pokanokett, 15. 

Poneganfet, 45, 109. 

Pope, Thomas, 4. 

Poppafqualh Neck, in Briftol, xxv. xxx. 
156, 158. 

Pqfoioquo. 5. 

Potock, 59. 

Pouwau, Powow, an Indian conjurer, 
177. 

Powder-mill, firft in New England, 35. 

Pratt, Nathan, 166; Stillman, 125. 

Prentice, Capt. Thomas, 18, 20. 49. 52. 

Prellong, Nicolas, 4. 

Price, John, 4. 

Prince, Gov. Thomas. 6; dies, 10. 

Prince, Thomas, the annalift, quoted, 

30- 
Proportion of men and money required 
from each town in Plj'mouth Colony, 
68. 



Proprietors of Saconet, their names, 3; 

their agreement, 4. 
Providence burned, 72. 
Prudence Ifland, 155. 
Puiukain, 50, 61, 117. 
Punkateaft, Punkateefet, Punkatees, a 

neck in Tiverton, alfo called Pocaflet 

Neck, xviii. xix. xxi. xxiii. xxvii. 

xxxi. 3, 31, 34, 36, 82. 
Punkatees Fight, 33-40. 



Quaboag [Brookfield] deftroyed, 40. 
^uannapo/tiit, yamcs, iS. 
^uannapohiit, Thomas, 18. 
Qiiequechan River, now Fall River, 2, 

42. 
^ui)iitafi?i, ^U7i7iapi)i, 117, 127, 128. 
^iiiqueqnanchett, I2. 

R. 

Rawfon. Rev. Grindal, 85. 

Rattlefnakes, 30. 

Reformado, Church was one; meaning 

of the term, 49. 
Revere, Paul, xi. xii. ; his portraits of 

Church, and of Philip, xi. 
Reyner, Rev. John, 112. 
Reynolds, Mary, xlvi. 
Rhode-Illand, why excluded from the 

Confederacy. 17. 
Richard, Eleazar, 153. 
Richards, Alice, i6. 
Richmond, Anna, xlvi. ; Benjamin, 

ibid. ; Charles, ibid. ; Elizabeth, 

ibid. ; Hannah, ibid. ; John, xxiii. 

4. 77 : Mary, xlvi. bis. ; Perez, ibid.; 

Ruth, ibid. ; Sarah, ibid. ; Sylvefter, 

ibid.; Thomas, ibid.; William, ibid., 

bis. 



I N D E X. 



Robinfon. Rowland, xxvi. 

Rochefter, 13. 

Rogers, John, xviii. 3. 

Rolbotham. Alice, xlv. ; Benjamin, xlv ; 
Elizabeth, xxxvi. xlv. ; Hannah, xlv. ; 
Jofeph, xxxiii. xxxv. xlv. 

Roufe, John, xxvii. xxxiv. 3 bis. ; Si- 
mon, 3. 

Rowlandfon, Mrs. Mary, 117. 

RulTell, John, 45. 



S. 



Sabin, Sabine, Benjamin, 93; Jona- 
than, ibid. ; Jofeph, ibid. ; Samuel, 

ibid. ; Williain, ibid. 
Sachueefet, or Sachueft, on Rhode- 

Ifland, 89. 
Saconet, or Sauconet [Little Compton], 

xviii. xxi. xxii. xxiii. xxv. xxvii. 

xxxii. I, 2, 3. 4, 6, II, 73, 89. 
Saffin.John, xxv. 
Sam Barrovj, 134, 139. 
Samplbn, Abraham, 3 ; Elizabeth, xlii. 

xlv. ; John, xxxvi. xlii. xlv. ter. 
Samplbn's Tavern, now the Lakeville 

Houfe, 108. 
Sanderfon, Robert, 35. 
Sandy Point, 143. 
Sanford, John, 115; Major Peleg, xxi. 

88, 115, 141, 142, 144, 146; Samuel, 

xxviii. 
Sajfamon, Sau/aman, John, 5, 6, 12, 

106; reveals Philip's defigns, and is 

murdered by him, 12. 
Savage, Lieut. Perez, wounded, 23; 

again wounded in the " Swamp 

Fight," 23, 142 ; death, 23 : Thomas, 

Major, 23, 65. 
Schaghticoke, 64. 

Schoolcraft, Henry R., quoted, 99, 170- 
Sconticut Neck, 117. 



Seconit, or Sekonit; see Saconet. 

Seekonk burned. 72. 

Seely, Capt. Robert. 49. 53. 

Shaw, William, xxxv. 

Shavvomet [Warwick], 50. 

Sheffield, Amos, xxxv. 

Shepard, Rev. Thomas, quoted, xxvii. 

xxviii. 
Sherman's Almanac for 1676. quoted, 

154- 

Sherman, Richard, of Portfmouth, R. 
L, acknowledgmentof aid from him, 
xiii. 71, 141, 143; William, 3, 22. 

Shirtlife, Shurtleff, William, 4. 

Shore, James, 149. 

Sibley, John Langdon, acknowledg- 
ment of aid from him, xiii. 

Simons, Thomas, 4. 

Sippican, xxi. 95. 

Slavery of Indians, 46, iSi, 182. 

Smalley, John, 3. 

Smith, Major Richard, 49. 

Sncll, Mary, xxxvi. ; Samuel, ibid. 

Sogkonate ; fee Saconet. 

Sohchaxvahham, 85. 

Southwick, Solomon, publilTier of the 
fecond edition of this trae't, ix. xliii. 

Southwoith, Alice, xvii. xliv. B. [.'], 
35; Conftant, xvii. xviii. xxxiii. 3, 
4? 25, 93, 156; Edward, xxxiv. 25, 
35; Elizabeth, 113; Nathaniel, 35, 
95; William, xxvii. 35. 

SoxvagoniJIi-, 117. 

Sowams [Warren], 7. 

Sprague, Francis, 45. 

Springfield attacked. 48. 

Squakeag [Northficld] affaulted. 48. 

Squannakonk Swamp, in Rchotiotli, 
131, 161, 162, 166. 

Standilh, Miles, 16. 26. 

Stanton, John, 29. 

Staples, William R., acknowledgment 
of aid from him, xiii. 4^'' 7'- 



203 



I N D E X. 



Stiles, Rev. Ezra, quoted, ix. xxxvii. 
13, 52, 60. 

Studfon [Stetfon], Robert, 15. 

Sturgis, Edward, 43. 

Succanoivajfacke 1 S'J. . 

Stichqua, 5. 

Sudbury Fight, 66. 

Sumei-fbury, 141. 

"Swamp Fight," Great, 53-58; its lo- 
cation, 52; the Indian fortdefcribed, 
^T, ; number of killed and wounded, 
ibid. ; feven colonial captains killed, 
idid. ; Church, though not an officer, 
has command of thirty men, ibid.; 
he is wounded, 56 ; the Englifh, be- 
ing in pofieffion of the fort, fet fire 
to the wigwams in it, though Church 
remonftrates, 57, 58 ; fevere fuffer- 
ing of the wounded and dying men, 
59; great lofs of the Indians, ibid. ; 
Church and other wounded men are 
fent to Rhode-Illand, 60; the troops 
remain in garrifon at Wickford, 61. 

Swanfey, 11, 13, 15, 16. 



T. 



Taber, George H., acknowledgment of 
aid from, xiii, 113. 

Taber, Jofeph, xxxi. 

Taller, Peter, xxviii. 

Takanumma, 129. 

Talcot, Major John, 122, 138. 

Tafacomuncak, 4. 

Tatainanucke., xxiii. 

Taunton, 16, 44; attacked, 105. 

Tautozen, 177. 

Tax laid on the feveral towns of Ply- 
mouth Colony, 68. 

Taylor, Peter, xxxvi. 

Taylor's Lane, 4. 

Thacher, Anthony, 94 ; Bethia, ibid. 



Thomas, Nathaniel, xxi. xxiii. xxiv. 

XXX. 4. 

Thompfon, Cephas, 128. 

Tibbets, Thomas, xxxvii. 

Tift, Jolbua, 55, 59. 

Timberlake, Hannah, xliv. 

Tinkham, Ephraim, 4. 

Tifpaquin, Tujpaquitie, xviii. xxi. 106, 
134, 176, 177, 179. 

Titicut, XX. 123. 

Tiverton, xxxii. xxxiii. xxxiv. xli. 11, 
14. 

Tobias, 107. 

Toby, 91. 

Tokkamona, 129. 

Tompkins, Henry M., acknowledgment 
of aid from, xiii. 

Tompkins, Samuel, xxxv. 

Tompfon, John, xvi. xviii. 106, 107. 

Toio/on, Tatofon, 134, 136, 139, 140. 

Tower Hill, in South Kingftown, 52. 

Treat, Major Robert, 49. 

Treaty Rock, in Little Compton, 77. 

Tripp, Abiel, his ferry, 27, 143. 

Trumbull, Dr. Benjamin, quoted, 148. 

Trumbull, J. Hammond, acknowledg- 
ment of aid from, xiv. ; quoted, 2, 7, 
13, 19, 24, 42, 98, 156. 

Tubbs, William, 3. 

Turner, Thomas, xxxvi. ; Capt. Wil- 
liam, 65. 

Tufpaquin ; fee Tifpaquin. 

Tyajks, TiaJIiq, 120. 



U, V. 

Uncompozvett, Utikoj)ipoi>i, 126. 
Upham, Lieut. Phinehas, wounded, 

142. 
Vaughan, Eliza, 132 ; George, ibid. 
Vicory, George, 3. 



204 



INDEX. 



W. 

Wade, Nicolas, 3. 

Wadfworth, Benjamin, 66 ; Chrifto- 
pher, ibid. ; Capt. Samuel, killed in 
the fight at Sudbury, ibid. 

Wakelj, Thomas, killed at Falmouth, 
177. 

Wakeman, Helena, 139. 

Walker, James, 15. 

Wallev, John, xxv. xxvi. ; Rev. Thom- 
as, lOI. 

Wampoes, John, 176. 

Wamfiitta, xxv. 4, 12; fee Alexander. 

Ward, Richard, xxxvi. 

Warren, Elizabeth, xvi. ; Mercy, 114; 
Nathaniel. 114; Richard, xvi. 112.; 
Sarah, 112. 

Warren, town of, 13, 15. 

Warwick burned, 72. 

Walliburn, John, 3, 124; Samuel, 124; 
Thomas, ibid. 

Watts, Capt., 49. 

Watufpaquin, 106; fee Tifpaqtiin. 

Wayexvett, hufband of Azva^ionks, xxv. 

6. 
Weetamoe, Weetainore, Squaw Sachem 
of Pocaffet, xix. 4, 12, 41, 42, 43. 

Wepoifet, 91. 
Wewayetvitt., 6 ; fee WayezvctL 

White, 142. 

Whitman, John, 124. 

Whitmore, Rev. Benjamin, 70. 

Wilbor, Aaron, xlv. bis. ; Abigail, 
xxxvi. ; Benjamin, xlv. ; Francis, 
ibid.; Gray, 76; John, xlv. bis.; 
Sarah, ibid.; Thomas, ibid.; Wil- 
liam, xxxvi. bis. xlv. 

Wilcox, Wilcockes, Daniel, xviii. xxxiii. 
3> 77. 78. 



Willett, llczekiah, xxii. 

Williams, John, 145; Roger, 46, 156; 

Thomas, 3. 
Williams, Roger, quoted, 24, 4S, 55, 59, 

146, 148, 172, 173, 177. 
Willis, Comfort, 124; John, ibid. 
Windmill Hill, 11. 
Windmills on Rhode-Ill and, 42. 
Winneconnet Pond, 131. 
Winflow, Gov. Jofiah, xvii. xx. 3, 10, 

15' 49' 50, 61, 93, 100, io6, 141, 174; 

fends a force to Swanfcy, 15; his 

two commiffions to Capt. Church, 

100, I So. 
Winllow, Kcnclm, brother to Jofiah, 

xvii. 
Winthrop, Gov. John, xvi. 156. 
Wifwall, 16. 

Witherell, Witherly. Sergeant, 142. 
Wodel [WoodhuU .?] Gcrlhom, xxxi ; 

William, xxviii. xxx. 
Wompom, the Indian currency, ex- 
plained, 172. 
Wood, Elizabeth, xxxvii. ; Hannah, 

xxxvi. ; Henry, xxxiv. 106 ; John, 

xli. 
Wood's Hole, xx. 
Woodberry, Hugh, xxxi. 
Woodbury, Samuel, xlv. 
Woodman, Edith, xliv. ; John, xxxiii. 

xliv. 
Woodworth, Benjamin, xxxi.; Walter, 

4- 
Woonkepoiichuiit, 126. 
Woofamcqiiin. or Maffafoit, 164. 
Wootonckcnitjlw 117. 127. 
Wordcll, Mary. 78. 
Wright, Richard, xxiii. 



^05 




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